Table Of Content'
e nmans
AP roblem-SSuoplpvlietnmoge nt
The FeLyencmtaunPr heyss iocn s
RichPa.r dF eynman
MichAa.Ge olt tlieb
RalLpehi ghton
WitaMh e mobiyMr a ttShaenwd s
Exeracnids eAsnb syw ers
RobtBe L.re igahntRdoo nc EhV.uo sg t
PEARSON
Addison
Wesley
SanF ranciBsocsot oNne wY ork
CapTeo wnH onKgo ngL ondon Madrid Mexico City
MontreMauln icPha riSsi ngapoSryed ney TTookryoon to
Editor-inA-dCahmBi leafc:k
DevelopAmsesnotc iBartaePd:a tterson
SeniMoarr ketMiannga gCehrr:i Lsatwyr ence
ManagiEndgi tEorri:Gn r egg
ProducStuipoenr vSihsaonrn:To onz ier
ProducMtainoang emaenndCt o mposiWteisoWtno:r dIsn,c .
IllustArtahteirotno:n customs
ManufactBuuryienMrgi: c haEealr ly
PrinatnedBr i nder: Courier
TexDte signLeirsD:ae venish
CoveDre sigYnveorR :i ezeDbeossi gn
CoveCrr edFiety:n mcainr 1c9a6 2(,p hotogruanpkhneorwc no)u rtoefRs ayl ph
Leighton
LibroafrC yo ngrCeastsa loging-inD-aPtuab lication
FeynmaRni,c haPrhdi llips.
Feynmatni'possn p hys:i cpsar oblem-ssoulpvpilnegtm oet nhFtee ynmlaenc
turoensp hysIiR cisc haPr.F de ynmaMni,c haAe.Gl o ttlainedb ,R aLlepihg h;t on
witahm emoibryM atthSeawn ;d esxercainsdae nss webryRs o beBr.tL eighton
andR ochEus.V ogt.
p.e m.
Incluidnedse x.
ISBN0 -8053-9063-4 (pbk.)
1.P hysi2c.Ps h.y sics-Proebxleermcsie,st ecIs..G, o ttlMiiecbh,aA e.l
IIL.e ightRoanl,pI hI.SI a.n dMsa,t thLe.w( MattLhiewn zee).
IVL.e ightRoonb,eBr .tV .V ogRto,c hEu.sV I.F eynman, RPihcihlalridp s.
Feynman loencp thuyrseiVsc IIs.T. i tle.
QC23.F14978 S9u ppl.
530.'0 76-dc22
2005013077
ISBN0 -8053-9063-4
Copyri©g 2h0t0 M6i cheFlelyen maCna,rF le ynmaMni,c haGeolt tlieb, and
RalpLhe ighAtlorlni .g hrtess erMvaendu.f actiuntr heUedn ited oSft ates
AmeriTchai.sp ubliciaspt riootne bcytC eodp yriagnhdpt e rmissshioounl d
beo btaifnreodtm h peu blipsrhietorora nyp rohibrietperdo duscttoiroang,e
ina r etriseyvsatloe rmt ,r ansmiisnas niyfo onr omr b ya nym eanesl,e ctronic,
mechanipchaolt,o copryeicnogr,do irln igk,e wTioso eb.t apienr miosns(is)
tou smea terial from this waw orrikt,rt eepqnlu eteaosPs tee a rssuobnm it
EducatIinocnP.,e, r missDieopnasr tm1e9n0tE0,. L akAev e.G,l enevwi,
IL6 002F5o.ri nformarteigoanr pdeirnmgi ssciaol(nl8s 4,47 8)6 -2635.
Manyo ft hdee signautsiebodyn m sa nufactaunrdse erlslt eodr iss tintghueiisrh
produacrtcesl aimaestd r ademaWrhekrste.h odsees ignaatpipoeinanstr h ibso ok,
andt hpeu bliwsahsea rw aroefa t rademcalrakit mh,de e signahtaivobene se n
prinitnei dn itciaapolsr a lcla ps.
109 8 7 6 5 -4C RW3- 028 0 17 0 60 5
www.aw-bc.com
Foreword
At a lonelbyo rdepro st hoing ht heH imalayafnr ontiRearm,a swamy
Balasubramapneiearne d thhriosub gihn oculaattr hse P eopleL'isb eration
Armys oldisetrast ioinneT di bet-whwoe rep eeritnhgr outghhe isrc opes
back at Theinms.i obnest weeInn diaan dC hinhaa db eenh ighf ors everal
yearssi nc1e9 62w,h ent het woc ountrtireasd sehdo tasc rotshse idri sputed
bord.e Trhe PLA soldiekrnso,w intgh eyw ereb einwga tchetda,u nted
Balasubramaannidha insf elloIwn diasno ldibeyrs sh akindge,f italn,yh igh
in thea irt,h eipro cket-sibzreidg,h t-croepdi eosf Quotatiofnrso m
ChairmaMna o-bettkenro wni nt heW esta s" Mao'Lsi ttRleed B ook."
