Farm animal medicine and surgery : for small animal veterinarians

282 Pages·2013·3.47 MB·English

by  Graham R Duncanson

Farm Animal Medicine and Surgery
For Small Animal Veterinarians
I would like to dedicate this book to all the veterinary students that I have had the privilege
of helping with their learning, starting with Shartry and Ramazan in Mombasa in 1967 and
continuing through to my daughter Amelia in 2013. They have all helped me and taught me
so much about life in general. I hope they will enjoy their veterinary careers as much as
I have and find this book useful.
Farm Animal Medicine and Surgery
For Small Animal Veterinarians
Dr Graham R. Duncanson BVSc, MSc (VetGP), DProf, FRCVS
Equine and Farm Animal Practitioner,
Westover Veterinary Practice, UK
CABI is a trading name of CAB International
CABI CABI
Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street
Wallingford Suite 1002
Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111
UK USA
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone] (toll free)
Fax: [phone] Tel: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.cabi.org
© G.R. Duncanson 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically,
mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior
permission of the copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Duncanson, Graham R.
Farm animal medicine and surgery : for small animal veterinarians /
Graham R. Duncanson.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84593-882-6 (hb) -- ISBN 978-1-84593-883-3 (pb)
1. Veterinary medicine--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Animal
health--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. C.A.B. International. II. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Animal Diseases--therapy. 2. Animal Diseases--diagnosis.
3. Livestock. 4. Poultry. 5. Surgical Procedures, Operative--veterinary. SF 745]
SF745.D86 2013
636.089--dc23
2012025557
ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 882 6 (hbk)
ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 883 3 (pbk)
Commissioning editor: Sarah Hulbert
Editorial assistant: Emma McCann
Production editor: Shankari Wilford
Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India.
Printed and bound in the UK by MPG Printgroup Ltd.
Contents
Foreword vii
Abbreviations ix
Introduction xiii
1 Veterinary Equipment 1
2 Veterinary Medicines 8
3 Cattle Medicine 27
4 Cattle Surgery 54
5 Sheep and Goat Medicine 82
6 Sheep and Goat Surgery 122
7 South American Camelid (SAC) Medicine 143
8 South American Camelid (SAC) Surgery 166
9 Pig Medicine 182
10 Pig Surgery 198
11 Domestic Poultry Medicine and Surgery 207
12 Notifi able Diseases 223
13 Zoonotic Diseases 228
Glossary 237
References 243
Index 245
The colour plates can be found following p. 146
v
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Foreword
What constitutes a large animal emergency?
Is it every farm call for the mixed practice vet with the 5% farm animal caseload? Is it
the dreaded phone call to see a farrowing sow while being the duty vet on call? What
about the new graduate vets panicking over the large animal out of hours rota with
thoughts of caesareans, uterine prolapses, unpackings, chokes, embryotomies, fractures
and ditch rescues racing through their minds? Or is it simply the 5 a.m. call to the experi-
enced veterinarian at 10 degrees below freezing with snow expected and farmer Giles
informing you that ‘The heifer in the field down yonder is off colour’ and you get there to
find a blown, recumbent heifer that has been attempting to calve a dead rotten calf for the
past 6 hours!
These are among some of the unbelievably impossible and truly unimaginable situa-
tions we commonly find ourselves presented with when working as veterinarians. We often
feel inexperienced and ill prepared to deal with the daunting tasks that we are presented
with in both a correct and effective manner, especially if 90% of our caseload is small animal
biased!
This book is intended as a quick reference (to keep in your car!) guide to those com-
mon large animal emergencies that we can be faced with as practising veterinarians. The
author uses his vast knowledge and lifelong experiences in both the UK and abroad to
summarize some of the most common, and indeed uncommon, medical and surgical situ-
ations encountered in large animal practice. In a simple yet comprehensive way, the
author aims to both inform and settle the reader with the goal of providing the veterinar-
ian with the essential information required to become better equipped and prepared when
dealing with an emergency – while at all times keeping the animal’s well-being at the
forefront.
As a new graduate veterinarian myself, I feel we are often overwhelmed and underpre-
pared for the harsh realities that face us in large animal practice. We are thrown in at the deep
end upon graduation, and the reality of this in my experience is often vastly different from
college textbooks and theory! This book is practically minded, focusing more on the ‘how tos’
as opposed to the ‘whys?’, and provides a logical and rational approach to large animal cases
with the author’s wealth of experience to back it up.
As my guide and mentor as a newly qualified veterinarian, the author of this book,
Graham Duncanson, can only be described as a true inspiration. His enthusiasm for life and
vii
viii Foreword
work is exceptional, along with his desire to continue to develop himself professionally. He is
a very ‘hands on’ teacher and is happy to share his wealth of experience with others. His posi-
tive ‘can do’ attitude and kind-hearted, encouraging nature towards veterinary students and
younger members of the profession is admirable and something we should all aspire to
achieve.
Katie Rosslee
BSc (Hons) BVetMed MRCVS
Abbreviations (excluding disease
and virus names)
ad lib As much as desired
AGID Agar gel immunodiffusion
AI Artificial insemination
ASF African swine fever
AST Aspartate aminotransferase
BCS Body condition score
BHC Benzene hexachloride
bid Twice daily
BUN Blood urea nitrogen
C Celsius
CAE Caprine arthritis and encephalitis
cal Calorie
CCN Cerebrocortical-necrosis
CFT Complement fixation test
CK Creatine kinase
CLA Caseous lymphadenitis
cm Centimetre
CNS Central nervous system
C-NS Coagulase-negative staphylococci
CSF Cerebrospinal fluid (also used for ‘classical swine fever’)
CT Controlled test
cu. Cubic
Cu Copper
DEET Diethyl-meta-toluamide
DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation
DM Dry matter
DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
EAE Enzootic abortion of ewes
ECG Electrocardiogram
EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
e.g. For example
ix