Food Contaminants and Residue Analysis, Volume 51 (Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry)

848 Pages·2008·7.72 MB·English

by  Yolanda Pico

COMPREHENSIVE
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
5 1
VOLUME
ADVISORY BOARD
Joseph A. Caruso
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Hendrik Emons
Joint Research Centre, Geel, Belgium
Gary Hieftje
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
Kiyokatsu Jinno
Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan
Uwe Karst
University of Mu¨nster, Mu¨nster, Germany
Gyo¨rgy Marko-Varga
AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden
Janusz Pawliszyn
University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada
Susan Richardson
US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA
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Wilson & Wilson’s
COMPREHENSIVE
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND RESIDUE ANALYSIS
51
VOLUME
Edited by
YOLANDA PICO´
Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia
Facultat de Farmacia
Universitat de Valencia
Av. Vicent Andre´s Estelle´s s/n. 46100 Burjassot
Valencia, Spain
Amsterdam(cid:2)Boston(cid:2)Heidelberg(cid:2)London
NewYork(cid:2)Oxford(cid:2)Paris(cid:2)SanDiego
SanFrancisco(cid:2)Singapore(cid:2)Sydney(cid:2)Tokyo
Wilson & Wilson’s
COMPREHENSIVE
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Edited by
D. BARCELO´
Research Professor
Department of Environmental Chemistry
IIQAB-CSIC
Jordi Girona 18-26
08034 Barcelona
Spain
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CONTENTS
Contributors to Volume 51 xiii
Volumes in the Series xix
Preface xxiii
Series Editor’s Preface xxv
1. Challenges in Chemical Food Contaminants and Residue
Analysis 1
Michel W.F.Nielenand HansJ.P. Marvin
1. Introduction 2
2. EmergingContaminants 7
3. MaskedContaminants 14
4. UnknownBioactive Contaminants 15
5. EmergingTechnologies 18
6. Validation and QA/QCChallenges 22
7. Conclusionsand FutureTrends 24
Acknowledgements 25
References 25
2. International Regulations on Food Contaminants and
Residues 29
IoannisS. Arvanitoyannis
1. Introduction toEU andUSA Legislation 29
2. Topics/Categories Covered under EULegislation 31
3. Topics/Categories Covered under USALegislation 63
References 73
3. Guidelines on Quality Implementation for Analytical
Methods 77
Sergio Caroli
1. Introduction 77
2. The RoleofQuality 78
3. Conclusions 86
References 87
vii
viii Contents
4. Immunochemical and Receptor Technologies: The Role of Immunoassay,
Immunoaffinity Chromatography, Immunosensors and Molecularly
Imprinted Polymeric Sensors 91
Marinel (cid:2)la Farre´,Elena Mart´ınez andDamia` Barcelo´
1. Introduction 92
2. Definitionsand Concepts 93
3. Immunoassay Formats 95
4. Immunoassay Development 96
5. Immunochemical Technologies 101
6. Biomimics: Molecularly ImprintedPolymers (MIPs) 113
7. Commercial Instrumentation andFuture Perspectives 122
References 125
5. Advanced Sample Preparation Techniques for the Analysis of Food
Contaminants and Residues 131
Pat Sandra,Frank David andGerd Vanhoenacker
1. Introduction 131
2. Sample Preparation MethodsforVOCs 133
3. Sample Preparation MethodsforSVOCs andNVOCs 138
4. Fractionation and Clean-Up 162
5. Evaporation 170
6. Derivatization 170
7. Conclusion 171
References 172
6. Recent Developments in Chromatographic Techniques 175
Katerina Mastovska
1. Introduction 175
2. Fast Chromatographic Separation 176
3. Two-Dimensional Chromatographic Separation 188
4. OvercomingAdverse MatrixEffects 191
5. Future Trends 196
References 197
7. New Approaches in Mass Spectrometry 201
Yolanda Pico´
1. Introduction 201
2. High Resolutionand AccurateMassAnalysers 204
3. Tandem MassSpectrometry 211
4. High ResolutionMassSpectrometers inTandem 219
5. Conclusionsand FutureTrends 227
References 228
Contents ix
8. Capillary-Based Separation Techniques 231
Peter Viberg
1. Introduction 231
2. Miniaturization andthe Capillary Format 232
3. Capillary LiquidChromatography 233
4. Capillary Electroseparations 235
5. DetectionTechniques inCapillary-Based Separations 250
6. Automation andOn-Line/In-Capillary CoupledSolid-Phase Extraction
inCapillary Electrophoresis 251
7. ApplicationsinDetermination ofFoodContaminants UsingCapillary
Electrophoresis 252
References 253
9. Pesticide Residues 257
Anna Sannino
1. Introduction 257
2. Physical andChemical Properties 258
3. HealthEffects 259
4. Analytical Methods 272
5. Instrumental Determination 278
6. LC-MS-MS Applications 295
7. Conclusionsand FutureTrends 301
References 302
10. Veterinary Drug Residues 307
Sherri B. Turnipseedand WendyC. Andersen
1. Introduction 307
2. Physical andChemical PropertiesAffecting Analytical Methodology 313
3. HumanHealth Effects fromVeterinary Drug Residues 315
4. Analytical Methods 317
5. OccurrenceinFood 328
6. FutureTrends 329
References 332
11. Analytical Strategies to Control the Illegal Use of Banned Growth
Promoters in Meat Producing Animals 339
Bruno LeBizec,Jean-Philippe Antignac andGaud Pinel
1. Introduction 339
2. ChemicalProperties, Health effects 340
3. Analytical Methods 342
4. OccurrenceinFoods 357
5. FutureTrends 358
References 358