Exemplary Comparison from Homer to Petrarch

420 Pages·2008·6.916 MB·English

by  Olive Sayce

Exemplary Comparison
from Homer to Petrarch
Olive Sayce
Emeritus Fellow and Tutor of
Somerville College, Oxford
D. S. BREWER
© Olive Sayce 2008
All rights reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation
no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system,
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without the prior permission of the copyright owner
The right of Olive Sayce to be identified as
the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with
sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
First published 2008
D. S. Brewer, Cambridge
ISBN 978-1-84384-099-2
D. S. Brewer is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd
PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP 12 3DF, UK
and of Boydell & Brewer Inc,
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A CIP catalogue record for this book is available
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This publication is printed on acid-free paper
Printed in Great Britain by
Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire
For Michael Hawcroft

Contents
Acknowledgements viii
The Texts ix
Abbreviated References X
Abbreviations of Poets’ Names xii
Introduction 1
1 Homer: The Iliad and the Odyssey 9
2 Virgil: The Aeneid 29
3 Latin Poets from Catullus to Ovid 38
4 Latin Poets from Antiquity to the Middle Ages 84
5 The Troubadour Poets 141
6 The Trouvère Poets 199
7 The German Poets 238
8 The Sicilian and Italian Poets 288
Conclusion 343
Bibliography 356
Glossary of Technical Terms 375
Index of Poets and Works 378
Index of Proper Names 380
408
General Index
Acknowledgements
In preparing this book I have incurred many debts, first and foremost to
Michael Hawcroft, who read and commented on the drafts of all the chapters
as they took shape. I dedicate the book to him as a sign of my gratitude
for his long-standing friendship and generous scholarship. My next most
considerable personal and scholarly debt is to John Was for his expertise
and willing help in so many areas, from the interpretation and translation of
classical Greek and Latin and medieval Latin texts, to technical problems of
layout and typesetting.
I have benefited greatly from the specialist knowledge and help of other
colleagues, in particular, Tony Hunt, Peter Hainsworth, Valerio Lucchesi, and
Russell Goulbourne. I am particularly indebted to the resources of the Taylo-
rian and Bodleian libraries and their librarians past and present. My family
and many friends, among them in particular Robin Jacoby, have continued
to encourage and support me throughout. To them all I express my heartfelt
thanks. The scholarly example of my husband, Richard Sayce, remained a
constant inspiration.
Finally, I wish to acknowledge the award of a grant from a fund set up in
Somerville College by a legacy under the will of Rose Graham (1875-1963),
a distinguished medieval historian, ‘to assist the publication of contributions
to learning by members of the College’. For this I am doubly indebted - not
only to the college, but also to the generous and enlightened intentions of the
donor.
Oxford, November 2007 Olive Sayce
The Texts
Since the classical and post-classical texts in chapters 1-4 are mainly intended
as background to illustrate general developments in the use of exemplary com­
parisons, the original classical texts in chapters 1—3 are taken from editions
in the Loeb Classical Library (Harvard University Press). In the post-classical
texts in chapter 4, the Loeb editions of Statius, Silvae, the Minor Latin Poets
and [Cicero], Rhetorica ad Herennium are likewise cited, but in most cases an
abbreviated reference is given at the head of each text to the standard indivi­
dual or collected edition. In the vernacular poets, the first line of the poem
from which the extract is taken (or an abbreviated form of it), an indication
of the type of poem, an abbreviated reference to the standard bibliography
in the case of troubadour and trouvère poems, and an abbreviated reference
to the edition used, is placed at the head of the entry. For abbreviations of
individual and collected editions, see the relevant section of the Bibliography.
The Index of Poets and Works gives page references to all textual examples
cited.
The translations
Even where the texts are taken from editions with facing translations, these
