faculty of veterinary science and animal husbandry

131 Pages·2015·4.8 MB·English

CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF
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CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF
BOVINE TROPICAL THEILERIOSIS AND ITS
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS IN CATTLE

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO
THE ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT
FOR THE DEGREE OF

DOCTORATE IN PHILOSOPHY
IN
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY

By
Dr. Aditya Prasad Acharya
Adm. No. 01VPath/Ph.D/10

DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
FACULTY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
AND TECHNOLOGY
BHUBANESWAR-751003
2015
Dr. S.K.Panda
Professor and Head
Dept. of Veterinary Pathology
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
Bhubaneswar-751003

Bhubaneswar
Dated :

CERTIFICATE-I
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL
STUDIES OF BOVINE TROPICAL THEILERIOSIS AND ITS MOLECULAR
DIAGNOSIS IN CATTLE” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of the degree of DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY (VETERINARY
PATHOLOGY) to the ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND
TECHNOLOGY is a faithful record of bonafide and original research work carried
out by ADITYA PRASAD ACHARYA under my guidance and supervision. No part
of this thesis has been submitted for any other degree or diploma.
It is further certified that the assistance and help received by him/her from
various sources during the course of investigation has been duly acknowledged.

CHAIRMAN
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
CERTIFICATE-II

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL
STUDIES OF BOVINE TROPICAL THEILERIOSIS AND ITS MOLECULAR
DIAGNOSIS IN CATTLE” submitted by ADITYA PRASAD ACHARYA to the
ORISSA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY,
BHUBANESWAR in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY (VETERINARY PATHOLOGY) has been
approved/disapproved by the student's Advisory Committee and the external
examiner.
Advisory Committee
Chairman
Dr. S. K. Panda ___________________
Professor & Head
Dept. of Vety. Pathology

Members
1. Dr. R.K. Das ___________________
Professor, Vety. Anatomy
Dean Students’ Welfare, O.U.A.T.
2. Dr. M.R. Panda ___________________
Professor & Head
Dept. of Vety. Parasitology