Balasubramatnhieaann c,o nscrsitputd yipnhgy siicnsh iss partei me,
soong rewt iroefdt hestea untSsoo. n ed a,y hcea met oh iso bsevratipoons t
preparweidt ahs uitarbeljeo inAdses ro.o na st heP LAs oldisetrasr tweadv
ingM ao'sL ittRleed B ooki nt hea iarg aihne,a ndt wof elloIwn diasno l
dierpsi ckeudp a ndh elda loftth et hrebei gb,r ight-vroeldu meosf T he
FeynmaLne cturoensP hysics.
Oned ayI r eceivae lde ttferro mM r. BalasubramHainswi aasna .m ong
hundreodfsl ettIeh rasv er eceivoevde trh ey eartsh adte scritbheel asting
impacRti charFde ynmahna sh ado np eoplel'isv eAsf.t erre counttihneg
"red-booiknsc"i deonntt h eS ino-Indfiraonn tiheewr r,o te":N ow,t wenty
yearlsa tewrh,o ser edb ookasr es tibleli nrge ad?"
IndeeTdo.d aym,o ret hanf ortyye arasf tetrh eyw ered eliverTehde,
FeynmaLne cturoensP hysiacrses tibleli nrge ad-ansdt iilnls pire--even
inT ibeIts ,u spect.
A specicaals ien p oinste:v eryaela rasg oI metM ichaeGlo ttliaetab
partwyh eret heh oswta sd isplayoinna g computer tshcerh eaernm onic
overtonofea s l ivTeu vant hroat-singkeirn-odtf he ev entth amta kesl iv
ingn eaSra nF rancisscuoc hf unG.o ttliheabds tudimeadt ha ndw asv ery
interesitnpe hdy sicsso,I suggestheedr eadT heF e ynmanL ecturoens
Physics-aanbdo uat y ealra tehre,d evotseid xm onthosf h isl ifteor ead
ingT heL ecturveesr yc arefuflrloym b eginnitnoge nd.A s Gottlieb
descriibneh si si ntroduttihoilnse, d e,v entu,at lolt yheb ooky oua rer ead
ingn ow,a sw elals t oa n ew," DefiniEtdiivtei oonfT" h eF eynman Lectures
onP hysics.
..
.
Ill
iv• F 0 R E W 0 R D
Thusa mpI l eatsheapdte opilnet erienps htyesdai lcolsv e trh weo rld can
now stwuihdtt yh,ae d ditoifto hnis su pplteamvleo nlumame o,r ceo rrect
ancd opmleetdei toifTo hneF eynmLaenc rteuso nP hysicmso-nau mental
wortkh awti ll cotnoit nifnoaurnemid s npisrteu defnodrte sc atdoec so me,
whethienmr i dtoMwann hatotrha ingi hnt hHei maylaas.
RalLpehi ghton
May11 2,0 05
Rcihad Freynnm,ca irca
1962
Introduction
firshte aorfdR ichaFredy nmaannRd a lpLhe ighitn1o 8n9 6t,hr ough their
I
entertbaoionSkir uneglY yo' eur JoMkr.Fi enmygan,nT h!i rtyeeeanlr ast er
meRt alpathp aar tyb.e cWaefm reni desa,no dv etrhn ee xyte awrew orked
I
togetohnte hrde e siogfanf antsatsaymh po norFienygn maAnlt.lh weh ile
1
Ralpwha sg ivimnebg o oktsor eabdy,o ra boFuety nmiannc,l u(disinncge
ama c ompuptreorg ramFmeery)n Lmeacnt ounCr oemsp u2tT ahet ion.
I
discusosfqi uoann tum mechanicailnt hcifosam spcuitnabatotioioknn g
intrimgeu,be udwt i thhoauvti sntgu dqiueadn tmuemc ahnicIhs a,dd iffi
culftoyl lotwhiaenr gg umeRnatlspr.he commenrdeeadTd h Fee ynman
I
LectounPr heyssV ioclsu mQeu anMteucmh awnhiicIchb s eg,ab nu,t
Ill:
ChaptIea rnsd2 o fV olIullam reree prodfurcoeCmdh apt3e7ar nsd 3 8o f
VolIu,sm oIe f ou ndm yself bactkhtrroaucrgkehif negre innVc eosl Iu me
rathtehrap nr ogretshsrionuVgg ohl umIt eh eredfeocriedt eord e aadl l
Ill.
