Fairness in Criminal Appeal: A Critical and Interdisciplinary Analysis of the ECtHR Case-Law

214 Pages·2023·3.196 MB·English

by  Helena Morão, Ricardo Tavares da Silva

Helena Morão
Ricardo Tavares da Silva   Editors
Fairness in
Criminal
Appeal
A Critical and Interdisciplinary Analysis
of the ECtHR Case-Law
Fairness in Criminal Appeal
(cid:129)
Helena Morão Ricardo Tavares da Silva
Editors
Fairness in Criminal Appeal
A Critical and Interdisciplinary Analysis of the
ECtHR Case-Law
Editors
HelenaMorão RicardoTavaresdaSilva
ResearchCentreforCriminalLawand ResearchCentreforCriminalLawandCriminal
CriminalSciences(CIDPCC) Sciences(CIDPCC)
UniversityofLisbonSchoolofLaw UniversityofLisbonSchoolofLaw
Lisbon,Portugal Lisbon,Portugal
ISBN978-3-031-13000-7 ISBN978-3-031-13001-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13001-4
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Acknowledgments
This book is the result of a research seminar held between July 2021 and June
2022 at CIDPCC (Research Centre for Criminal Law and Criminal Sciences), the
PortugueseresearchcentrespecificallyfocusedonCriminalLaw,supportedbyFCT
(FundaçãoparaaCiênciaeTecnologia).
Theeditorsareverygratefultoalltheauthors.Specialmentionmustbemadeof
ProfessorsMassimoCeresa-Gastaldo andAntonioMªLaraLópezwhoacceptedto
joinourproject.
ThisworkisdedicatedtoCriminalLawProfessorMariaFernandaPalmaonthe
30thanniversaryofherPhD,thefirstPhDinCriminalLawawardedinPortugaltoa
woman.
HelenaMorão
RicardoTavaresdaSilva
v
About This Book
This book addresses the European Court of Human Rights’ fairness standards in
criminalappeal,fillingagapinthislessresearchedareaofstudies.Basedonafair
trial immediacyrequirement, theCourt hasfoundseveralviolationsofArticle6of
theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightsattheappellatelevelbyatleasteighteen
States of the Council of Europe in a vast array of cases, particularly in contexts of
firstinstanceacquittalsoverturningandofsentencesincreasingonappeal.
Ontheonehand,thebookcriticallyengagesthiscase-lawwiththelawrevisions
it has recently inspired in European countries, as well as with the critiques and
difficultiesthatitcontinuestoraise.Ontheotherhand,itinterweavesinsightfrom
criminal procedure theory with new discoveries in the field of cognitive sciences
(neuroscience of memory, philosophy of knowledge, AI), shedding an interdisci-
plinarylightonthe(in)adequacyandlimitsoftheStrasbourgCourt’sjurisprudence.
vii
Contents
PartI Introduction
1 TheECtHRCase-LawonImmediacyinCriminalAppeal. . . . . .. 3
HelenaMorão
PartII CriminalAppealImmediacyModelsandtheECtHR
Case-Law
2 TheEvidenceRenewalModelinItaly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
MassimoCeresa-Gastaldo
3 TheRetrialModelinSpain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
AntonioMª.LaraLópez
4 TheRecordingsModelinPortugal:TheAppealCourt’s
Perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
RitadoRosário
5 TheRecordingsModelinPortugal:TheDefendant’sandthe
Victim’sPerspectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
TiagoGeraldoandNunoIgrejaMatos
PartIII ImmediacyinCriminalProcedureTheoryandCognitive
Sciences
6 ImmediacyattheFirstInstanceTrial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
MafaldaMouraMelim
7 Audio-VisualRecordingsasEvidenceinCriminalProcedure. . . . . 145
AntónioBritoNeves
ix
x Contents
8 NeuroscienceofMemoryandPhilosophyofKnowledge
ChallengestoImmediacy.. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 163
RicardoTavaresdaSilva
9 AIAssistanceintheCourtroomandImmediacy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
CatarinaAbegãoAlves
PartIV ConcludingThoughts
10 OntheLegitimacyoftheECtHR’sCriminalAppealImmediacy
Requirement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
HelenaMorão
About the Editors
HelenaMorão isaCriminalLawProfessorattheUniversityofLisbon Schoolof
Law where she was awarded her PhD. She is the Deputy Director of the Research
CentreforCriminalLawandCriminalSciences(CIDPCC),thePortugueseresearch
centre specifically focused on criminal law, as well as the Deputy Director of the
journal Anatomy of Crime, Journal of Law and Crime Sciences. Her main field of
researchiscriminallawfrombothnormativeandinterdisciplinaryperspectives.She
is the author of several works on criminal law, including criminal appeal law, and
hasparticipatedasanexpertinvariouscriminallawreforms.
RicardoTavaresdaSilva isanInvitedAssistantinCriminalLawattheUniversity
ofLisbonSchoolofLaw,wherehewasawardedhisbachelor’sdegree.Healsohasa
Master’s degree and a PhD degree in Philosophy from the School of Arts and
Humanities of the University of Lisbon. He is especially interested in Normative
Theory and in the foundations of Law, but also in related issues in Philosophy of
ActionandPhilosophyofMind,MetaphysicsandEpistemology,CognitiveScience
andNeuroscience.HeisamemberandexecutivecoordinatoroftheResearchCentre
forCriminalLawandCriminalSciences(CIDPCC).
xi
Abbreviations
CCA CoimbraCourtofAppeal
CEPEJ EuropeanCommissionfortheEfficiencyofJustice
ECA ÉvoraCourtofAppeal
ECHR EuropeanConventiononHumanRights
ECtHR EuropeanCourtofHumanRights
FCCouncil FrenchConstitutionalCouncil
GCA GuimarãesCourtofAppeal
ICCass ItalianCourtofCassation
ICConst ItalianConstitutionalCourt
ICCPR InternationalCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights
ICPP ItalianCodicediProceduraPenale(ItalianCriminalProcedureCode)
LCA LisbonCourtofAppeal
LECrim LeydeEnjuiciamientoCriminal(SpanishCriminalProcedureAct)
LOPJ Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial (Spanish Judicial Power Organic
Act)
PCA PortoCourtofAppeal
PCC PortugueseConstitutionalCourt
PCPP Portuguese Código de Processo Penal (Portuguese Criminal
ProcedureCode)
SC SpanishConstitution
SCC SpanishConstitutionalCourt
SCJ SupremeCourtofJustice(Portugal)
SSC SpanishSupremeCourt
SStPO Schweizerische Strafprozessordnung (Swiss Criminal Procedure
Code)
StPO Strafprozeßordnung(GermanCriminalProcedureCode)
xiii