Flora of Bhutan : including a record of plants from Sikkim. Volume 2, Part 2 [Angiospermae: Umberlliferae - Labiatae]

617 Pages·1999·29.1 MB·English

by  Grierson, Andrew J. C., VerfasserIn. HerausgeberIn

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FLORA OF
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gaZR)I&JGA RECORD OF PLANTS
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J. C. GRIERSON & D. G. LONG
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ONS BY MARY BATES
W B N I C G ARDEN EDINBURGH
CO-NT OF BHUTM
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FLORA OF
BHUTAN
INCLUDING A RECORD OF PLANTS
FROM SIIUUM AND DARJEELING
VOLUME 2 PART 2
A. J. C. GRIERSON & D. G. LONG
EDITED BY D. G. LONG
ILLUSTRATIONS BY MARY BATES
ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN EDINBURGH
ROYAL GOVERNMENT O F BHUTAN
1999
This volume is dedicated to
His Majesty, King Jigme Singye Wangchuk, the fourth Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan,
in the year of his Silver Jubilee, 1999
Published by the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK and
the Royal Government of Bhutan
ORoyal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and Royal Government of Bhutan 1999
ISBN 1 872291 43 0
Typeset, printed and bound by
The Charlesworth Group, Huddersfield, UK, 01 484 5 17077
CONTENTS
List of figures ....................................................................................................... iv
Introduction ....................................................................................................4..2..7
Acknowledgements ............................................................................................4. 27
Bibliography ........................................................................................................4 28
Abbreviations ...................................................................................................4.3..3
ANGIOSPERMAE continued (Dicotyledons continued)
144. Umbelliferae (M.F. Watson) ... 434 1 59 . Loganiaceae ( D.G. Long) ....... 600
150. Myrsinaceae (D.G. Long & 159a. Strychnaceae (D.G. Long) .... 601
S.J. Rae) ..............................5. 04 160. Gentianaceae ( E . Aitken) ........ 602
151. Primulaceae (E. Aitken, A.J.C. 161 . Menyanthaceae (E. Aitken) .... 656
Grierson & D.G. Long) ....... 5 15 162. Apocynaceae (M.F. Watson) ... 657
152. Plumbaginaceae (S.J. Rae & 163. Asclepiadaceae ( M.F. Watson) 687
E . Aitken) ...........................5. 69 164. Rubiaceae (L.S. Springate,
153. Sapotaceae (D.G. Long & R.R. Mill, J.R.I. Wood,
S.J. Rae) ............................... 572 J . Wright & D.G. Long) ...... 733
154. Sarcospermataceae 165. Convolvulaceae (R.R. Mill ) .... 834
(D.G. Long) ........................5 74 166. Cuscutaceae ( R.R. Mill ) ......... 862
155. Ebenaceae (D.G. Long & 167. Boraginaceae ( R.R. Mill ) ........ 865
S.J. Rae) ............................... 575 168. Verbenaceae (D.G. Long &
1 56 . Styracaceae (D.G. Long) ........ 578 S.J. Rae) ............................... 911
157. Symplocaceae (D.G. Long) ..... 580 169. Callitrichaceae (D.G. Long) .... 937
158. Oleaceae (M.F. Watson) .........5 84 170. Labiatae (R.A. Clement) ......... 938
Index of botanical names ................................................................................1..0.0 3
Index of common names .................................................................................1..0. 31
FIGURES
48 . Umbelliferae .................................................................................................. 445
49 . Umbelliferae .................................................................................................. 453
50 . Umbelliferae .................................................................................................. 465
5 1 . Umbelliferae ..............................................................................................4..8..5
52 . Umbelliferae ..............................................................................................4..9..7
53 . Myrsinaceae ...............................................................................................5..0..9
54 . Primulaceae ................................................................................................5.2..9
55 . Primulaceae ................................................................................................5.4..3
56 . Primulaceae ...............................................................................................5..5..9
57 . Plumbaginaceae, Sapotaceae and Sarcospermataceae .................................. 571
58 . Ebenaceae, Styracaceae and Symplocaceae ..................................................5.7 7
59 . Oleaceae .....................................................................................................5..8.9.
60 . Oleaceae, Loganiaceae, Strychnaceae and Gentianaceae ..............................5 99
6 1. Gentianaceae ..............................................................................................6..0.5
62 . Gentianaceae ..............................................................................................6.1..3
63. Gentianaceae ..............................................................................................6.3..9
64 . Gentianaceae and Menyanthaceae ..............................................................6.5. 7
65 . Apocynaceae ..............................................................................................6..6.5.
66 . Apocynaceae .............................................................................................6..7..3.
67 . Apocynaceae ...............................................................................................6..8.1
68 . Asclepiadaceae ............................................................................................... 693
69 . Asclepiadaceae ...........................................................................................7..0..3
70 . Asclepiadaceae ...........................................................................................7..2.1.
7 1. Rubiaceae ...................................................................................................7.4..3
72 . Rubiaceae ...................................................................................................... 753
73 . Rubiaceae ...................................................................................................... 773
74 . Rubiaceae ...................................................................................................... 789
75 . Rubiaceae ...................................................................................................... 815
76 . Rubiaceae and Callitrichaceae ...................................................................... 821
77 . Convolvulaceae .............................................................................................. 839
78 . Convolvulaceae .............................................................................................. 847
79 . Convolvulaceae and Cuscutaceae .................................................................. 859
80 . Boraginaceae ................................................................................................. 873
8 1. Boraginaceae ................................................................................................. 881
82 . Boraginaceae ................................................................................................. 895
83. Boraginaceae ............................................................................................... 905
84 . Verbenaceae ................................................................................................... 915
85 . Verbenaceae ...................................................................................................9 29
86 . Labiatae ....................................................................................................9..4.5.
87 . Labiatae ....................................................................................................9..5.7
88 . Labiatae .......................................................................................................9. 69
89 . Labiatae ........................................................................................................9.8 7