ThFeye nmLaence tfsru orbme ginntioen ngd -I dweatse rmtioln eeadr n
somqeu antmuemc han!Hi ocwsevtehra,gt o able camsee condaastr iym e
10sutra amppp ietnah rlesi n noetorBef as cT kU VA FauC tDfu reea,tt uhTreui vnagn
throatm-assiOtnnedgraai rnna dgc amaepop eabryRa incchFeae rydn( mWaanr ner
Bros9.4 7131r-e2l)ei,an1 s9 e99d.
2FeynLmeacnet sou nCr opmutabtyiRo inc,hP Fa.e rydn emdainbt,yAe ndt hJo.nGy.
Heayn Rdo biAnl l1e9n9A.6d .d iseosnlIe-SyWB0,N- 12 -048991-0.
W.
v
vi• I N T R 0 D U C T I 0 N
wenotn a ndI b ecamien creasaibnsgolriyb neF de ynm'asfn ascinating
wolrdT.h je yoo fl earnpihnygs iscism,pf lotyrh pel easoufir tbe,e cammye
highpersito rIiw taysh. o ok!eA dbouhta lfwtahyr ouVgohl IuI,mt oeoa k
breafkr opmr ogramamnidsn pge snitmx o ntihnsr urCaolsa Rt icsat udy
inTg hLee cretfsulu -lti.m e
Everayf rtneooIsn t udai ende w laencdwt ourrkeoe ndp hyspircosb
lem;is nt hmeo rninIgr se vieawnedpd r oofyreeasdt e'rslde acytIuw raes.
ine -mialco ntwaicttRh a lpahn,hd ee ncourmaegt eokd e etpr aocfek r rors
Im entioennecdo untienVr oinlgIu I.mwt a esn omtu cohf a b udrenb,e cause
thewreer vee rfye w erirnto hrasvt o lumHeo.w evearsI, p rogressed
throuVgohl uII amnedIs ll,I w asd ismatyoed dsi covienrec arsinmgolrye
erroIrnts h.ee n dIh adc ompialt eodt oafml o rteh a1n07 erroirnTs h e
LectRualrpaehns Idw. e rseu rsperdhi:o wc ouslodm aneyr rohrasvb ee en
overlookseold o nfWgoe?rd ecitdoes de weh acto ubledd onaeb oguett
tintgh ecmo rreicntt henede xetd it.i on
Thenn oIt iscoemdei ntrisgeunitnegin nFc eeysn m'apsnr ef:a ce
"Three astohne arrene o l ectures osno lpvhroeow b ltieosbm esc ause
thewreer ree citsaetciotoninsA .l thoIud gihpd u itn t hrleeec tuirnte hse
firsyter ao nh owt os olpvrebo lemtsh,ea yr neo itn cluded htehreer.e Also
wasa l ectounri en ertgiuailnd caweh icche rtaibnellyo anfgtste hrle e cture
onr otastyinsgt ebmuswth, i cwha su,n fortunoamtietl.ty"e, d
Thissu gsgteetdh ied eoafr ecsotnructthimeni gs sliencgt uarnedis,f
thepyr oviendte esrtionfegfr,i tnhge tmo C alt ecahn Add disWoesnl-efyo r
incluisnai m oonr ceo mplaentdee r ror-coerdrietcoitfoTe nhd L ee cetsu.r
Butf irIsh ta dt ofn idth e missinga ndIlw eacsst tuliri lenCs o,s tRai c!a
Throuagb hio tfd educltoigvaienc d invesRtailgpaht iwoatnsol, o acbaltee
thlee ctnuoretesw ,h icwhe rper eovuishliyd daewna syo mewhbeertew een
hifsa t'hesor fficaen dt heC alteAcrhhci veRsa.l pahl soob taitnaepde
recordoifnt ghsem issilnegc tuarneds ,w hile reseianrt chhei ng errata
Archiavfetsme yrr etutrnoC alifoIrf onrtiuai,t oduiscsloyv ertehbdel ack
boarpdh ot(olso bnegl ieveidna b looxos fmt i)s eclnleaounse gvaetsTi.he
Feynmhaeni gresn esrlogyua vues p emrissiotnou steh emsaet iearlasn,d
sow,i tsho mues efcurli tiqueMsa tSftarn odmsn ,o wt hoen lsyu rviving
membeorft hFee ynman-oLne-inSgdahstt riRoa,l pahn dI r econstructed
ReevwBi a sa s ampalnedp, r esentedt heiert r afwtoiTart hhL ee cettsou r
CaltaencAdh d disWoesnl-ey.