are always omitted. All the translations are my own.
Numbering
Exemplary comparisons are numbered in bold. In order to avoid confusion
between poem and stanza numbering, arabic numbers are normally used for
poems, and roman numerals for stanzas, or sections in a leich (even if this
differs from the numbering of the edition adopted). The only exceptions are
Marner 1-3, in which the edition of Strauch/Brackert uses roman numerals
to group together all stanzas in the same form, either in a polystrophic poem
(as in 1), or in longer series of didactic stanzas (as in 2 and 3), and arabic
numerals for individual stanzas. Here, exceptionally, the roman numerals are
retained for the series, but in order to avoid confusion between stanza and
line numbering, roman numerals are used for stanzas, as elsewhere.
Other graphic conventions
Textual omissions in the main verse texts and their translation are indicated
by [...].
Passages in speech are enclosed in double quotation marks in both text and
translation.
Abbreviated References
Aen. Virgil, Aeneid
Am. Ovid, Amores
Append. Tibull. Appendix Tibulliana
Archiv Archiv fur das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen
Ars Am. Ovid, Ars Amatoria
ATB Altdeutsche Textbibliothek
Carm. Cant. Carmina Cantabrigiensia
CB Carmina Burana
CFMA Classiques Framjais du Moyen Age
D preceding numbering of troubadour poems, see Distilo, Per
le concordanze, p. 360
DVjs Deutsche Vierteljahresschrift fur Literaturwissenschaft und
Geistesgeschichte
Epist. Horace, Epistles
Epod. Horace, Epodes
Ex Ponto Ovid, Ex Ponto
GAG Goppinger Arbeiten zur Germanistik
Her. Ovid, Heroides
II. Homer, Iliad
KLD see Kraus, Liederdichter, p. 370
L. refers to Lachmann’s numbering of the poems of Walther
von der Vogelweide
‘Laus Pis.’ ‘Laus Pisonis’
Loeb Loeb Classical Library
Mar. Am. Il Mare Amoroso
Mem. Boi. Memoriali Bolognesi
Met. Ovid, Metamorphoses
MF Des Minnesangs Fruhling
MGHAA Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctores Antiquissimi
MGH Poetae Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Poetae latini medii Aevi
MGH Scriptores Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores rerum
Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi
MHG Middle High German
MJ Mittellateinisches Jahrbuch
MLP Minor Latin Poets
MLat. Medieval Latin
MS J see Die Jenaer Handschrift, ed. Holz/Saran/Bernouilli
MTU Munchener Texte und Untersuchungen zur deutschen
Literatur des Mittelalters
OBMLatV Oxford Book of Medieval Latin Verse
Oc. Occitan, from the designation langue d’oc
Od. Homer, Odyssey
Odes Horace, Odes
OF Old French
OP Old Provencal
PC preceding numbering of troubadour poems, see
Pillet/Carstens, Bibliographie, p. 360
PLM Poetae latini minores
Pr. Trist. Prose Tristan
Purg. Dante, Purgatorio
R preceding the numbering of OF poems, see Raynaud,
Bibliographie; Spanke, Raynauds Bibliographie; Linker,
Bibliography, pp. 364 f.
Rem. Am. Ovid, Remedia Amoris
RLR Revue des Langues Romanes
Sat. Horace, Satires
SATF Société des An ciens Textes Francis
Silv. Statius, Silvae
SM Studi Medievali
SM1 Die Schweizer Minnesanger, ed. Bartsch
SM2 Die Schweizer Minnesanger, ed. Schiendorfer
TLF Textes Littéraires Francis
Trist. Ovid, Tristia
VL2 Verfasserlexiko n2
ZfdP Zeitschrift fùr deutsche Philologie
ZRP Zeitschrift fùr romanische Philologie
Abbreviations of Poets’ Names
Ad. Halle Adam de la Halle
Aim. Bel. Aimeric de Belenoi
Aim. Peg. Aimeric de Peguilhan
Alb. Mass. Alberto di Massa di Maremma
Alexander Der wilde Alexander
‘Amico’ ‘Amico di Dante’
Andr. Contr. Andrieu Contredit d’Arras
Arn. Dan. Arnaut Daniel
Arn. Mar. Arnaut de Mareuil
Azalais Azalais d’Altier
Baudri Baudri de Bourgueil
Benzo Benzo of Alba
Bernger Bernger von Horheim
Bern. Vent. Bernart de Ventadorn
Bertr. Born Bertran de Born
Binduccio Binduccio da Firenze
Blondel Blondel de Nesle
Botenlouben Otto von Botenlouben
Calvo Bonifacio Calvo
Catuli. Catullus
Cerveri Cerveri de Girona
Chiaro Chiaro Davanzati
Chrétien Chrétien de Troyes
Cino Cino da Pistoia
Claud. Claudian
Comte Bret. Le Comte de Bretagne
Comt. Dia La Comtessa de Dia
Couci Le Chastelain de Couci
D. Maiano Dante da Maiano
Daude Prad. Daude de Pradas
Donzella La Compiuta Donzella
Duch. Lorr. La Duchesse de Lorraine
Einh. Einhard
El. Barj. Elias de Barjols
El. Cair. Elias Cairel
Ermold. Ermoldus Nigellus
Eustache Eustache le Peintre
Falq. Rom. Falquet de Romans
Fil. Mess. Filippo da Messina