First Philosophy: Lectures 1923/24 and Related Texts from the Manuscripts (1920-1925)

722 Pages·2019·3.795 MB·English

by  Edmund Husserl, S. Luft, Thane M. Naberhaus

EDMUND HUSSERL
FIRST PHILOSOPHY

LECTURES 1923/24
AND RELATED TEXTS FROM
THE MANUSCRIPTS (1920-1925)
TRANSLATED BY

SEBASTIAN LUFT THANE M. NABERHAUS
AND
FIRST PHILOSOPHY
LECTURES 1923/24
AND RELATED TEXTS FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS (1920-1925)
EDMUND HUSSERL
COLLECTED WORKS
EDITOR:
JULIA JANSEN
VOLUME XIV
FIRST PHILOSOPHY
LECTURES 1923/24
AND RELATED TEXTS FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS (1920-1925)
TRANSLATIONS
PREPARED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF
THE HUSSERL-ARCHIVES (LEUVEN)
More information about this series at
http://www.springer.com/series/6059
EDMUND HUSSERL
FIRST PHILOSOPHY
Lectures 1923/24
and Related Texts from the Manuscripts (1920-1925)
TRANSLATED BY
SEBASTIAN LUFT
THANE M. NABERHAUS
Edmund Husserl (deceased)
Translated by
Sebastian Luft Thane M. Naberhaus
D epartment of Philosophy Department of Philosophy
Marquette University Mount St. Mary’s University
Milwaukee, WI, USA Emmitsburg, MD, USA
Husserliana: Edmund Husserl – Collected Works
ISBN 978-94-024-1595-7 ISBN 978-94-024-1597-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1597-1

