Forensic Document Examination in the 21st Century

337 Pages·2020·22.285 MB·English

by  Miriam Angel, Jan Seaman Kelly

Forensic Document
Examination in the
21st  Century

Forensic Document
Examination in the
21st  Century
Edited by
Jan Seaman Kelly and Miriam Angel
First edition published 2021
by CRC Press
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and by CRC Press
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2021 selection and editorial matter, Jan Seaman Kelly and Miriam Angel; individual chapters, the contributors
CRC Press is an imprint of Informa UK Limited
The right of Jan Seaman Kelly and Miriam Angel to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the
authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, access www.copyright.com or contact the
Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. For works that are
not available on CCC please contact [email protected]
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for
identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Seaman Kelly, Jan, editor. | Angel, Miriam, editor.
Title: Forensic document examination in the 21st century / edited by
Jan Seaman Kelly and Miriam Angel.
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020027214 (print) | LCCN 2020027215 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780367251550 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003112228 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Forensic sciences–History–21st century. | Criminal
investigation–History–21st century.
Classification: LCC HV8073 .F5633 2021 (print) | LCC HV8073 (ebook) |
DDC 363.25/65–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020027214
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020027215
ISBN: 978-0-367-25155-0 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-11222-8 (ebk)
Typeset in Kepler
by codeMantra
For the love you had for Questioned Documents.
For your vast intelligence, boundless enthusiasm, and quick wit.
For the knowledge you shared and contributions you made.
For all the lively discussions.
For inspiration, encouragement, and kind words you gave.
For all the fond memories we will always have of you.
For Peter Tytell.

Contents
Preface xi
Editors xiii
Contributors xv
SeCtion i Modern Standards,
theory, and Practices
1 Forensic Document Examiner Training 3
Brett M. D. Bishop
2 Standards in Forensic Document Examination 7
Rigo Vargas
3 The Logical Approach to Evidence Evaluation 9
R. Brent Ostrum
4 Cognitive Bias and Handwriting Examination: Concepts, Current
Knowledge, and Future Practice 35
Mara L. Merlino
5 Forensic Intelligence 55
Samiah Ibrahim
6 Expert Testimony: The Path to the Jury 63
Lucinda Risi
SeCtion ii Handwriting topics and Research
7 Development of Habitual Handwriting Characteristics in
Elementary School Students 73
Lisa M. Hanson and Marie E. Durina
vii
viii Contents
8 Evaluation of Handwriting Evidence 81
Carolyne Bird
9 Forensic Hand-Printing Examination 105
Linda L. Mitchell
1 0 Handwriting Complexity 111
Miriam Angel
11 Examination of Foreign-Influenced Handwriting 119
Elaine X. Wooton and Donna O. Eisenberg
1 2 Frequency of Occurrence Proportions in Handwriting 131
Thomas W. Vastrick
1 3 Examination and Comparison of Handwriting by Forensic Document
Examiners Compared to Laypersons 137
Marie E. Durina
SeCtion iii Applications of technology
in Forensic Document examination
14 Forensic Analysis of Handwritten Electronic Signatures 157
Kathleen Annunziata Nicolaides and Khody R. Detwiler
15 Indentation Development and Visualization 173
Tobin Tanaka
1 6 Examination of Cut, Torn, Shredded, and Perforated Documents 195
Larry A. Olson
1 7 Electrophotography 211
Tobin Tanaka
1 8 Typography 225
Zain M. Bhaloo, Tobin Tanaka, and Peter Tytell
Contents ix
19 Computer Generated Documents 241
Timothy A. Campbell
2 0 Radiography 263
Tobin Tanaka
2 1 Digital Examination Techniques and Considerations 275
Mark T. Goff
2 2 Computational Analysis of Documents 289
Timothy A. Campbell
Index 303