Fish Diseases and Disorders: Volume 3: Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections

941 Pages·2011·14.58 MB·English

by  Patrick T. K. Woo

Fish Diseases and Disorders, Volume 3:
Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections,
2nd Edition
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Fish Diseases and Disorders,
Volume 3: Viral, Bacterial
and Fungal Infections,
2nd Edition
Edited by
Patrick T.K. Woo
Department of Integrative Biology
College of Biological Science
University of Guelph
Guelph, Ontario
Canada
and
David W. Bruno
Marine Scotland
375 Victoria Road
PO Box 101
Aberdeen AB11 9DB
Scotland
UK
CABI is a trading name of CAB International
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© CAB International 2011. All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically,
mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the
prior permission of the copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
London, UK
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fish diseases and disorders.–2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-10: 0-85199-015-0 (alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-0-85199-015-6 (alk. paper)
1. Fishes–Diseases. 2. Fishes–Infections. I. Woo, P.T.K. II. Title.
SH171.F562 2006
639.3–dc22
2005018533
ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 554 2
Commissioning editor: Rachel Cutts
Production editor: Kate Hill
Typeset by AMA Dataset, Preston, UK.
Printed and bound in the UK by the MPG Books Group.
Contents
Contributors vii
Preface to the 1st Edition ix
Preface to the 2nd Edition x
1. Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis and Associated Aquatic Birnaviruses 1
Eann S. Munro and Paul J. Midtlyng
2. Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus 66
Linda M. Bootland and Jo-Ann C. Leong
3. Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia 110
David A. Smail and Mike Snow
4. Infectious Salmon Anaemia 143
Espen Rimstad, Ole B. Dale, Birgit H. Dannevig and Knut Falk
5. Viral Diseases and Agents of Warmwater Fish 166
Motohiko Sano, Toshihiro Nakai and Nikola Fijan (Deceased)
6. Salmonid Alphaviruses 245
David A. Graham and Marian F. McLoughlin
7. Oncogenic Viruses and Oncorhynchus masou Virus 276
Mamoru Yoshimizu and Hisae Kasai
8. Piscirickettsia, Francisella and Epitheliocystis 302
Kristen D. Arkush and Jerri L. Bartholomew
9. Bacterial Kidney Disease (Renibacterium salmoninarum) 338
Gregory D. Wiens
v
vi Contents
10. E nterococcus seriolicida and Streptococcus spp.
(S. iniae, S. agalactiae and S. dysgalactiae) 375
Fulvio Salati
11. Mycobacteriosis and Nocardiosis 397
Suppalak Lewis and Supranee Chinabut
12. Furunculosis and Other Aeromonad Diseases 424
Rocco C. Cipriano and Brian Austin
13. Enteric Redmouth Disease (ERM) (Yersinia ruckeri) 484
Andrew C. Barnes
14. Edwardsiella Septicaemias 512
Joyce J. Evans, Phillip H. Klesius, John A. Plumb and Craig A. Shoemaker
15. Vibriosis 570
Luis A. Actis, Marcelo E. Tolmasky and Jorge H. Crosa
16. F lavobacterial Diseases: Columnaris Disease, Coldwater Disease
and Bacterial Gill Disease 606
Clifford E. Starliper and William B. Schill
17. Pasteurellosis and Other Bacterial Diseases 632
James G. Daly and Takashi Aoki
18. Saprolegnia and Other Oomycetes 669
David W. Bruno, Pieter Van West and Gordon W. Beakes
19. Ichthyophonus 721
Alasdair H. McVicar
20. Shellfi sh Diseases (Viral, Bacterial and Fungal) 748
Sharon E. McGladdery
21. Genomics of Fish and Shellfi sh Microbial Pathogens 855
Takashi Aoki, Ikuo Hirono, Jun-ichi Hikima and Mudjekeewis D. Santos
Glossary 878
Index 903
Contributors
Luis A. Actis, Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
Takashi Aoki, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of
Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
Kristen D. Arkush, Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California-Davis, PO Box 247,
Bodega Bay, CA 94923, USA
Brian Austin, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
Andrew C. Barnes, The University of Queensland, Centre for Marine Studies and School of
Biological Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
Jerri L. Bartholomew, Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis,
OR 97331-3804, USA
Gordon W. Beakes, Newcastle University, School of Biology, Ridley Building, King’s Walk,
Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
Linda M. Bootland, RR#1, Crapaud, Prince Edward Island C0A 1J0, Canada
David W. Bruno, Marine Scotland, 375 Victoria Road, PO Box 101, Aberdeen AB11 9DB,
Scotland, UK
Supranee Chinabut, Inland Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Department of
Fisheries, Ladyao, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Rocco C. Cipriano, US Geological Survey, National Fish Health Research Laboratory,
11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
Jorge H. Crosa, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medi-
cine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201-3098, USA
Ole B. Dale, National Veterinary Institute, PO Box 8156 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
James G. Daly, School of Natural and Social Sciences, Purchase College, State University
of New York, Purchase, NY 10577, USA
Birgit H. Dannevig, National Veterinary Institute, PO Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway
Joyce J. Evans, USDA/ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, 118B South
Lynchburg Street, Chestertown, MD 21620, USA
Knut Falk, National Veterinary Institute, PO Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway
