FISH 336 Introduction to Aquaculture

94 Pages·2012·3.57 MB·English

by  Scott Smiley

Review
Cell Cycle Phases, G2 Arrest & Gametogenesis
Meiosis, Diploid 2n4c Cell vs. Haploid 1n1c Gamete
Hormone Control - Spermatogenesis vs. Oogenesis
Fertilization – Blocks to Polyspermy
Animal Life Cycle Model
Cleavage Stage – Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Ratio
Blastula Stage – Hollow Ball of Cells
Mid Blastula Transition – Genome Turns On
Gastrula – Form 3 Tissue Layers
Review
Larval Classifications
By Food: Lecithotropic vs. Planktotropic
By Development: Direct vs. Indirect
Ecological: r and K Selected
Metamorphosis
Change to the Body Plan
Radical Rearrangement of Tissues
Degree of Transformation Highly Variable
Carp Breeding I
Existing Strains Removed from Wild

Carp Can Breed Throughout the Year

Carp Are Seasonal Breeders – Spring

Spawn After Dark or Early Morning

Segregate Sexes to Prevent Spawning

Eggs Laid on Foliage near Water Surface
Carp Breeding II
Induce Spawn: Transfer to Spawning Ponds
Fibrous Materials Substitutes for Foliage

Tropical Carp Breed 2 - 4x / yr
Temperate Zones –Pituitary Gland Extracts

Contains Gonadotrophic Hormones
Used to Provoke Natural Spawning or
Aid in Stripping Gametes.

Move Fertilized Spawn to Hatching Ponds
Carp Pituitary Removal
Zebrafish Pituitary
Hormones From Fish Anterior Pituitary
Gonadotropin I (GTH-I) –
Sequence Orthologous to FSH – αβ Chains
Gonadotropin II (GTH-II) –
Sequence Orthologous to LH – αβ Chains
Other Hormones
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) – αβ Chains
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)
3 Pro-opiomelanocortin Hormones (POMC)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH
Lipotropic Hormone (LPH)
β-endorphin
Fish Hormonal Control Over Reproduction
Gonadotropins GTH-I and GTH-II

GTH-I - Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Causes Ovary to Make LH Receptors

GTH-II - Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Stimulates Ovary to Make Progesterone (P4)
Directs Ovulation & Corpus Luteum Formation
Testis to Make Testosterone (T)

Progesterone & Testosterone - Steroid Hormones
Testosterone –Maturation of Spermatogonia
Progesterone – Maturation of Oogonia
Pituitary Gland Hormones
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) in Both ♂ & ♀
♀ LH Stimulates Ovary to make Progesterone
Directs Ovulation & Corpus Luteum Formation
♂ LH Stimulates Testis to make Testosterone

LH is a GlycoProtein Hormone with α and β Chains
Gonad Target Tissue Produces Steroid Hormone
Comparative Endocrinology
Starfish Fish
Releasing Hormone GSS LH GTH-II
or
Location CNS CNS
Type Protein Protein
Target Gonads Gonads
Releases MIS MIS