Forrest Mims Engineer's Mini Notebook Op Amp Ic Circuits

26 Pages·2014·1.72 MB·English

Engineer's
Mini-Notebook
Radio /hack
A Division of Tandy Corporation
Fort Worth, TX 76103
FHifT'ED \U IJ ."i
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MBOLS
RCUIT
CI
FIXED
RESISTOR CAPftc^ToR CAPftC^ToR
RECTIFIER/ Z£M£fi- PNP NPrO
[JVoCE Diode TRAMSiStoft TGfrw^iST^>R
PH OTO - PMOTO-
LED
CELL
t
WIRES
opem closed
RELAY
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I
LAMP AMP
BftTTEftV OP^
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.
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Basic imverTimg
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jff UNITY GAIN inverter:
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- , , AWPlIFIER
— TRAUSl^APE[)ftHC£ AWPLlFlER_
Put NAwy - - - I -f_ ,SIW(SL£-SL!PPLY A^AP.LIFIER
TUt, ^UQujRiES ^^CJ^WB^D
AUDIO ^^APL1FIER
Radio shack Amd the. fiturHOR^ it «oT
ts SUNAMINS AMPLlFlEi
POSSJ£tE TO PfiO^fOE PER^OWHt ft£SPONS£S
. DIFFERENCE. A^APLIFle6
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DUAL-SUPPLV IWTEGRATOR
CcusTOK c\?^ir oesiiJiM technical ADV IC£.^_]__
^ S1NGI.E:-SUPPLY IMTEGRATOR'
,TTlOU6L£5Hot3Tf\)S AOi/ "CE ETC.)- |F Vou
DUAL-£,UPPLY DIFFERENTIATOR
, j ^
SI.MSLE- SUPPLY DIFFEPiblTlATOSL
5££
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.PEAK [JETECTOe
MD(0 shack's "^£TT/\rcS STfiJlTED
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i j J j I INVERTING CLIPPER:
ELfcTFJ.cAjjcs. * ALSO, Read ma^iaz/wEs titt
WON- INVERT IMG CLIPPER.-
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mil!
iiFlEtijtTiowi,!] 1^ aPl OP^A^AP
WINDOW COM^fKRM.^
ikSiC A lAlSH PERPOftWlAWdE .UM£AR AMPUREfl
.-t--UU-lTrt Aw AM^^JNS VARIETY .OF. USES- THEl
argrapk voltmeter.
-C^H.AMP .[.bkAS-LTlMO IMPUT;£,^-:i>jlVERTJMS
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a&HT -ACTUATED
liELAV&. Atib ANb:owE
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(+1
i-lGWT-ACTiy/vTED ALERTER POlAB^tV of a SitS1wAL APPLIED TO THE'
3ARK-ACTlVAm[i ALERTER AWVERTIMS
iMPtT IS KEV/£RSElj). AT,. THE. .-
JGHT-SEW^lTlVE
__1 :OS.CJLLATORS iciuTPuT, A £i(SKJAL APPLIED .rro ..nkE-Aj6MrL
-WGH -SE WSlTlVlTV
Lifi.t4_T._METES llMVERTIWS
»MPuT--.^TAiWS..-.4T.£j.^^siA|Rjb:t-A^
"6UND-LEVEL . LU-f
^^ETER_|^
OUTPUT,
-OTEl,,.. i. ,L.i
iCJUMfc-AcrwATEb
REiiA
PlEZO ELEMEWT
---4- DR1\/ER., 6P-AMP IS OETERMlwfiD &Y FEicbBAC
'A^
iW- PAS^ FILTER __.:.REsiSTOft TKAT FEECiS SOME Of THE,
IGH^PASS FILTER ^
JiKAPLlFlED Sy<SWAL FROM THE Ta-TWE-L-
OuTpUTT-i.
I- -f-
WOTCkA FILTER^ UhlV£RTl>0t3 ImPUT, this REDUCES tHE-L '
--
UNABLE &AMDPAS&
X-t. 4.A*-VPLITU&E OF THE OUTPUT SKSN^AL, MEKICE.
lIni-color .or£;an
.
^aUARE WAVE
c^EMERA"
mE
WAVE \
OSCILLATOR.
'n
_
HEBLELJS. A BASIC |/o\;&Rti'wS_; AMP
AN
MftQEI ;W1TH DP-AMP:.
-
1-4
I I I f ' I I i ; ; I ; I
.yb-iJ. EAftLV DP-AMPS USE-D VACLjuM tu
iCClMSlbER-AgLE Po\jueR. (Ml i^Ul FAJRCHILJ5_
I
[sEmiCOWOuctdB. INTRO0L»CEt> TH£ FlR^t
I.IWTE6PATE& CIRCUIT OP'AMP, TODAV'S
:0,P-AMP5 ARE FAR SUPERIOR TU THEJR
VACUUM, TUBE PREDECESSORS. AmD £y
..
