Focal Therapy in Prostate Cancer

201 Pages·2011·3.06 MB·English

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Focal Therapy in Prostate Cancer
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Focal Therapy in
Prostate Cancer
EDITED BY
Hashim U Ahmed MRCS, BM, BCh, BA(Hons)
DivisionofSurgeryandInterventionalScience
UniversityCollegeLondon
London,UK
Manit Arya FRCS, FRCS(Urol)
DepartmentofUrology
UniversityCollegeLondon
London,UK
Peter Carroll
DepartmentofUrology
UniversityofCalifornia
SanFrancisco,CA,USA
Mark Emberton
DivisionofSurgeryandInterventionalScience
UniversityCollegeLondon
London,UK
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Focaltherapyinprostatecancer/editedbyHashimU.Ahmed...[etal.].
p.;cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN-13:978-1-4051-9649-9(hardcover:alk.paper)
ISBN-10:1-4051-9649-1(hardcover:alk.paper)
1. Prostate–Cancer–Surgery.2. Cancer–Diagnosis.I. Ahmed,HashimUddin.
[DNLM:1. ProstaticNeoplasms–surgery.2. AblationTechniques.3. NeoplasmStaging.WJ762]
RC280.P7F632012
616.99’463–dc23 2011015318
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Thisbookispublishedinthefollowingelectronicformats:ePDF9781444346862;WileyOnline
Library9781444346893;ePub9781444346879;Mobi9781444346886
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1 2012
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Contents
ContributorList,vii
Preface,xi
SectionI IstherearoleforFocalTherapyinLocalised
ProstateCancer?,1
1 TheRationaleforFocalTherapyofProstateCancer,3
ColeDavis,MatthewCooperberg,andPeterR.Carroll
2 FactorsThatAffectPatients’ChoiceofTreatment,11
DebFeldman-StewartandMichaelD.Brundage
3 HistologicalTrendsandtheIndexLesioninLocalized
ProstateCancer,17
VladimirMouraviev,ThomasWheeler,andThomasJ.Polascik
4 SelectionCriteriaforProstateCancerFocalTherapy,29
RajatK.Jain,TimothyK.Ito,andSamirS.Taneja
SectionII Howcanweaccuratelylocatecancerwithin
thegland?,37
5 LocalisationofCancerwithintheGland:BiopsyStrategies,39
WinstonEBarzellandRodrigoPinochet
6 LocalisationofCancerwithintheGland:UltrasoundImaging,47
UlrichScheipers
7 LocalizationofCancerwithintheProstate:Dynamic
Contrast-EnhancedMRI,55
PhilippePuech,AnwarPadhani,LaurentLemaitre,
NacimBetrouni,PierreColin,andArnauldVillers
8 LocalizationofCancerwithintheGland:Diffusion-Weighted
MagneticResonanceImagingoftheProstate,66
SophieFRiches,NinaTunariu,andNanditaMdeSouza
9 ThefutureofMolecularandBiomolecularImagingin
ProstateCancer,75
MichaelS.GeeandMukeshG.Harisinghani
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vi Contents
SectionIII Howcanwecreatediscretetissuenecrosis?,85
10 EnergiesforFocalAblation:Cryoablation,87
JohnF.Ward
11 FocalSalvageCryoablationinRecurrentProstateCancer,98
KatsutoShinohara
12 High-IntensityFocusedUltrasound,106
HashimUddinAhmedandMarkEmberton
13 EnergiesforFocalAblation:PhotodynamicTherapy,114
CarolineM.Moore,NimalanArumainayagamandMarkEmberton
14 FocalTherapyforProstateCancerUsingRadiation,126
IrvingKaplan,ElizabethGenegaandNeilRofsky
15 ImageRegistrationandFusionforImage-GuidedFocalAblation,132
DeanBarrattandDavidHawkes
SectionIV Howcanwedeterminethesuccessof
FocalTherapy?,143
16 DeterminingSuccessofFocalTherapy:Biochemical
andBiopsyStrategies,145
AlBarqawi,PaulMaroni,andDavidCrawford
17 DeterminingSuccessofFocalTherapy:Imaging,153
AlexKirkhamandClareAllen
18 EvaluatingFocalTherapy:FuturePerspectives,170
HashimUddinAhmedandMarkEmberton
Index,179
Colourplatesectioncanbefoundfacingpage116
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Contributor List
HashimU.AhmedMRCS,BM,BCh, NacimBetrouniPhD
BA(Hons) INSERM
MRCClinicianScientistinUro-Oncology UniversityofLilleNorddeFrance
ClinicalLecturerinUrology Lille,France
DivisionofSurgeryandInterventionalSciences
UniversityCollegeLondon MichaelD.BrundageMSc,
London,UK FRCPC,MD
Professor
ClareAllenMD,FRCR,BM,BCh DepartmentofOncologyandDepartmentof
ConsultantRadiologist CommunityHealthandEpidemiology
DepartmentofRadiology Queen’sUniversity;and
