Exile and Revolution: José D. Poyo, Key West, and Cuban Independence

318 Pages·2014·4.025 MB·English

by  Gerald E. Poyo

Exile and Revolution
university press of florida
Florida A&M University, Tallahassee
Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton
Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers
Florida International University, Miami
Florida State University, Tallahassee
New College of Florida, Sarasota
University of Central Florida, Orlando
University of Florida, Gainesville
University of North Florida, Jacksonville
University of South Florida, Tampa
University of West Florida, Pensacola

EXILE AND
REVOLUTION
José D. Poyo, Key West, and Cuban Independence
gerald e. poyo
University Press of Florida
Gainesville · Tallahassee · Tampa · Boca Raton
Pensacola · Orlando · Miami · Jacksonville · Ft. Myers · Sarasota
Copyright 2014 by Gerald E. Poyo
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America. This book is printed on Glatfelter Natures Book,
a paper certified under the standards of the Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC). It is a
recycled stock that contains 30 percent post-consumer waste and is acid free.
Frontispiece: “Birds Eye View of Key West, Monroe County, Fla. 1884.” J. J. Stoner, 1884.
Lithograph printed in Milwaukee by Beck and Pauli. Source: Library of Congress,
Geography and Map Division.
This book may be available in an electronic edition.
19 18 17 16 15 14 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Poyo, Gerald Eugene, 1950– author.
Exile and revolution : José D. Poyo, Key West, and Cuban independence / Gerald E. Poyo.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8130-4918-2
1. Poyo, José D. (José Dolores), 1837–1911. 2. Cuba—History—1878–1895. 3. Cubans—
Florida—Key West—History. 4. Key West (Fla.)—History. I. Title.
F1783.P77P69 2014
972.91’05—dc23
2013034531
University Press of Florida
15 Northwest 15th Street
Gainesville, FL 32611-2079
http://www.upf.com
To Noel and Jeremy
This page intentionally left blank
CONTENTS
List of Figures / ix
Preface / xi
Introduction / 1
1. Community / 9
2. Nationalism / 37
3. Revolution / 65
4. Preservation / 95
5. Persistence / 118
6. Martí / 137
7. Crisis / 167
8. War / 192
9. Legacy / 226
Notes / 251
Bibliography / 281
Index / 291
This page intentionally left blank
FIGURES
Frontispiece. “Birds Eye View of Key West, Monroe County, Fla. 1884”
1.Cuban student martyrs 30
2.José Dolores Poyo, ca. 1880 38
3.Exile newspapers, 1890s 67
4.Convención Cubana de Cayo Hueso 130
5.José Martí and José D. Poyo with tobacco workers, 1892 157
6.José Martí and José D. Poyo in a cigar factory in Key West 187
7.Cuban expeditionary force, ca. 1897 205