AfeE KvjcH Smaller, awd caw ee purchasSh 4.'mE £MM IS lWC£PEM&Ef0T oF T^E SUPPLY.
:
V0LTA6E. MotE- THAT THE UiOOSED tMPU^
4
1
IS GftOUMDEDi THEREFORE. THE OP-AMP.:_
,
AMPLlFltS THE t>IFPeftEMC& BeTwEEW THi_
4WPuT AMD (3ROOWD ^^LTSy .TH£
CVihi") C°
A- QLEf^ERE-MTJAJL A
.
L J
A . J-
_bpt&Mt.. -EQRM .CLOSEO. FEEDBACK LOOP. WWEhJ
IS Omitted., .t>4£ op-ftwp. is savb tt? se in itsJ_
ABE..-^
REW Loop MoeE,_TH£ .OP-Afi^P 1>*£W £XHJga£ MA>fi^ SipJ^cjlElldATlOKiSl, Of? .IWj!H.iClA.
qU !
UM SAlM, But Jt!s ^.CJUTPuT them SWlK?es FROM iTHfi : PGLf QUylMt^, PA££S> ..-THOSE WK^StJ...
Fi»LL -m Full off .oft vice. ^e^SA for vEeyj Ifc-ein^U^ 15 ^tyt jQ^V-^otJ5- l^de'! I j1 I I
WALL CHANGES rW INPUT VOLTAGE- THEREPO^E.^ _. L.
l_iTH£ 0P£^3 LO0P MODE IS MOT PEACTICAL FOfi _L_. jJpJr OFFSET VOLTAGE Evetsi W^T^^.Uo. OfriPilT
^L.IWEAR AMPi-lFlCATlOM, f.WSTEAD THIS MDD£ liL4 _vdkTA66 AN .OP-AMP SIVES A VERY. -SM^^f -L_
J^Eli TD iKlDtCATt WJHEw THE VOLTAGE AT OWE; _ QllTeuX-.^tJLT-Afifi...,T>lE^ OFFSET .VOLTAtSE; lk-^T1?A:
. -
^WPUT DlFFEftS FSOM TWAT AT THE OTH£R. (W lilkltii_y^\W.W£W ,TD JaiP
.
.
].4rHVS MODt TT^E OP-AMP IS CALLED A ComPAR.-
-.JIc&t N—^^—K1Oi\J~~ " M&DI" E RE^ rXE— c- TJt- OW^ RI AIT—r JD q -1 TTfcHlf^s^L.kHu.
f -
4- MEAS^URt OF THE AglL/TY. QF .Aw OP*AMP. Tffi_ i
fitlECT a; S^xSwAl^L-SlkULTAkiEdUSLY-. APBLIJEO
OS. T& 'BDTHj-iWPuTsj-J-L.I-J- L_i— r—
JnUrfi
I^ST :OP-ANvP£ LAiicI „
„A.CJi>AL POLAfc^T^' Pqu^er. Supply, here is :a_ A|J.^x(ErAitft.4w!lLi^Eu_MaTiOtJ...i_[Tl^^
rVOLT .EATT£fll£.S;.i_-! '
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ai?3;eyi^oF__.^A.f^JIoP-Ai
MVC.W5E.C.OUD; .MJHEw
I
JMPOftTANT
m!£..LLtAb.S
:
OP-AMP 5H0Ui.D fie 5HoftT Akj& DIRECT. L;Soiki;LS' substitote' DI
EXCEED ABouT i INCKES, THE OP-AMPI 1.0p-iAM.P.S:. JW- A-C!RjCUlTx FOR EXAMPLE^,..! Upfi
---j34EPL)L..,BlNS MUST BE BYPASSED GV CoW^JECir- A'.tHSe DUAL Of^^AMP IN. A .CiRduiT -fMftlL-j^
.m&l A?0.1>-F CAPACITOR 6E1WEEW EACH B^auiRES TVJO T-ll oP-AMP^. g.^. SuR.Ei.-ra_
. L
Power supply Pj« a^jD GftouMD. OTHERyjisEi. .KEEP TRACt OF PIM DlFFEtlEWCES.. f^OR
T>^E OP-AMP MAY OSCILLATE OR FAlL TD ,VERY IwPuT RESlSTAMCE AmO . LCHAJ
OPERATE PftOPEBLY- ALwA^VS <JS& FRESH BATTERJjE. S, fOPERATlMS CUftR£wT , USE CS^QS Oprt A
fiOTR MUST SUPPLY THE SAME VOLTASE. BE_L lUSe A, mtJH- iMpeOAr^CE VOLTMETER.