UniversityCollegeLondonHospitalsNHS RadiationOncologist
FoundationTrust CancerCentreofSoutheasternOntario
London,UK Kingston,ON,Canada
NimalanArumainayagamMD Director
SpecialistRegistrarinUrology DivisionofCancerCareandEpidemiology
DivisionofSurgeryandInterventionalSciences CancerResearchInstitute
UniversityCollegeLondon Queen’sUniversity
London,UK Kingston,ON,Canada
DeanC.BarrattPhD
PeterR.CarrollMD,MPH
SeniorLecturerinMedicalImageComputing
ProfessorandChair
UCLCentreforMedicalImageComputing
DepartmentofUrology
UniversityCollegeLondon
UCSFHelenDillerFamilyComprehensive
London,UK
CancerCenter
UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco
AlB.BarqawiMD,FRCS SanFrancisco,CA,USA
AssociateProfessorofSurgery/Urology
DirectorofProstateCancerFellowshipProgram PierreColinMD
DivisionofUrology ChefdecliniqueAssistant
UniversityofColoradoDenverSchoolof DepartmentofUrology
Medicine CHRULille,UniversityofLilleNorddeFrance
Aurora,CO,USA Lille,France
WinstonE.BarzellMD, MatthewCooperbergMD,MPH
FRCS,FACS AssistantProfessor
ClinicalAssistantProfessor DepartmentofUrology
FSUCollegeofMedicine UCSFHelenDillerFamilyComprehensive
UrologyTreatmentCenter CancerCenter
Sarasota,FL,USA UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco
SanFrancisco,CA,USA
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viii ContributorList
E.DavidCrawfordMD MichaelS.GeeMD,PhD
ProfessorofSurgery/Urology/Radiation AssistantRadiologist
Oncology AbdominalImagingandInterventional
HeadUrologicOncology Radiology
E.DavidCrawfordEndowedChairinUrologic MassachusettsGeneralHospital
Oncology HarvardMedicalSchool
UniversityofColorado,Denver Boston,MA,USA
Aurora,CO,USA
AssistantProfessor
ColeDavisMD
TheUniversityofTexas
ClinicalOncologyFellow MDAndersonCancerCenter
DepartmentofUrology Houston,TX,USA
UCSFHelenDillerFamilyComprehensive
CancerCenter
DavidJ.HawkesPhD,CPhys,
UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco
FMedSci,FREng,FInstP,FIPEM
SanFrancisco,CA,USA
DirectoroftheUCLCentreforMedicalImage
Computing
NanditaM.deSouzaBSc,MBBS,MD,
UniversityCollegeLondon
FRCP,FRCR
London,UK
ProfessorofTranslationalImaging
InstituteofCancerResearchandRoyalMarsden
MukeshG.HarisinghaniMD
Hospital
DirectorofAbdominalMRI
London,UK
AssociateProfessorofRadiology
DepartmentofRadiology
MarkEmbertonFRCS(Urol),FRCS,
HarvardUniversity
MD,MBBS,BSc
Boston,MA,USA
ProfessorofInterventionalOncologyand
HonoraryConsultantUrologicalSurgeon
TimothyK.Ito
DivisionofSurgeryandInterventionalScience
ResidentinUrology
UniversityCollegeLondon
DivisionofUrologicOncology
London,UK
DepartmentofUrology
NewYorkUniversityLangoneMedicalCenter
NIHRUCL/UCHComprehensiveBiomedical
NewYork,NY,USA
ResearchCentre
London,UK
RajatK.Jain
ResidentinUrology
DebFeldman-StewartPhD
NewYorkUniversityLangoneMedicalCenter
CognitivePsychologist
SchoolofMedicine
DivisionofCancerCareandEpidemiology
NewYork,NY,USA
CancerResearchInstitute
Queen’sUniversity
IrvingKaplanMD
Kingston,ON,Canada
AssistantProfessorRadiationOncology
HarvardMedicalSchool
Professor
Boston,MA,USA
DepartmentofOncology
Queen’sUniversity BethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenter
Kingston,ON,Canada Boston,MA,USA
ElizabethM.GenegaMD AlexKirkhamBM,BCh,FRCS,
Staffpathologist FRCR,MD
BethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenter ConsultantRadiologist
Boston,MA,USA DepartmentofRadiology
AssistantProfessor UniversityCollegeLondonHospitalsNHS
HarvardMedicalSchool FoundationTrust
Boston,MA,USA London,UK
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ContributorList ix
LaurentLemaitreMD,PhD PhilippePuechMD,PhD
Professor AssociateprofessorofRadiology
DepartmentofRadiology CHRULille
UniversityofLilleNorddeFrance UniversityofLilleNorddeFrance
Lille,France Lille,France
PaulD.MaroniMD INSERM
AssistantProfessor UniversityofLilleNorddeFrance
DivisionofUrology Lille,France
DepartmentofSurgery
UniversityofColoradoSchoolofMedicine NeilRofskyMD
Aurora,CO,USA ProfessorofRadiology
DepartmentofRadiology
