Formula for the Future: Nutrition or Pathology? Elevating Performance and Health in Pigs and Poultry

273 Pages·2008·5.221 MB·English

by  J. A. Taylor-Pickard, Z. Stevenson, K. Glebocka

Formula for the future:
nutrition or pathology?
Elevating performance and health in pigs and poultry
edited by:
J.A. Taylor-Pickard
Z. Stevenson
ageningen Academic
u b l i s h e r s K. Glebocka
Formula for the future: nutrition or pathology?

Formula for the future:
nutrition or pathology?
Elevating performance and health in pigs and poultry
edited by:
J.A. Taylor-Pickard
Z. Stevenson
K. Glebocka
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ISBN: 978-90-8686-088-3 Wageningen, the Netherlands,
e-ISBN: 978-90-8686-651-9 www.WageningenAcademic.com
DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-651-9
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Contents
Regulating gut function and immunity 13
Denise Kelly, Imke Elisabeth Mulder and Bettina Schmidt
1. Introduction 13
2. Effects of the commensal microbiota on the host gut maturation 13
3. Host-microbe interaction: role of epithelial cells 14
4. Host-microbe interaction: role of mucosal dendritic cells and
antigen presentation 15
5. Mucosal immune development in the pig: innate and adaptive
immunity 15
6. Development of the commensal microbiota 16
7. Gut microbiota and mucosal localisation 17
8. Host-microbe interactions and disease susceptibility 18
9. Disease susceptibility and the hygiene hypothesis 19
10. Identifying functionally important gut bacteria with
prophylactic and therapeutic properties 19
11. Prebiotics and probiotics: natural alternatives to antibiotics 20
12. Conclusions 21
Acknowledgements 21
References 21
Digestive function of amino acids: implications for pig health and
performance 27
Ronald O. Ball
1. Introduction 27
2. Adequate threonine is critical for gut mucin production 28
3. Gut utilisation of dietary methionine and cysteine 35
4. The gut may require leucine as an energy source 36
5. The gut is the only site of arginine synthesis in the piglet 37
6. The pig intestine catabolises lysine 40
7. Effect of targeted supplementation of early weaning diets with
amino acids 43
Acknowledgements 46
References 46
Formula for the future: nutrition or pathology? 7
Nutritional maintenance of gut health: an impending reality? 51
Bernard Sève, Alice Hamard and Nathalie Le Floc’h
1. Introduction 51
2. Alternatives to antibiotics: the use of high fibre feed ingredients
or prebiotics 52
3. Glutamine, arginine and proline as conditionally essential amino
acids involved in gut health 57
4. Threonine 62
5. Conclusions 68
References 69
Novel strategies to manage the mycotoxin menace 77
Alexandros Yiannikouris
1. Introduction 77
2. Materials and methods 82
3. Results and discussion 85
4. Conclusions 92
References 93
Salmonella in modern pig production: here today, gone tomorrow? 97
Thomas Blaha
1. Introduction 97
2. Salmonella in pigs: here today? 97
3. Salmonella: the nomenclature 104
4. Salmonella in the pork production chain 105
5. Risk factors and interventions during the pre-harvest phase 106
6. Re-evaluating some of the so far undoubted beliefs on Salmonella
in pig herds 110
7. Salmonella in pigs: gone tomorrow? 114
References 114
Nutritional approaches to controlling Salmonella 119
Colm A. Moran
1. Introduction 119
2. Salmonella in pigs and poultry 120
3. Integrated approach to Salmonella control on farm 123
4. Glycans as the basis for anti-infective agents 124
5. Bio-Mos – mode of action 127
6. Conclusion 133
References 134
8 Formula for the future: nutrition or pathology?
Is immune function being traded off for optimal performance? 139
Brooke D. Humphrey, J. D’Amato and M. Moulds
1. Introduction 139
2. Nutrients as substrates for the immune system 140
3. Nutrients regulate the type of immune response 152
4. Nutrients regulate pathogen growth and presence 156
5. Summary 157
References 157
Emerging pathologies: are we prepared? 165
Steve R. Collett
1. Introduction 165
2. Important emerging pathologies 166
3. Implications for poultry production: are we prepared? 172
4. Conclusion 178
References 178
‘Zero Salmonella’: the new European mantra? 183
Filip van Immerseel, Ulrich Methner, Frank Pasmans, Freddy
Haesebrouck and Richard Ducatelle
1. Salmonella as cause of gastrointestinal disease in humans 183
2. Layers and Salmonella: Enteritidis is the predominant serotype to
be controlled 184
3. Broilers and Salmonella: a variety of serotypes, which ones are
important? 188
4. European legislation: obligating monitoring schemes and control
plans to reach defined targets 189
5. Vaccination: an efficient way to control Salmonella enteritidis in
layers 195
6. Other control methods in the primary production and their
relevance 198
7. Can we reduce Salmonella prevalence in chicken flocks to zero? 203
References 204
The challenge of managing health in an integrated business 213
Dennis P. Wages
1. Introduction 213
2. Managing disease without feed grade preventative antimicrobials 215
3. Managing disease with a limited number of therapeutic
antimicrobials 218
Formula for the future: nutrition or pathology? 9