3. Dr. Srinibas Das ___________________
Professor, ARGO
Director, TVCC

External Examiner ___________________
(Name & Designation)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This perspicuous piece of acknowledgement provides me a unique opportunity
to express my deepest sense of gratitude to a host of individuals who have contributed
their time in completion of my thesis. Though varying in form and volume, each
contribution has been invaluable in its own right.
In the first place, I would like to record my profound gratitude and deep
regards to my guide, Dr. Susen Kumar Panda, PhD, Professor and Head, Department
of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,
Bhubaneswar for his steady supervision, tireless inspiration, ever affectionate attitude,
scholastic insight, dynamic involvement, pragmatic counsel, persuasion and
competent guidance at each and every step during the present study and preparation of
this manuscript. His selfless help, whole hearted co-operation and familiar support
were the core of my thesis work without which it would have not been possible on my
part to complete my work in time.
Words fail to express my inmost sense of appreciation and sacrosanct respect
to Dr. R.K.Das, PhD, Professor, Veterinary Anatomy and Dean, Students’ Welfare,
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar for his keen interest
to impart knowledge, timely advice, uninterrupted guidance, healthy and constructive
criticism and imprinting within me the sense of sincerity and punctuality during the
entire period of study and experiment will be inspiring me for all the time to come.
I feel elevated in expressing my high indebtedness to the advisory committee
member Dr. M. R. Panda, Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary
Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar but
I will be ever obliged near him for his valuable and prudent suggestions, brand
support and steady encouragement during the entire period of my research work.
I put across my unfathomable sense of indebtedness and hearty gratitude to the
advisory committee member Prof. Srinibas Das, Director, Teaching Veterinary
Clinical Complex, for his ceaseless cordial encouragement, relentless assistance and
inspiration in every step of my research work.
I feel elevated in expressing my high indebtness and high obligation to
honourers of department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. H.K.Mohaptra, M.V.Sc,
Associate Professor and Head (Retd.), Dr.A.G.Rao, M.V.Sc, Associate Professor
(Retd), for their constant advice, encouragement, valuable suggestion and guidance in
research work but also in strengthening my professional knowledge to a great extent.
I pay my deeper sense of gratitude to Dr. Debi Prasanna Das, Assistant
Professor, Veterinary Pathology in the College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, O.U.A.T, Bhubaneswar for his relentless assistance, motivation and moral
support with valuable suggestions during the research period.
I am very much obliged to Dr. Birendra Kumar Prusty, PhD scholar, Institute
of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, for his earnest help and valuable guidance in doing
the molecular research work.
I extend my gratefulness to Dr. U. K. Mishra, Associate Professor and Head,
Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, Dr. B.K.Patra, Associate
Professor, Department of Veterinary Gynaecology, Dr. D.K. Karna, Senior Scientist,
AICRP on goats, Dr Shanti Bhusan Senapati, Ramalingaswamy Fellow, Institute of
Life Sciences, Dr. A. Maity, Asistant Professor, Department of Veterinary
Biochemistry and Dr. Chinmoy Kumar Mishra , Assistant Professor, Department of
Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar and Dr. Lakshman Ku. Sahoo, Scientist, Fish
Genetics, CIFA, Bhubaneswar for their encouragement and help during my thesis
work
I feel extremely indebted to Dr P. K. Panda, BVO, Kakatpur, Dr. P. K. Mishra,
BVO, Kantabada for their help in collecting blood and serum samples and carrying
out postmortem in areas under their jurisdiction.
I pay sincere acknowledgement to the Honourable Vice-Chancellor, Orissa
University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar and to Prof. R. C. Patra,
Dean, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar
for allowing me as an inservice candidate to carry out and successfully complete my
PhD research work.
I extend my reflective sense of admiration and gratitude to all the teachers and
staff of College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry for their assistance,
encouragement and love during my study period.
I am very much thankful to PhD and MVSc scholars Dr. Chandrabhanu
Mohanty, Dr. Nilakantha Das, Dr. Monalisa Behera, Dr. Tareni Das, Dr.
Soumyaranjan pati, Dr. Hitanshu Sekhar Mishra, Dr. Manoj Pattanaik, Dr. Jasmine
Pamia, Dr. Swati Choudhry, Dr. Asish Mohapatra, of Department of Veterinary
Pathology for their cooperation, inspiration, support and sensible help which paved
the way in completing my research work.
I am also very much obliged to Dr. Prasanna Rath, PhD scholar, Department
of Veterinary Pathology for giving me his precious time, assistance and encouraging
me throughout the course of my thesis work.
I am quite grateful to Miss Sujata Samantray, Laboratory Assistant,
Department of Veterinary pathology for her immense help in processing the suspected
blood samples. The constant help and assistance of Sri S.N. Mahapatra, Sri Kalandi
Charan Mallick and Sri Kalandi Bhoi is also duly accredited.
I bow down my head before my parents with all reverence and adoration for their
eternal blessings and benevolence for the successful completion of this endeavour. Their
endurance of hardship and altruistic sacrifice and encouragement despite silent suffering
of immeasurable magnitude, helped me to complete this thesis work.
I heartily give thanks to my near and dear ones badanana, majhiannana, Kuna,
Sabitanani, Muna, Mani, Bani, Tikini, Baina, Mitu, Manas, Debi, Situ, Jitu, Leena
and their children for their love and affection during my course of thesis work.
From the core of my heart I express my deep sense of appreciation to my
beloved wife Rashmi for all her love, sacrifice to shoulder all house hold
responsibilities and bearing with me during difficult times without which this arduous
task would have been a nightmare.
My heartiest love and affection to my dearest sons Bapun, Kalia and Bolia for
their endurance and sacrifice of being deprived of due care and attention throughout
the period of this study.
My acknowledgement would be incomplete if I don’t bow my head before
SAIBABA for His kind blessings.
(ADITYA PRASAD ACHARYA)
CONTENTS
CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
I INTRODUCTION 1-5
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 6-34
III MATERIALS AND METHODS 35-44
IV RESULTS 45-69
V DISCUSSION 70-81
VI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 82-91
REFERENCES i-xiv
LIST OF FIGURE
FIGURE CONTENTS AFTER
NO. PAGE NO.
1-3 Piroplasms of dot, comma, ring shape in blood smear 45
4-5 Swelling of prescapular lymphnode 53
6 Swelling of prefemoral lymphnode 53
7 Weak and recumbent affected animal 53
8 Pale conjuctiva 53
9 Pale oral mucous membrane 53
10 Anisocytosis and poikilocytosis in a positive smear 61
11 Microcytosis in a positive smear 61
12 Micrometry of affected RBCs 61
13-14 KBB inside the cytoplasm of lymphoblasts 66
15 Mild positive case with 1-2 affected RBCs per 66
microscopic field
16 Moderate positive case with 2-9 affected RBCs per 66
microscopic field
17 Highly positive case with >9 affected RBCs per 66
microscopic field
18 A negative case of theileria with absence of affected RBCs 66
19-21 Agarose gel electrophoresis showing amplification of 67
721bp Tams1 gene
22 Phylogenetic tree analysis of Tams1 gene sequences 67
23 Weak and emaciated carcass 69
24 Pale and icteric skeletal muscles 69
25 Enlarged prescapular lymphnode 69
26-27 Punched out ulcer in abomasum 69
28 Distension and congestion of intestine 69
29 Photomicrograph of liver showing periacinar 69
congestion, hemorrhage and necrosis of hepatocytes
30 Photomicrograph of liver showing centrilobular 69
degeneration, necrosis and cellular infiltration
31 Photomicrograph of liver showing periacinar 69
congestion, hemorrhage and necrosis of hepatocytes
32 Photomicrograph of kidney showing increased 69
glomerular activity with distension of glomerular tuft
and decreased Bowman’s space
33 Photomicrograph of kidney showing cell swelling of 69
tubular epithelial cells occluding the lumen and
necrotic tubular epithelium
34 Photomicrograph of kidney showing infiltration of 69
inflammatory cells in the interstitium and tubular
degeneration
35 Photomicrograph of heart showing intermyecial 69
infiltration of inflammatory cells
36 Photomicrograph of lungs showing congestion, 69
hemorrhage, edema and infiltration in alveolar lumen
and interstitial space in lungs
37 Photomicrograph showing depletion of splenic pulp 69
and infiltration of macrophages and plasma cells
38 Photomicrograph showing depletion of splenic pulp 69
and infiltration of macrophages and plasma cells
39 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing edema and 69
congestion of thickened capsule
40 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing edema and 69
congestion of thickened capsule
41 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing haemorrhage 69
and cellular infiltration of macrophages, plasma cells
42 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing congestion, 69
hemorrhage, infiltration of macrophages
43 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing diffuse 69
haemorrhage
44 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing edema in the 69
parenchyma
45 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing edema in the 69
medullary region
46 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing depletion of 69
lymphoid follicles
47 Photomicrograph of lymphnode showing depletion of 69
lymphocyte with infiltration of macrophages and
plasma cells
48 Photomicrograph showing abomasal ulcer 69
49 Photomicrograph of abomasum showing mucosal 69
desquamation
50 Photomicrograph of abomasum showing desquamation 69
and ulceration
51 Photomicrograph of abomasum showing congestion 69
52 Photomicrograph of abomasum showing infiltration of 69
mononuclear cells in submucosa