Eyes to the South: French Anarchists and Algeria - Libcom

600 Pages·2012·27.97 MB·English

Eyetso t heS outh
FrenAcnha rch&i sAtlsg eria
�
DaviPdo rter
Eyetso t heS outh:
Ft7enc1\hn CLt7chiCLsntd1\s l get7iu
Praise for Eyes to the South:
"Eyes to the South is a unique treasure trove, spanning six decades
of French anarchist engagements with Algeria. Porter offers not
only a detailed account of the perspectives and roles of anarchist
activists and movements, but actually a way to read the larger his­
tory of modern Algeria from an anarchist perspective. The story he
gives us is invaluable in one part for its empirical richness, in an­
other for being an excellent opportunity to explore the complexities
that invariably emerge as anarchist imagination confronts questions
of national liberation. Porter's sensitive, learned, and accessible
account is highly recommended for anyone wishing to acquire a
deeper knowledge of the history of modern Algeria, as well as of
the range of anarchist approaches, in both France and Algeria, to
the pathways of Algerian politics before and since independence."
-Mohammed Bamyeh, author of Antnch,yIO Sr der:
TheJl lSwrayn dF utur0/e C iviHcu manity
"l Eyes to the South J is an eminently timely book, offering valuable
background, a wealth of information, and rich context that Anglo­
phones have had little access to. David Porter leads us efficiently
through a complex thicket of events and people, while also guiding
us through the essentials of interactivist debates still relevant today.
This alternate history of Algeria's struggle to eliminate French rule
and transform itself from the inside makes it clear that the grass­
roots urge to mobilize for social justice in North Africa-and the
need for anarchists in colonizing (or neocolonizing) countries to
grapple with the liberatory manifestations of these popular upris­
ings-didn't begin and won't end with 2011 's Arab Spring."
-Maia Ramnath, author of DecoloniAznianrgc hism:
AnA ntiauthoriHtiasrtiooarfnyI ndiaL'zsb eratSitornu ggle
"Thoroughly researched and based not just on French-language
studies but also on primary sources, including interviews with
militants, Eyes to the South makes a significant and valuable con­
tribution to a small but growing literature analyzing the complex
and problematic engagement of anarchists with decolonisation in
general, and Algeria in particular. Through its rather modestly
named 'background' sections and David Porter's concluding re­
flections, it also helps fill a huge gap in our knowledge and un­
derstanding of the French anarchist movement from 1945 to the
present. Highly recommended."
-David Berry, author of A Histo0r/ tyh eF rench
AnarchMiosvte men}t 91,7 to19 45
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© 2011D aviPdo rter
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ISBN:9 78-14-9835-07Ic6 B-o1o IkS B:N9 78-184-93-05778-
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T1\BLEO FC ONTENTS
Mapo fA lge.r.ia. . . . ...............................j. .. . . . .
Acnkoweldgnmte.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
KeyI nit.i.a.ls. . . . . .........................3.. .... .. .. . . .
BasiTcim elifnoAerl giea1r,59 -4Pre.se..n..t.. ..........5.. .. .
Foerwrod,S ybalyiv Bnou lou.q.u.e.. . . .. ..... ....7. .
. . . . . . . .
Introduction
PersoItnnraold uc.t.i..o.n.. . . ................".. 1..0.. . . .
HiosrtiBcacaklrg ouonfdM oderAnl geTrhieCa o:l onial
Contaenxtdth Aen it-lCnooiMaolve me.nt... .. . . ...1..3 . . . .
AnarscBtha ikcgro.un.d. ............................1..6. . .
Post-WoWralrdI IF rencAhn archi.s.t. .s. ... . .... . . . . . . . . . . .1.6. .
AnarchiasntdNs a tiona.l.i.s.m. . . ...... .... . . .... . . . . . . . . . .1.8. .
AnarchiisnAt lsg er. .i.a. . . . ...... . . . . . . ...... ... . . . . . . . . .. . .2.0.
BookO ragnizatiMoent haondydo. l.o..g............ . .2.3. . . .
PART I TheA lgeriWaanr ( 1954-1N9at6i2o)n:al ism,
Violencaen,dR evolution
AlgerBiaacnk groRuenadl:oi ftt ihNeea st ional
LiebratSituorgng .le. . . ... .... .. ... ....2.8.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FrenAcnhah ricsBmac kgroEungnadg:e mPeonlitaz,ra tion,
anSdp l.i.ts. . . . ..................................3..3.. .
FrenAcnha rcPhoissitt. i.o.ns.. .................. . .36. . . . . . .
FederatCioomnm unisLtieb erta.i. .r.e. . . ......... . . . . . . . ......3 6
I)aniel Gu.e. .r.i.n. . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . ...... .4. 2
GAARINoiertR oug.e. . . . . .... . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . .....5 .1
FederatAinoanr chi. .s.t.e.. .. . . .... . . . . .... . . . .... . . . . . ...... .5 7
AlbeCratm us. . . .... . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . ........... . . . . . ...... .6 7
Temoin.s. . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . ........... . . .... . . . . . .7.1.