AddisWoesnl-erye ceiovuerid d eeanst husiasbuttiC catalel clwhya ,s
initisaklelpaytl Ri.ac lpthh ereafpopreea tloeK di pT homet,h Rei chard
FeynmParnoe fsosro fT heorePthiycsaailtCc astl e c,wh hoe veunatlmlayn
agetdoa chiaem vuet uuanld erstaamnodniagnl igln volavnewddh ,og en
erosulvyo luntheietsri emtdeoo verosuewreo rSkni.c Cea tle cdhin do wta nt
I N T R 0 D •U vCi iT I 0 N
toa mentdh eex isvtoilnugm oefTs h Lee rcetfsou hri storreisacoanRlsa ,l ph
porpospeudt ttihnmegi sgsl ienctiunra es se parbaotoeTk h.a itst hoer igin
oft hissu pplemevnotlaurmIyeti .s b eipnugb liisnhp eadrl aewlli tahn ew
DfieniEtdiivotefTi hoFene ynLmeacrentos unP hysiniw hcisct,hhe e r rors
If ouanrdce o rreacsta erodet, h eerrr ofrosu nbdya n umboefro threera d.e rs
MatSta nd'sm emoir
Ino uqru etsotr econstthrfeuo cultre ctuRraelspa,hn dIh adm anqyu es
tinosW.e feltf ovrteurntyaob t eea blteog eatn swefrrosPm r oefsrsM oatt
Sandst,hm ea nw hosied eiawt a st oe mbaornkt haem bitpirojoucestt hat
produTcehFde e ynLmeacentso u nPr hysWei cwses.rue r prtihsatethd e
stoorfty h egiern ewsaisns o wti deklnoyw na,n dr ealitzhiatnthg ip rsjo cet
offeraenod p portutnori etmye dtyh adte ficPirtoe,fs sSoran dsk indly
agreteowd r iatm ee mooinrt he oroifTg hiFnees y nLmeacrentfs ou irn clu
sioinnt hissu pplement.
Thef ourl ecrteus
FroMma tSta ndwsel earnetdh aitnD ecemb1e69r1 t,ow atrhdee n odf t he
3
fristte romfF eynm'asCn altefcrsheh mapnh ysciocuser ,is twa sd ecided
thaitwt oulbdeu nfatioir n trondeuwcm ea tertiota hlse t udejnutsafst e w
dasyb efotrhefe i neaxla mS.o f,o trh wee epker cedtihntege sFte,y nnm a
gavteh roepet iornveailel we ctsu,ir nwe hicnhon ewm aterwiaasil n tro
duceTdh.er evileewc twuerreiesn tenfdosertd u dehnatvsid nffiigc ultiine s
thcel aasnsed,m phastiezcehdn ifqouurne dse rstaannsddo ivlnignp gh ysics
prbolemSsom.e oft hee xmaplper olbemwse roef h istoirnitcseatrl,e
inclutdhideni gos vceorfyt haet omniucc lbeyuR su therafnotdrh dde,e ter
minatoifto hnme a sosf t hpei m esoWni.t chh aractheurmiasintn isci ght,
Feynmaaslnod iscutshsseeol du titooan n otkhienrod fp rolbeme,q ually
importtoa nlatet ah satlt fhs et udeinnht isfs r sehmacnls ast:h eem otional
probloeffim n dionnge selfa vbeerl.ao gwe
Thef ourltehc tDuyren,a mEiffceaacntlTds h Aeppilri cwaatsgi iovenns ,
earilnyt hsee cotnedr omft hfer sehmacnl asshso,rt alfyt tehrse t udents
returnferdo wmi ntberre aOkr.i giniatwl alsty o,b eL ecet uarndt he
21,
idebae hiintwd a st ot akaer setfr om dtihifecf utlhte oredtiisccaulso sfi on
3Thaec adyeemaaiCtrca ltidesic evhdii ndtthort eeert mhfiser; rs utfn rsol ma te
Septetmoeb aerDrle yc emtbhseeer c,fo rnoedma rJlayn utaoer ayrM layra cnhtd,h e
third Mfarrtoceomha Jrlnulaeyt. e
vii• iI N T R 0 D U C T I 0 N
rotoanptsri eseinnCt headp1 t8etrh sr o2u0ag nhsd h otwhs et udseonmtes
interaeplspittciinanosag n pdh ennoatm heaarti ser oftoranot"smuji, sf to r
entnermte.anM"ito sotft hlee cwtaudsre ev ottoaed di sicouonsft s echnol
ogtyh awta rse lvaetlniye wi n1 692p:r acitniecragtlui icadelaT. nh e
rmeainodfe rlt ehcedt iusrecn uastsuperhdae ln otmheaanrtaif sreorm o ta
toinasn,ad l osfeofr aec dle au st ow hFye ynndm easicbtrehdoe m isosfi on
tihlse cftruorTmehF ee ynLmeacnto unPr heysas s"i uconsrfn tau.t"e
Aftetrh lee crteu
Afteern dail negc Fteuyrneom ftaenln eh fimtsi croopnhT.oh nhieasp s r o
viduesd t wht ihuen ique oopfpw oirttsunsneihinotgwFy e ynmiannt er
actweidth hiu sn dgerradsutautdeTe hneetx sa.m pleh egrrieev,ce onr ded
afteDry namEiffceaacnltTd seh iArpp licaipsta irotnisnco,ut leawrolryt hy
foirtd si scuosfts hiieon nc itprisaeinntitinr o ena l-timef rcoomm puting
anatlodo igg miettahlio n1d 69s2 .
