Fear and Anxiety: The Benefits of Translational Research

301 Pages·2004·2.33 MB·English

by  Jack M. Gorman

Fear and Anxiety
The Benefits of Translational Research
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Fear and Anxiety
The Benefits of Translational Research
Edited by
Jack M. Gorman, M.D.
American Psychopathological Association
Washington, DC
London, England
Note: The authors have worked to ensure that all information in this book is ac-
curate at the time of publication and consistent with general psychiatric and med-
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standards set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the general medical
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apeutic standards may change. Moreover, specific situations may require a specific
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man and mechanical errors sometimes occur, we recommend that readers follow
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fear and anxiety : the benefits of translational research / edited by Jack M.
Gorman.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-58562-149-8 (alk. paper)
1. Anxiety. 2. Fear. I. Gorman, Jack M.
RC531.F43 2003
616.85’22—dc22 2003057890
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A CIP record is available from the British Library.
Contents
Contributors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Jack M. Gorman, M.D.
1
Synaptic Self: Conditioned Fear, Developmental Adversity,
and the Anxious Individual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Gregory M. Sullivan, M.D., and Joseph E. LeDoux, Ph.D.
2
Does Stress Damage the Brain?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Bruce S. McEwen, Ph.D., and Ana Maria Magarinos, Ph.D.
3
Neuropsychobiology of the Variable Foraging Demand
Paradigm in Nonhuman Primates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Jeremy D. Coplan, M.D., Anca D. Paunica, M.D.,
and Leonard A. Rosenblum, Ph.D.
4
Offspring at High Risk for Anxiety and Depression:
Preliminary Findings From a Three-Generation Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Myrna M. Weissman, Ph.D., Virginia Warner, M.P.H.,
Priya Wickramaratne, Ph.D., Yoko Nomura, Ph.D.,
Kathleen R. Merikangas, Ph.D., Gerard E. Bruder, Ph.D.,
Craig E. Tenke, Ph.D., and Christian Grillon, Ph.D.
5
Pathophysiology of Anxiety: A Developmental
Psychobiological Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Daniel S. Pine, M.D.
6
Psychiatric Effects of Disasters and Terrorism:
Empirical Basis From Study of the Oklahoma City Bombing . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Carol S. North, M.D., M.P.E.
7
Neuroanatomy of Panic Disorder: Implications of Functional
Imaging in Fear Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
David Gutman, M.D., Jack M. Gorman, M.D.,
and Joy Hirsch, Ph.D.
8
Neuroimaging Studies in Nonhuman Primates Reared Under Early
Stressful Conditions: Implications for Mood and Anxiety Disorders. . . . . . .135
Sanjay J. Mathew, M.D., Dikoma C. Shungu, Ph.D.,
Xiangling Mao, M.S., Leonard A. Rosenblum, Ph.D.,
Jeremy D. Coplan, M.D., and Jack M. Gorman, M.D.
9
Neurotoxic Effects of Childhood Trauma: Magnetic Resonance
Imaging Studies of Pediatric Maltreatment-Related Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder Versus Nontraumatized Children With Generalized
Anxiety Disorder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
Michael D. De Bellis, M.D., M.P.H.
10
Scientific Basis of Psychological Treatments
for Anxiety Disorders: Past, Present, and Future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
David H. Barlow, Ph.D., and Laura B. Allen, M.A.
11
New Molecular Targets for Antianxiety Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193
Jack M. Gorman, M.D., and Justine M. Kent, M.D.
12
Dissociating Components of Anxious Behavior
in Young Rhesus Monkeys: A Precursor to Genetic Studies. . . . . . . . . . . . .211
Judy L. Cameron, Ph.D., Silviu A. Bacanu, Ph.D.,
Kristine D. Coleman, Ph.D., Ronald E. Dahl, M.D.,
Bernard J. Devlin, Ph.D., Jeffrey A. Rogers, Ph.D.,
Neal D. Ryan, M.D., and Douglas E. Williamson, Ph.D.
13
The Anatomy of Fear: Microcircuits of the Lateral Amygdala. . . . . . . . . . . .227
Luke R. Johnson, Ph.D., and Joseph E. LeDoux, Ph.D.
14
The Amygdala and Social Behavior: What’s Fear Got to Do With It? . . . . . .251
David G. Amaral, Ph.D.
Reproduction of Color Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .271
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Contributors
Laura B. Allen, M.A.
Doctoral student in clinical psychology, Center for Anxiety and Related Disor-
ders, Boston, Massachusetts
David G. Amaral, Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Center for Neuro-
science, California National Primate Research Center and the M.I.N.D. Institute,
University of California, Davis, California
Silviu A. Bacanu, Ph.D.
Research Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
David H. Barlow, Ph.D.
Director, Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders, Boston, Massachusetts
Gerard E. Bruder, Ph.D.
Professor of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians
and Surgeons, Columbia University; Acting Chief, Department of Biopsychology,
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
Judy L. Cameron, Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsyl-
vania; and Senior Scientist, Divisions of Neuroscience and Reproductive Science,
Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science Univer-
sity, Beaverton, Oregon
Kristine D. Coleman, Ph.D.
Assistant Scientist, Divisions of Animal Resources and Reproductive Science,
Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science Univer-
sity, Beaverton, Oregon
ix