Explanatory style

314 Pages·1995·8.004 MB·English

by  Buchanan, Gregory McClellan, Seligman, Martin E. P

Explanatory Style
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EXPLANATORY STYLE
Edited by
Gregory McClellan Buchanan
Martin E. P. Seligman
University of Pennsylvania
Routledge
R Taylor & Francis Croup
NEW YORK AND LONDON
First Published by
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers
10 Industrial Avenue
Mahwah, New Jersey 07430
Transferred to Digital Prinling 2009 by Roulledge
270 Madison Ave, New York NY 10016
27 Church Road, Hove, East Sussex, BN3 2FA
Copyright © 1995 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of the book may be reproduced in
any form, by photostat, microform, retrieval system, or any other
means, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloghi£-in-Puhlication Data
Explanatory style / edited by Gregory McClellan Buchanan, Martin E. P.
Seligman.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 0-8058-0924 4
1. Communication—Psychological aspccts. 2. Explanation.
I. Buchanan, Gregory McClellan. 11. Seligman, Martin E. P.
BF637.C45E93 1994
153.7—dc20 94-1043
CIP
Publisher’s Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint
but points out that some imperfections in the original may be apparent.
We dedicate this volume to
Leslie Derek McClellan and
Irene Brown Seligman.
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Contents
Acknowledgments
1 Explanatory Style: History and Evolution of the Field
Christopher Peterson, Gregory McClellan Buchanan,
and Martin E. P. Seligman
2 'l'hc Measurement of Explanatory Style
Karen Reivich
3 The Origins of Explanatory Style: Trust as a Determinant
of Optimism and Pessimism
Jane Penaz Eisner
4 Explanatory Style and Achievement, Depression, and
Gender Differences in Childhood and Early Adolescence
Susan Nolcn-Hoeksema and Joan S. Girgus
5 The Role of Causal Attributions in the Prediction
of Depression
Clive J. Robins and Adele M. Hayes
viii
6 Explanatory Style in the Treatment of Depression 99
Robert J. DeRubeis and Steven D. Hollon
7 Hopelessness Depression 113
Lyn Y. Abramson, Lauren B. Alloy, and Gerald I. Metalsky
8 Explanatory Style in Anxiety and Depression 135
Susan Mineka, Cynthia L. Pury, and Alice G. Luten
9 Explanatory Style and Achievement in School and Work 159
Peter Schulman
10 Sports and Explanatory Style 173
David Ret tew and Karen Reivich
11 Pessimistic Rumination in American Politics and Society 187
Harold M. Zullow
12 Explanatory Style in the Context of Culture 209
Gabriele Oettingen
13 Explanatory Style and Coronary Heart Disease 225
Gregory McClellan Buchanan
14 Explanatory Style and Health 233
Christopher Peterson
15 Afterword: The Future of the Field 247
Gregory McClellan Buchanan and Martin E. P. Seligman
References 253
Author Index 281
Subject Index 293
Acknowledgments
We wish to extend our thanks to Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, and,
in particular, Judith Amsel, for the preparation and care of this work. We would
like to acknowledge our contributors Lyn Abramson, Lauren Alloy, Rob
DcRubeis, Jane Eisner, Joan Girgus, Adele Hayes, Steve Hollon, Alice I.uten,
Gerald Metalsky, Sue Mineka, Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, Gabriele Oettingen, Chris
Peterson, Cynthia Pury, Karen Reivich, David Rettew, Clive Robins, Peter Schul-
man. and Ilarold Zullow. We also acknowledge the significant contribution of
Dr. Mary Anne Layden to the authorship of the Attributiona! Style Questionnaire
(ASQ). Finally, we extend our gratitude to the countless researchers who have
utilized the ASQ, CAVE technique, and other aspects of explanatory style in
their work. It is the efforts of these many, many individuals that have collectively
led to our understanding, curiosity, and excitement about this area.
Gregory McClellan Buchanan
Marlin E. P. Seligman