Thee xercises
Int he cotuhrpisrjseoce tRo aflr peheb sltiaschoendtw aictthf aeht'rihss
goofder inadn cdo lglueReao chVuosgw th,go r caiougsalvhyeip sem ris
sitoon rleipesuxhcbe irsaenssd ou ltoinfsr oEmxe rciinIs netsro ductory
Pyhsitchcseo ,l letchRtaoitbo Lener htit goannh deh acdr eaetsepde cially
foTrh Lee cretbsua ckt h1ie69n 0 .Ds uteos palciem itIac thiooosnnels y
exceirsfeoVsro luCmhea/p1,tt e hrrso u(gthh e2 0mc aotveebrreiefadol r e
DynamEiffceaaclntT dseh iArpp lincsap)tr,ie ofeprrrloiebnmtgsh atto,
quote LReoiobgneh"r,att nr uem iecraolral nya lystiimcpyaleliteln ,yc isive
anidl lutmiiinncng oa tne.n"t
Website
Readaerriesn t vetidov iwsiwtwe .yfnmcatneulsiren.ffoomr o rien forma
tioonnt hviosl uamnTedh Fee ynLmearcentos un P hysics.
MikGeo ttlieb
PlaTyaam anrdioC,o sRtiac a
mg@f eynmanlencfto ures.i
Acknowledgments
We wtioes xhep srosu r hetahrattnofak elsll t whtoih bsmo aopdkoe s sible,
espieaclly:
ThomasT ombrellCo,hi armaonft hPeh syicMsa,t heimcasatn,d
AstroDniovmiyfs oiarop onpv,ri tnihgps r jocet boenh oafCl alfet cahn,d
CarlF eynmana ndM ichelFleey nmanh,e itroRs i crhdFa eynmfaonr,
thepiemrri sstiopo unb ltihsefhia rtr h'lese ctiuntri hebsso ok;
MattheSwa ndsf,o hriw si sdkonmo,w lceodnrgsuetc,tc iovmem e,an ntds
sugignoess;t
MichaeHla rtfl,oh rim se tuilcopurso aodfrioenftg h mea ncursiapntfdo, r
hidsi liwgoernkt t wheiert rhia nTt haFe e ynLmeacrentos un P hysics;
RochuEs. V ogtf,o trh ien genpirbooluesam nsad n srwsie nE xerciins es
IntrodPuhcytsaoinryfdc o hsri,p s em risstioo tnueh sme t iihnvs o l;u me
JohnN ee,rf osrt iuodudsolcyu meFnetyinn'mlgsae nucrtaetts h Heu hges
AirracCfotr poraanftdoi srohr nai,tn hgo sew tinhuo st;e s
HeleTnu ckF, eyn'mssae ncrfeotmraa rnyyye r a,sf ohre erno curagement
ansdu pport,
AdamB lackE,d i-tionri-efCfohP rhs yilSc caieanAtcd edsi Wseosnlf-eoyr,
hiesnh tusiaanspdme rsevienbri ranngctiihenvs go lutmope r ianntd,
KipT hornef,o hrig sr aacnetde i lrewsosrs ke cutrhitenr gua snstdu pport
ofe veriynovnoeal nvfdeo odrv, e rsoeuewrio nrgk .
ix