CarolineM.MooreMD,MRCS(Ed) BethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenter
ClinicalLecturerinUrology Boston,MA,USA
UniversityCollegeLondonandUniversity
CollegeLondonHopsitalsNHSTrust SophieF.RichesMPhysMsc
London,UK ClinicalPhysicist
InstituteofCancerResearchandRoyalMarsden
VladimirMouravievMD Hospital
ClinicalFellowInstructor London,UK
UrologyDivision
DepartmentofSurgery UlrichScheipersPhD
UniversityofCincinnati TomTecImagingSystemsGmbH
CollegeofMedicine Unterschleissheim,Germany
Cincinnati,OH Ruhr-UniversityBochum,Bochum,Germany
KatsutoShinoharaMD
AnwarPadhaniMBBS
HelenDillerFamilyChairinClinicalUrology
ConsultantinRadiology
Professor,DepartmentofUrologyandRadiation
PaulStricklandImagingCentre
Oncology
MountVernonCancerCentre
UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco
Northwood,Middlesex,UK
SanFrancisco,CA,USA
RodrigoPinochetMD
SamirS.TanejaMD
UrologicOncologyFellow
JamesM.NeissaandJanetRihaNeissa
MemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenter
AssociateProfessorofUrologicOncology
NewYork,NY,USA
Director,DivisionofUrologicOncology
DepartmentofUrology
AssociateInstructor
GUProgramLeader,NewYorkUniversity
DepartmentofUrology
CancerInstitute
PontificiaUniversidadCatolicadeChile
NewYorkUniversityLangoneMedicalCenter
Santiago,Chile
NewYork,NY,USA
LouisL.PistersMD
Chief
ProfessorofUrology
UrologySection
TheUniversityofTexasMDAndersonCancer
VeteransAdministration
Center
NewYorkHarborHealthcareSystem
Houston,TX,USA
(Manhattancampus)
NewYork,NYUSA
ThomasJ.PolascikMD,FACS
DirectorofUrologicOncology
NinaTunariuMD
DukeCancerInstitute
SpecialistRegistrarinRadiology
DukeUniversityMedicalCenter
InstituteofCancerResearchandRoyalMarsden
Durham,NC,USA
Hospital
London,UK
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x ContributorList
ArnauldVillersMD,PhD TheUniversityofTexas
ProfessorinUrology MDAndersonCancerCenter
DepartmentofUrology Houston,TX,USA
CHRULille,UniversityofLilleNorddeFrance
Lille,France ThomasM.WheelerMD
HarlanJ.SpjutProfessorandChair
JohnF.WardMD,FACS DepartmentofPathologyandImmunology
AssistantProfessor BaylorCollegeofMedicine
DepartmentofUrology Houston,TX,USA
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Preface to the first edition
The diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of prostate cancer is one of the
mostexcitingareasofmedicalresearchinourmodernage.Veryfewcon-
ditions or diseases have caused as much controversy and debate in the
medical and popular literature. The manner in which we currently diag-
noseandtreatprostatecancerseemstoleadtoeverincreasingcosttothe
individualpatient,tohisfamily,andtohealthcaresystemsingeneral,but
with great uncertainty over the benefits. The entire pathway has come
into question, based as it is on inherent inaccuracy and lack of precision
in locating, targeting, and treating the malignant tumor. Almost all other
solid organ cancers rely on visualizing the cancer, sampling it accurately,
anddeliveringtherapyonlytothatareawhichrequiresit.
Focal therapy in prostate cancer supports a similar, albeit belated,
paradigmshift.Suchachangereliesonaccurateimaging,accuratebiopsy,
and accurate destruction of the cancer while minimizing collateral dam-
age and preserving as much normal tissue as possible. What are the ben-
efits? We may have an isoeffective treatment that carries less harm to
theindividualmaninamorecost-effectivewaythatbenefitssociety.The
challenges are tremendous—locating cancers in a walnut-sized organ is
noteasy—ablatingareastomillimeteraccuracyandensuringtheremain-
der of the tissue does not develop new cancers which progress into life-
threatening disease. This book is written by international experts at the
forefrontofimagingandfocaltherapyofprostatecancerandwillprovide
thereaderwithacomprehensivescientificapproachtotheaspirationsand
challengesoffocaltherapy.
HashimU.Ahmed
ManitArya
PeterCarroll
MarkEmberton
November2011
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