Anarcho-Pac.i. .fi.s.t.s. ...... . . . . . . . . . .......... . . . . ...... .7.6
AnarchIon-dividu.a.l.i...s.t.s. . . . . . . . ......... . . . .... . . . . ....8 2
PARTI I TheB enB ellRae gime( 1962-1965):
Ideaaln dR ealiotfyW orkers'
SelMfa-nagement
AlgerBiaacrnko gunPdo:w eSrtg rgulaens"d A glerSioacnlii sam9"0
FrenAcnha rchBiacskmg roSuunpdp:Yo orutn,Vg iesri ons
anFda dVeidt a.li.t..y. ..... . . ............1.5.0. ....... . .
FrenAcnahr cshPtio sit..i.o...n..s ................ .......1 80
DanilGe ueri..n. ..................................1 .0.8. ......
GAAR/N aiert R oug.e. .............................. 1.1.9. .....
Federation A.n.a.r.c.h.i.s.t.e. .......................1..2. 2. ...
Temoi.n.s.. ...........................................1.2.8. .
PART IIIT heB oumedienRneeg ime( 1965-1S9ta7t8e) :
SocialiasnmdP olitiIcsalla m
AlgeBriakacgonr unBdal:na ciLnegfa tn Rdi gihnt
ConlsiodatthiRene gg i..m.e.. ......................... 130
FrenAcnhac rhiBsamcg kronud:N ewR eflectoinAo lgnesr ian
Autogesatntidho Pene aakn Adf teromfMa at-yhuJ n1e69 .8 .1.53
FrencAhn acrhiPsoitst i.o..n..s.. ........ ................ 137
DaniGeule ri..n. ..................................1.3.7. ......
Naicrt R oug..e. ........................................1.4.9. .
raL anternNeo i.r.e.. .....................................1.56.
UGAC/TAC. ...................................1.5.9. ........
ORA/OCLlUTCLIOC.A. ........................1.6.3. .......
FederatAi noanr ch.i.s..t.c. ...............................1.6.9.
AnarchiestmN co n�V iole.n.c.e. ..........................1..8. 1.
PART IV TheC hadlBio,u diaafn dZ erouaRle gimes
(1979-1B9er9b9ea)rn: d U rbanR evolts,
LiberalizaatnidMo inl itary/IslCaimviiWslat r
AlgerBiaacnkrg ou:nG drassIrnosoutrsg PeonltiRste,if coarlm
adnt h"eB laDcekc adoefV" i olen..c e. . . . . ... 1 .9 0. . . . . . . . .
.
FrenAcnhah ricsBma cgkronudT:h eP luraMloivsetmiecn t
SorOtus.t ........ ........ ..................... . ..... 189
FrenAcnhac rhiPsots it.i...o..n..s. ......... ............ 200
UTCLIA lternaLtiibveer t.a.i.r..e.. . . .......................2.0 0
Anarcho�Synd.i.c.a. .l.i..s.t.s.. ........ .... . ........ ......2.1 1
InfoestA nalysLeisb ert.a.i.r.e..s.. ........... ...............2 .16
OrganisaCtoimomnu nisLtieb ert(aOiCrLe). .................. .2 19
InformateitRo enflse xiLoinbs ertaLiarG ersylf .f.e. ........ ......2 34
L'Oiseau-te.m.p..e.t..e... ................ . ....... .........2 47
FederatAinoanr ch.i.s.t...e. ................................. 248
SCALP/REFLEX/PNaos ar.a.n. .. . ..........................3 11
PART V TheB outeflRiekgai m(e1 999-Present):
HorizontaRleissits taanncdeA uthoritarian
Rule
AlgerBiaacnk grouKnadb:y le IncsyuA,rs gsmeebnlies
Movemeanntd t h"e DemocraitcF"a ca.d.e. . . .... . .. . . . . .3 20
FrenAcnha rchBiascmk grouDnids:t iVnoicctea sn dI dnettii.e.s.3 28
FrenAchna rcshtPi osit.i.o.n. .s. . . . . . . . . ........ . .... . . . .3 32
AlternaLtiibveer t.a.i.r.e. . .... . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . .... . . . .3.3 2
OrganisaCtoimomnu nisLtieb ert.a.i.r. .e. . . . ...... . . . . .... . . .3.4 7
FederatAinoanr chi. .s.t.e. . .... . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . .3.7.5.
CoordinadteisGo rno upeAsn archi(sCtGeAs.) . . .. . . . . . . .... . . .3.9 3
Anarcho-Syndi(ceaNlTi-sAtIasTn dC NT-F.). . .. . . . . . . . . . . .3.9.5.
LeJ urLai bertaire 430
. . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . .......... . . ..... . . . . .
No Pasar.a. n. . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . . . .4.3.9.
L'Oiseau-tempete 449
. . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . ........ . . .... . . . . .
OffensLiivbec rtcatiS rocc ia(lOeL S.). . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . .4.5.5.
Refractions 461
. . . . . . . . . . ...... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . .
InsurrectAinoanricshti. s.t. .s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .4.6.5. . . .
Conclusion
AnacrhisimnA lger. .i.a. . .... . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . .4. .7 6
FrenAcnha rchis"tAslt'ne artiHvies tyo"or fA lge.r.i. a. . . . . .4.8 5
Relfectioontn hsFe r enAcnha rchMiosvte emn.t.. . . . . . . . . . 4. .89
Refleicotsno nt hAen archist MoGveenmreeanlt.l. y. . . . . . . .4.9 3
Endnot. .e.s. . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . . .4. .9 7
Biblgiroap.h.y. . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . ... .. .5 60
Indxe . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . . . . .5. .65