Library of Congress Control Number: 2018967963

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TABLEOFCONTENTS
IntroductiontotheTranslation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
EdmundHusserl
FirstPhilosophy
Lectures1923/24
andRelatedTextsfromtheManuscripts(1920–1925)
PartOne. CriticalHistoryofIdeas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
SectionOne. FromPlato’sIdeaofPhilosophytotheBeginningsofits
ModernRealizationinDescartes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
ChapterOne. TheIdeaofPhilosophyanditsHistoricalOrigin . . 3
Lecture1. OntheHistoricalTaskofGivingPhenomenology
theDevelopmentalFormofFirstPhilosophy . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Lecture2. Plato’sDialecticandtheIdeaofaPhilosophical
Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
ChapterTwo. TheGroundingofLogicandtheLimitsof
Formal-ApophanticAnalytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Lecture3. TheAristotelian-Stoic-TraditionalLogicasaLogic
ofConsistencyorConcordance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Lecture4. Excursus:OntheUniversalLogicofConsequence
asAnalyticMathematics,theCorrelativeTreatmentof
FormalOntology,andtheProblemofaLogicofTruth . . . . 26
ChapterThree. FirstReflectionsOnCognizingSubjectivity,
MotivatedbySophisticSkepticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Lecture5. TheDiscoveryoftheCognitionofIdeasandthe
GreekOriginsofthePhilosophical,RationalSciences. . . . . 33
Lecture6. TheDemandforaTheoryofKnowledgeImpliedin
thePlatonicIdeaofDialectics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Lecture7. SystematicSketchoftheFullIdeaofLogic—ofa
LogicofTruth—AsaScienceofCognizingandinGeneral
AccomplishingSubjectivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
ChapterFour. TheHistoricalBeginningsoftheScienceof
Subjectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Lecture8. Aristotle’sGroundingofPsychologyandtheBasic
ProblemofaPsychologyAsSuch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
vi tableofcontents
Lecture9. Skepticism.TheFundamentalSignificanceofIts
“Ineradicability”intheHistoryofPhilosophy.Descartes’s
DecisiveStep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Lecture10. TheCartesianMeditations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Lecture11. FirstRealOverviewofTranscendentalScience.
TransitionfromtheCartesianMeditationstoLocke . . . . . . 73
SectionTwo. TheElementsofLocke’sAttemptatanEgologyandits
EnduringProblematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
ChapterOne. TheFundamentalLimitationofLocke’sSphereof
VisionanditsReasons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Lecture12. TheNaiveDogmatismofObjectivism. . . . . . . . . 80
Lecture13. ThePrejudicesofEmpiricism.Psychologismin
Epistemology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Lecture14. TheParadigmaticCharacterofModernNatural
ScienceasaRestrainingForceontheDevelopmentofa
GenuineIntuitionisticScienceofConsciousness. . . . . . . . . 96
ChapterTwo. CriticalDisclosureoftheGenuineandEnduring
ProblematicConcealedinLocke’sInvestigations. . . . . . . . . . . 105
Lecture15. TheProblemofImmanenceandofSynthetic
UnityinConsciousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Lecture16. TheIrrealityoftheImmanentContentsofthe
SynthesisofConsciousnessinitsEgo-ObjectPolarization
andtheProblemofIntersubjectivity.RemarksonBerkeley’s
CritiqueofLocke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Lecture17. OntheQuestionoftheConstitutionof
“Exteriority”:theCartesianSelf-Evidenceofthe
Self-GivennessofThingsinPerception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
ChapterThree. Empiricism’sTheoryofAbstractionasanIndex
ofHowitFallsShortoftheIdeaofanEideticScienceofPure
Consciousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Lecture18. Empiricism’sTheoryofAbstractionasanIndexof
HowitFallsShortoftheIdeaofanEideticScienceofPure
Consciousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Lecture19. TheNeedtoBroadentheIdeaofIntuition . . . . . 135
SectionThree. TheDevelopmentofSkepticalForerunnersof
PhenomenologyinBerkeleyandHume,andDogmaticRationalism 145
ChapterOne. FromLocketotheRadicalConsequenceof
Berkeley’sPurelyImmanentPhilosophy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Lecture20. ThePositiveHistoricalSignificanceofthe
RenewalofSkepticismthroughLockeandHisSuccessors. . 145
Lecture21. Berkeley’sDiscovery,andhisNaturalistic
tableofcontents vii
MisinterpretationoftheProblemoftheConstitutionofthe
RealWorld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Lecture22. Berkeley’sMonadologicalApproach;Comparison
withLeibniz.TransitiontoHume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
ChapterTwo:Hume’sPositivism. theConsummationof
Skepticismand,Simultaneously,theDecisivePreparatoryStep
towardaTranscendentalFoundationalScience . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Lecture23. Hume’sNominalisticReductionofAllIdeasto
ImpressionsandtheCountersenseInherentinThisPrinciple 162
Lecture24. TheNecessaryEideticsoftheScienceof
ConsciousnessandHume’sInductive-EmpiricalObjectivism 172
Lecture25. TheProblemofConstitutioninHume—andits
TerminationinUnmitigatedSkepticism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
ChapterThree. TheRationalismandMetaphysicsoftheModern
Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Lecture26. TheMainFeaturesofthePositivelyConstructive
TrajectoryofModernRationalismanditsDogmatism. . . . . 188
a) Overviewofthepreparationforafuturegenuine
metaphysics,hamperedbythelackofatranscendental
foundationalscience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
b) CriticalRemarksontheRegressiveProcedureEmployed
intheRationalistSystemsSinceOccasionalism.TheTask
ofProgressiveResearch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Lecture27. OnMetaphysicsandEpistemology.TheMeaning