_SqKe the EAttepy are cleam And |M£iKJirO.R THE OUTPUT OF AW ORt^
clips
A ,
jnfiHT. MEV/ER apply, am ImPjt.SIGmAL ..WKE^Jsa IIS AMPLlFYlM<fi d C. VttTAtSE.- . A! CilSCll'J. _
FAILS TD VUORK, REMOVE |K;Pur S\i<JJAL FJgST
-
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.THEW DiSCowweCT PowEa AWp CMECK
-THE.
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ST
OP-AMF
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.££^)£RP-u PURPOSE
IS
£>P"AmPS A
jSlMPLt TO USE 1^0
'beliasls, And ^_ SIKJ^J-E PftCKASE,
, THE AMPLIFIERS
,_
.SHARt COf-iMOW
-41T 43 USEP tiw !_^
Mb5T CljicO^TS Stb\u£9. SUPPLV P/4s.
_
JJSE TO. REPLACE..
lii._JHlS ..tpQK^
VOLTA
ii9?Ci
-P6\w£^ Oiss PATlONl.
I
DAPFEdEWTlAL JMPUtI
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flO-TfuT SHORT Cl^iCUiT TiMt iWOEF^lWl _
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JpefLAT UslS-H-TEM ER ATu
I' — P
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i i I ; I i I 1_ . , ...
si^pPi.S'-: VOLTAGE-! whem %u??ci \jolta^e NOTt-1-: .lbJ.PAJ.T VOLTAGE ShoULD WOT Excedb.
is
.
^RACTERISTICS_":
:dftKkACTER^STiC*
kipyr. OFFSET voLTAsil .—H-l-i 1-1-4—1-4-4-
IW.P.UT Of FStr _V£>ikftj
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d& l^/^JLT^(5e gain I-lOiOOO tC ILO-Ota.
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LgjcciD- bo to
BATE iSi. TO. l.S.MWz SUPPLY -.CURRENT. -CNiOT.-?^ 5.;T0 5,(p m
siievj .
- :
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SIMPLE TO USE
ftMPUPtER
-.^U-l>lO
SA^W OF
_i.WiT|tt..
OPERATES
— ._!2.bJ
i FROM. SlMGi-E
„
Polarity supply,
capacitor
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8
PiMS 1 ft^JD Foft
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— OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT (notE i) CokjT M UOUS- ' '
I OUTPljT PoyjER Z5P JO IZS
Mm_J ^L-! IL !io TO ioql1_4
L_L ^4^J_l_i-
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TOTAL HARMON DlSTORTlbW
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RtS^STAhJCE.
.LVPUT
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ARACTER\STICr:""Witt:
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2,000 TO
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iiwpor V
L-
Awt
XAMPle: if fti ^ idoo £?hwS'
r- i_,„.i4Z^* iO^ ooo. OHMS, THE-lO e^/fJ J5i
owe OF THE MOST COMMOW OR-AMP
_ [THIS IS j_
GIRCUITS. FqR a WO'si- IKJUERTEtl OUTPUT
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jCONVERTEt: WER£*S HOW. IT PER.MITS flMi_ , . , .
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IS lEl^SLCU
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CJWe SIDE OP. DEVICE Tol-tfl y .AWB
.
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MIS.
.TO OPERATE FROM A S1NG£.E- PoLAftlT^
THE safa.;LS Po\^ER Ampufjer.
WITH TKG VALUes FOR Rt iSAii!!-.! I A!
Rl GluElM ABOVE., THE tSAlW IS . iOO. AtJlfi r>K . CTOONTURSOELSFITX>E^D£ VlOoLo.OkiM£^eCs)FlSTTHOER SPFEorA.KER.*
^.|_[CftPftClTORS CI AWD Ct MUST BE WSED,
CREDUCe RES\STAr^at PF R?. iF CIRCUIT OSC/LU^TtS
THEREFOIte THIS. _qiacviT AMPLlFVJ
' VJI4.L A. OR (ilVES DISTORTED OuTPUT.") JMPoRTAyoT f^VPA^
iElKUCTU.A.T.lW6,._fe£:t S-UWAL. 6UT. WOT Aj - -m^ PcmjER SUPPLY :
.C&ft^NfcCTlOWS
CAPACITORS.
j^fto^ IS THE LauJ FREauEMCV CuTOPF OR 300Jlil
jFor^ THE ClP,CUiT AEOvE-) CZ SHOULt> B£i.
.
ft^^lSTAfJCFj
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{ I I I I j [ I I f
OUTPUT FROM A tJOAL-SUPPLV oP-AmR.
l
-CAM FLUCTLjAtE A6oV£ .AW& BELDW fiftOuWD-
_(;D VotTS), HERE _LtW£_ .DI^iOER FORMeo
R3 -AMI? SETS Vour AT 1/2. + V. TH£_L
-THEN FtUCTU ATES ABOVE AMD