INTRODUCTION
Most of the research for this part of the Floru oJ' Bhutun was completed
between 1990 and 1993 but, due to financial constraints, publication has not
been possible until now. The volume contains several large and important
families, in particular Umbelliferae, Primulaceae, Gentianaceae, Asclepiadaceae,
Rubiaceae, Boraginaceae and Labiatae. Among these the families Primulaceae
and Gentianaceae contain many species highly valued as ornamental 'alpines'
in the West; many of these species are endemic to the East Himalaya or Bhutan.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The editor of this volume of the Flora of Bhutan wishes to thank the following
people and organisations who have contributed to its completion and have
given support to the project:
The authors of taxonomic accounts for their patience and understanding of the
constraints which have led to such a lengthy delay in publication: Eona M. Atken,
Robert R. Mill, Sally J. Rae, Lawrie S. Springate, Mark F. Watson, John R.I. Wood
and Jenny Wright. It is with great sadness that we record the untimely death of
Rose A. Clement (nee Gng), the author of the account of Labiatae.
The Foreign Ministry of the Royal Danish Government has generously provided
the much-needed funding to secure completion of the Flora, through their foreign
aid programme (DANIDA). Ths part is the first to be published under ths new
regme and we would like to thank those who have made this possible: Elsebeth
Tarp and Nils Kjralsen in Denmark, and Margot Mraller Nielsen in Bhutan.
We continue to value the support of the Royal Government of Bhutan, in
particular Lyonpo Jigmi Thinley (Foreign Minister), and the Minister of
Agriculture, Lyonpo Dr Kinzang Dorji and his predecessor Lyonpo Khandu
Wangchuk who enabled the Flora Completion Project to become a reality. We
would also like to thank staff of the National Herbarium and National
Biodiversity Program for their interest and contribution of specimens and
unpublished information on Bhutanese plants, in particular Karma Tshering,
Rebecca Pradhan, Tandin Wangdi and Yeshey Dorji.
During the period when this volume was researched and written, most of the
costs and facilities were provided by the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. We
would therefore like to thank the following colleagues: Professor David Ingram,
Dr David Mann, B.L. Burtt and H.J. Noltie. Thanks are also due to Mary
Bates who has undertaken all the plates for this part.
We also acknowledge the Friends of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
for financial support for production of the plates. During this period consider-
able additional financial assistance was provided by the Headley Trust, London;
the Artois-Spoelberch Foundation, Belgium; and Mikinori Ogisu, Kamitakaido,
Japan. Without their generous support the work could not have been completed.
The Directors and Curators of the herbaria at the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew and the Natural History Museum, London have continued to provide
facilities for study-visits and many very large loans of specimens. The staff of
these organisations are also thanked for regular taxonomic advice and assistance,
as are the following specialists for advice on particular families: David Middleton
(Apocynaceae), Ian Hedge (Labiatae), George Staples (Convolvulaceae), Peter
S. Green (Oleaceae) and Jennifer Woods (Umbelliferae).
Other botanists, horticulturists and friends who have supported the project
over many years include Ron McBeath, Chris Brickell, Roy Lancaster, Keith
Rushforth, Tony Schilling, Professor W.T. Stearn, Simon Bowes Lyon, Chris
Parker and John Wood.
Finally, the editor wishes to thank Henry Noltie for his dedication and
leadership of the Flora ofBhutan project through recent years, and Eona Aitken,
Sally Rae, Kim Howell and Norma Gregory for technical and editorial help
with this part.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The bibliography is divided into three parts:
Part 1: References for Volume 2 Part 2 repeated from earlier volumes.
Brandis, D. 1906. Indian Trees. London: Constable & Co.
Cowan, A.M. & Cowan, J.M. 1929. The Trees of Northern Bengal. Calcutta:
Bengal Secretariat Book Depot.
Deb, D.B., Sen Gupta, G. & Malick, K.C. 1969. A Contribution to the Flora
of Bhutan. Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal22(2): 169-217.
Fletcher, H.R. 1975. A Quest for Flocvers. The Plant Explomtions of Frank
Ludlow and George Sherrifl.' Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Gamble, J.S. 1902. A Manual of Indian Timbers, 2nd edn. London: Sampson
low, Marston & Co.
Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. 1978. Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan:
I. Notes R. B. G. Edinburgh 36: 139- 150.
Handel-Mazzetti, H. 1938. Plantae novae tibeticae et bhutanicae in herbario
musei britannici. J. Bot. (London) 76: 281-292.
Hara, H. (ed.) 1967. The Flora of Eustern Hi1waluya. Tokyo: University
of Tokyo.
Hara, H. (ed.) 1971. Flora of Eastern Himalaya. Second Report. B~illrtino f
the University Museun~,U niversity qf Tokyo 2: 1 --393.
Hara, H. & Williams, L.H.J. 1979. An Enun~enrtioq~f ~t he Flol~leringP lants
of Ncpcrl. Volume 2. London: British Museum (Natural History).