Nikola Fijan, (deceased) Department of Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, College of
Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, PO Box 190, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
David A. Graham, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-food and Biosciences Institute of
Northern Ireland (AFBINI), Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK
vii
viii Contributors
Jun-ichi Hikima, Gyeongsang National University, Gajwa-dong, 900, Jinju, Gyeongnam,
South Korea 660-70
Ikuo Hirono, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of
Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
Hisae Kasai, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato 3-1-1, Hakodate,
Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
Phillip H. Klesius, USDA/ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, 990 Wire
Road, Auburn, AL 36831, USA
Jo-Ann C. Leong, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and
Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, PO Box 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
Suppalak Lewis, Inland Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Department of Fisher-
ies, Ladyao, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Sharon E. McGladdery, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Saint Andrews Biological
Station, 531 Brandy Cove Road, Saint Andrews, New Brunswick E5B 2L9, Canada
Marian F. McLoughlin, Aquatic Veterinary Services, 35 Cherryvalley Park, Belfast BT5
6PN, Northern Ireland, UK
Alasdair H. McVicar, Garien Fish Health, Westray, Orkney KW17 2DN, Scotland, UK
Paul J. Midtlyng, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, PO Box 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo,
Norway
Eann S. Munro, Marine Scotland, 375 Victoria Road, PO Box 101, Aberdeen AB11 9DB,
Scotland, UK
Toshihiro Nakai, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-
Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
John A. Plumb, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Swingle Hall, Auburn
University, Auburn, AL 36831, USA
Espen Rimstad, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, PO Box 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo,
Norway
Fulvio Salati, Fish Disease and Aquaculture Centre, IZS of Sardinia, State Veterinary Institute,
Via Parigi s.n., 09170 Oristano, Italy
Motohiko Sano, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Agency,
Minami-Ise, Mie 516-0193, Japan
Mudjekeewis D. Santos, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 940 Quezon
Ave, Quezon City, 1103 Philippines
William B. Schill, USGS Leetown Science Center, National Fish Health Research Laboratory,
11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
Craig A. Shoemaker, USDA/ARS Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, 990 Wire
Road, Auburn, AL 36831, USA
David A. Smail, Marine Scotland, 375 Victoria Road, PO Box 101, Aberdeen AB11 9DB,
Scotland, UK
Mike Snow, Marine Scotland, 375 Victoria Road, PO Box 101, Aberdeen AB11 9DB,
Scotland, UK
Clifford E. Starliper, USGS Leetown Science Center, National Fish Health Research
Laboratory, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
Marcelo E. Tolmasky, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Department of Biological
Science, California State University Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA
Pieter Van West, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen Oomycete Group, Institute of Medical
Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
Gregory D. Wiens, USDA/ARS National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture,
11861 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
Mamoru Yoshimizu, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato 3-1-1,
Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
Preface to the 1st Edition
This comprehensive volume covers the major viral, bacterial and fungal diseases in fi n- and
shellfi shes. It completes the three-volume series on fi sh diseases and disorders; Volume I
(published in 1995) is on parasitic diseases in fi n- and shellfi shes while Volume II (pub-
lished in 1998) deals with non-infectious disorders in fi nfi sh. Reviews in the three volumes
are written by international authorities that are actively working in the area or have contrib-
uted greatly to our understanding of specifi c piscine diseases or disorders. Authors in the
present book are experts on infectious microbial diseases, and are from North America,
Europe and Asia.
As in Volumes I and II, the principal audience of this volume is research scientists in
the aquaculture industry and universities, fi sh health consultants and managers of govern-
ment fi sh health laboratories. This volume is also appropriate for graduate and senior
undergraduate students interested in microbial diseases of fi sh.
The secondary audience includes parasitologists and environmental toxicologists who
may wish to initiate research programmes on the combined effects of microbial and para-
sitic infections on fi sh health and the synergistic effects of pollutants on microbial diseases.
We expect this secondary audience to increase as it becomes evident that this combined
effect can have a great impact on fi sh health and production and that fi sh health can also be
used as an indicator of problems in the aquatic ecosystem.
We would like to thank Dr R.M.W. Stevenson, Department of Microbiology, University
of Guelph, for her advice during the planning of this book.
Patrick T.K. Woo
David W. Bruno
ix