factors relating to hpv behaviors of female college students

140 Pages·2016·1.09 MB·English

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Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and
Kinesiology and Health Promotion
Health Promotion
2012
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Nicole Rachael Peritore
University of Kentucky, [email protected]
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Peritore, Nicole Rachael, "FACTORS RELATING TO HPV BEHAVIORS OF FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS"
(2012). Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion. 2.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/2
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Nicole Rachael Peritore, Student
Dr. Melody Noland, Major Professor
Dr. Richard Riggs, Director of Graduate Studies
FACTORS RELATING TO HPV BEHAVIORS OF
FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS

THESIS

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in the
College of Education
at the University of Kentucky

By

Nicole Rachael Peritore

Lexington, Kentucky

Director: Dr. Melody Noland, Professor

2012 Copyright © Nicole Peritore 2012
ABSTRACT OF THESIS

FACTORS RELATING TO HPV BEHAVIORS OF
FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS

This study examined the knowledge, sources of information, reasons for and against
Gardasil® uptake, and possible relationships between unhealthy behaviors and
vaccination for undergraduate college females at a public university. Utilizing an online
survey, 2400 random students were emailed as well as recruited through online classes.
The final sample size was 516 females. The study determined how many participants had
been vaccinated and their rationale for or against vaccination. The majority of study
participants were knowledgeable about HPV and Gardasil®. The primary sources of
information about HPV and Gardasil® were doctors and television; however parents and
friends were also common sources of information. Predictors for HPV inoculation
included race, the belief that the vaccine would protect against HPV, alcohol use, and
engagement in anal intercourse. Over 50% of participants had received at least one dose
of Gardasil®, and 82% had completed the series. The most common rationale for not
getting the vaccine, or not completing the vaccination series, was concern about side
effects. The most common rationale for completing the vaccination or intending to
complete the series was protection from cervical cancer. In conclusion, there is a
continued need provide health education about HPV and HPV vaccination for college
females.
KEYWORDS: HPV, HPV Vaccination, Health Behaviors, Predictability of HPV
Inoculation, Gardasil®
Nicole R Peritore
Student’s Signature
3/19/2012
Date
FACTORS RELATING TO HPV BEHAVIORS OF
FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS

By

Nicole Rachael Peritore

Dr. Melody Noland
Director of Thesis

Dr. Richard Riggs

Director of Graduate Studies

3/19/2012
Date
FACTORS RELATING TO HPV BEHAVIORS OF
FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS

THESIS

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in the
College of Education
at the University of Kentucky

By

Nicole Rachael Peritore

Lexington, Kentucky

Director: Dr. Melody Noland, Professor

2012 Copyright © Nicole Peritore 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... iv

List of Figures……………………………………………………………...…………… v
Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1
Statement of the Problem .............................................................................................. 1
Vaccine Development ................................................................................................... 3
Contributing Factors for Gardasil Uptake..................................................................... 5
Purpose of the Study ..................................................................................................... 6
Theoretical Basis for the Study ................................................................................... 10
Hypotheses .................................................................................................................. 12
Delimitations ............................................................................................................... 13
Limitations .................................................................................................................. 13
Summary ..................................................................................................................... 14
Chapter 2: Literature Review ............................................................................................ 15
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 15
Cancer ......................................................................................................................... 15
Cervical Cancer ........................................................................................................... 17
Human Papillomavirus................................................................................................ 20
HPV Vaccination ........................................................................................................ 22
Sources of Information Regarding HPV and Gardasil® ............................................ 27
Vaccination Rates ....................................................................................................... 30
Health Belief Model .................................................................................................... 30
Unhealthy Behaviors ................................................................................................... 32
Condom Use in College Students ............................................................................... 34
Summary ..................................................................................................................... 35
Chapter 3: Methods ........................................................................................................... 36
Introduction .................................................................................................................. 36
Sample and Population ................................................................................................ 36
Research Design........................................................................................................... 37
Data Collection Procedures.......................................................................................... 38
Protection of Human Subjects ..................................................................................... 40
Survey Instrument ........................................................................................................ 41
Data Analysis ............................................................................................................... 46
Variables ...................................................................................................................... 49
Logistic Regression Dependent Variable ..................................................................... 49
Logistic Regression Independent Variables ................................................................. 49

Chapter 4: Results and Discussion .................................................................................... 53
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 53
Presentation of Results ............................................................................................... 53
Discussion of Results ................................................................................................. 85
Limitations ................................................................................................................. 93
Summary .................................................................................................................... 93
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and Implications ....................................................... 96
Summary .................................................................................................................... 96
Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 96
Implications................................................................................................................ 98
Appendix A: Email Request for Particpation ................................................................. 102
Appendix B: Faculty Assistance with Recruitment Request .......................................... 104
Appendix C: Survey ........................................................................................................ 106
Appendix D: Reminder Email ........................................................................................ 117
Appendix E: Drawing Winners Email Notification ……………..……………….….... 119
Appendix F: Email for True/False Answers…………………………………………... 120
References ....................................................................................................................... 123
Vita .................................................................................................................................. 129
LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1 General Characteristics of the Participants .................................................... 55
Table 4.2 Knowledge of HPV ........................................................................................ 58
Table 4.3 HPV Vaccine Knowledge .............................................................................. 59
Table 4.4 Sources of Information about HPV and HPV Vaccination ........................... 61
Table 4.5 Primary Sources of Information about HPV and HPV Vaccination ............. 62
Table 4.6 Percentage of Participants Who Have received at Least One Vaccination ... 63
Table 4.7 Completion of HPV Vaccination Series ........................................................ 63
Table 4.8 Rationale for Not Getting Vaccine or Not Completeing HPV Vaccination
Series ............................................................................................................. 65
Table 4.9 Rationle for Completing Vaccination Series or Intending to Complete
the HPV Vaccination Series ........................................................................... 67
Table 4.10 Belief of Susceptibility and Severity of HPV and HPV Vaccine .................. 68
Table 4.11 Percentage of Participation in Unhealthy Behaviors in the Past Month ........ 70
Table 4.12 Participant Condom Use in Previous Month ................................................. 71
Table 4.13 Percentage of Condom Use in Previous Month Among Sexually Active
Participants .................................................................................................... 72
Table 4.14 Total Knowledge Score and Condom Use during Vaginal Intercourse ......... 73
Table 4.15 Total Knowledge Score and Condom Use during Anal Intercourse ............. 74
Table 4.16 Total Knowledge Score and Condom Use during Oral Intercourse .............. 75
Table 4.17 Inoculation Rates and Sources of Information .............................................. 76
Table 4.18 HPV Inoculation and Perceived Susceptibility and Severity of HPV ........... 77
Table 4.19 HPV Inoculation and Unhealthy Behaviors................................................... 78
Table 4.20 HPV Inoculation and Sexual Activity with Condom Use ............................. 81
Table 4.21 Predictability of HPV Inoculation ................................................................. 84

iv
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Health Belief Model Applied to Inoculation Against HPV............................ 11
Figure 2.1 Female Reproductive System ......................................................................... 17
Figure 4.1 Total Knowledge Scores of Participants ........................................................ 60

v