ofLeibniz’sMonadologyandKant’sCritiqueofReason . . . 197
PartTwo. TheoryofthePhenomenologicalReduction. . . . . . . . . . . 207
SectionOne. PreliminaryMeditationsontheApodicticBeginningof
Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
ChapterOne. PreliminaryMeditationsontheApodictic
BeginningofPhilosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Lecture28. TheIdeaofPhilosophyinHistory,andthe
MotivationalSettingoftheSubjectwhoisBeginningto
Philosophize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Lecture29. OntheInstitutionoftheEmergingPhilosopher’s
HabitualFormofLife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Lecture30. ThePureCulturalAttitudeasSuchandthe
OriginalInstitutionofaPhilosophicalRadicalism . . . . . . . 221
ChapterTwo. TheIdeaofApodicticEvidenceandthe
ProblematicoftheBeginning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Lecture31. NaturalandTranscendental,Apodicticand
AdequateEvidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
viii tableofcontents
Lecture32. ThePossibleStartingPoints:“Iam”—and“Ias
BeginningPhilosopher”;“Iam”—“ThisWorldsIs”. . . . . . . 240
SectionTwo. FirstPathtotheTranscendentalReduction . . . . . . . . . 248
ChapterOne. World-PerceptionandWorld-Belief . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Lecture33. TheIneliminableContingencyoftheStatement
“TheWorldExists” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Lecture34. TranscendentalandEmpiricalSemblance.Onthe
“ObjectionofInsanity” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
ChapterTwo. SupplementationsandClarificationsinConnection
withthe“ObjectionofInsanity” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Lecture35. OntheDoctrineof“Empathy” . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Lecture36. TranscendentalSolipsism.TheNegativeResultof
theCritiqueofMundaneExperience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
ChapterThree. OpeningUptheFieldofTranscendental
Experience.Transcendental,PhenomenologicalandApodictic
Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Lecture37. TheApodicticCertaintyofthePossibleNon-
ExistenceoftheWorldandtheTranscendentalLifeof
SubjectivityinContrasttoIt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Lecture38. TheFieldofTranscendentalExperienceasTopic
ofaTranscendentalCritique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
SectionThree. OnthePhenomenologyofthePhenomenological
Reduction.OpeningUpaSecondPathtotheTranscendental
Reduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
ChapterOne. TheTranscendentalTemporalFormof
Subjectivity’sTranscendentalStreamofLife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Lecture39. TheFullContentofUniversalTranscendental
Self-Experience:TranscendentalPresent,Past,andFuture . . 286
Lecture40. ReflectionasSplittingoftheIandtheIdentityof
theIintheStreamingLivingPresent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
ChapterTwo:OntheTheoryoftheTheoreticalAttitudeofthe
Phenomenologist. WhattheEpochéMeansandAccomplishes 296
Lecture41. ReflectionandTheoreticalInterest,Splittingofthe
IofPosition-Takings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Lecture42. TheMostGeneralNotionofInterest,of
“Attitude,”of“Theme”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Lecture43. ThePossibilityofaPureInterestintheSubjective
BeinginthePhenomenologicalEpochéandReflection . . . . 309
ChapterThree. TheConsciousActivityofNaturalEgoicLifeand
theReductiontoPureSubjectivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Lecture44. PositionalandQuasi-PositionalActsandTheir
tableofcontents ix
Reduction;EpochéandQuasi-Epoché. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Lecture45. TheNaturalMundaneLifeoftheIasAct-Subject
andtheUnnaturalLifeofPhenomenologicallyPure
Self-Reflection.OntheTrainofThought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Lecture46. TheNewShapingandDeepeningofthe
PhenomenologicalMethod:TheCartesianPathandthePath
ofthePsychologisttotheTranscendentalReduction. . . . . . 329
SectionFour. PhenomenologicalPsychology,Transcendental
PhenomenologyandPhenomenologicalPhilosophy . . . . . . . . . . . 334
ChapterOne. TheAccomplishmentandProblematicofa
Phenomenological-PsychologicalReduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Lecture47. IntentionalImplicationsandIterations . . . . . . . . 334
Lecture48. TheProblemoftheTransitionFromthe
PsychologicalReductionWithRespecttoCertainActstothe
UniversalPhenomenologicalEpochéandReduction . . . . . 340
ChapterTwo. TheOpeningoftheRealmofTranscendental
ExperienceFollowingtheSecondPath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Lecture49. TheHorizonsoftheLiving-StreamingPresent. . . 347
Lecture50. TheEndlessTemporalStreamofLifeand
PossibilityofaUniversalReflectionandEpoché. . . . . . . . . 353
Lecture51. TransitiontotheUniversalEpochéand
Reduction.ThePureUniversalLifeandItsWorldof
Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
ChapterThree. ThePhilosophicalSignificanceofthe
Transcendental-PhenomenologicalReduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Lecture52. PhilosophyasSystematicSelf-Unfoldingof
TranscendentalSubjectivityintheFormofaSystematic
TranscendentalSelf-TheorizingontheBasisof
TranscendentalSelf-Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Lecture53. TheProblemofIntersubjectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
a) ThePossibilityofTranscendentalNaivetéonthePartofa
PurePhenomenologyandthePhilosophicalTaskofan
ApodicticCritiqueofTranscendentalExperience . . . . . 370
b) TranscendentalEgology(“SolipsisticPhenomenology”)
andtheTransitiontotheIntersubjectiveReduction . . . . 374
Lecture54. ThePathofthePhenomenologicalReductionto
TranscendentalIdealismandtheLatter’sPhenomenological
MeaningasTranscendentalMonadology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381