Table Of ContentProceedings in Life Sciences
Evolution and Genetics
of Life Histories
Edited by
Hugh Dingle and Joseph P. Hegmann
With Contributions by
J. ANTONOVICS, W.S. BLAU, B.P. BRADLEY,
C.K. BROWN, R.W. DOYLE, J. T. GIESEL,
J.P. HEGMANN, C.A. ISTOCK, C.E. KING,
R. LANDE, M. MANLOVE, T.R. MEAGHER,
P. MURPHY, R.A. MYERS, R.J. SCHULTZ,
C.A. TAUBER, M.J. TAUBER, A.R. TEMPLETON
With 47 Figures
Springer Science+B usiness Media, LLC
Hugh Dingle Joseph P. Hegmann
Program in Evolutionary Program in Evolutionary
Ecology and Behavior Ecology and Behavior
Department of Zoology Department of Zoology
University of Iowa University of Iowa
Iowa City, Iowa 52242 U.S.A. Iowa City, Iowa 52242 U.S.A.
Production: Marie Donovan
On the front cover: The figure on the front cover is a three-dimensional projection of
the genetic corre1ations among life history variables of the milkweed bug, Oncopeltus
!asciatus, samp1ed from Iowa. (See Chapter 10 for discussion.)
Library of Congress Cata10ging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Evolution and genetics of life histories.
(Proceedings in life sciences)
"This vo1ume is the result of a Symposium entit1ed
"Variation in Life Histories: Genetics and Evo1utionary
Processes" sponsored by the Program in Evo1utionary Eco1-
ogy and Behavior of the University of Iowa and held in
Iowa City on October 13 and 14, 1980"-Pref.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Evo1ution-Congresses. 2. Variation (Bio10gY)-Congresses. 3. Genetics-Congres-
ses. I. Dingle, Hugh, 1946- . 11. Hegmann, Joseph P. 111. Program in Evolutionary
Eco10gy and Behavior (University of Iowa). IV. Title. V. Series.
QH359.E9 575 82-3188
AACR2
© 1982 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally pub1ished by Springer-Verlag New York Inc. in 1982
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1982
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be translated or reproduced in any form
without written permission from Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication,
even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such
names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly
be used free1y by anyone.
9 8 7 6 5 432 1
ISBN 978-3-540-90702-2 ISBN 978-3-662-25812-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-25812-5
Preface
This volume is the result of a symposium entitled "Variation in Life Histories: Genetics
and Evolutionary Processes" sponsored by the Program in Evolutionary Ecology and
Behavior ofthe University of Iowa and held in Iowa City on October 13 and 14, 1980.
Prompted by arecent upsurge of interest in the evolution of life histories, we chose this
topic because of the obvious association between life history traits and Darwinian fit
ness. If such an association were to be fruitfully investigated, it would require the eloser
cooperation of population and evolutionary ecologists and quantitative and population
geneticists. To encourage such an association, our symposium had four major aims:
first, to facilitate intellectual exchange across disciplines among an array of biologists
studying life histories; second, to encourage exploration of genetic variance and covari
ance for life history traits; third, to consider the ecological background for genetic vari
ability; and finally, to facilitate a comparative overview both within and among species.
Obviously such broad aims cannot be met totally in a single volume, but we think
we have succeeded reasonably wen in providing a representative and nourishing intel
lectual feast. We see this book as a stimulus to the coordination of future efforts in an
important and expanding area of inquiry. We have divided the book into six sections.
The first opens with two chapters on the theoretical background provided by popu
lation biology and quantitative genetics, and is followed by two sections in which the
roles of physiological adaptation and modes of reproduction, respectively, in life history
evolution are considered. These are in turn followed by sections examining the quanti
tative genetics of life histories, assessing variation first within populations and then
among populations and species. The final section is an edited transcription of the con
eluding discussion, which we hope captures the flavor of the symposium and the
stimuli and challenges to future research that resulted. In any event, we hope readers
of this book learn from its chapters as we have and are encouraged to tackle so me of
the difficult but fascinating problems presented.
The chapters of this volume are expanded and, in some cases, revised versions of all
but one of the papers delivered in Iowa City. Regrettably, Dr. Patricia Werner felt it
necessary, because of time constraints, to withdraw her paper from this volume. All
papers were reviewed by referees chosen by the editors, and we feel that the quality of
vi Preface
this book has been enhanced substantially as a result. For their thorough and perceptive
reviews of manuscripts, we wish to thank Roger Milkman, David Hamill, James F.
Leslie, Michael Rose, Michael Wade, John M. Emlen, Roger Doyle, Conrad Istock,
Michael Lynch, Egbert Leigh, Stevan Amold, Alan Templeton, Janis Antonovics, John
Endler, J. David Allan, and Charles Oliver. We owe a special debt of thanks to Stevan
Amold, Michael Lynch, and Barbara Schaa1, who accepted on short notice and with
out hesitation the challenging task of leading the final discussion.
We also wish to thank the many people who made the task of organizing and edit
ing so much easier for uso We owe special debts to our families and our students, who
often bore the brunt of inconvenient absences for planning and editing sessions, and
who were supportive and reassuring in the midst of attacks of panic. Bob Davis and the
staff of the University of Iowa Center for Conferences and Institutes professionally
and skillfully handled the logistics ofthe symposium. Deena Staub, Robin Wagner, and
Carol Wolvington helped with editing and typing in Iowa City. Mark Licker and Marie
Donovan of Springer-Verlag guided the book through the various stages of publication
with their usual skill. Finally, we should like to thank the authors both for intellectua1
pleasure and for to1erating our irnpatience with equanirnity.
Iowa City Hugh Dingle
March 1982 J oseph P. Hegmann
Contents
Introductory Chapter
Genetics, Ecology, and the Evolution of Life Histories
Hugh Dingle and Joseph P. Hegmann . ................................ 1
Part One
Theory .................................................. .5
Chapter 1
Some Theoretical Considerations Concerning Life History Evolution
Conrad A. Istock (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... 7
Chapter 2
Elements of a Quantitative Genetic Model of Life History Evolution
Russell Lande . .............................................. 21
Part Two
Physiological Adaptation .....................................3 1
Chapter 3
Models for Physiological and Genetic Adaptation to Variable
Environments
Brian P. Bradley ............................................. 33
Chapter 4
Evolution of Seasonal Adaptations and Life History Traits in Chrysopa :
Response to Diverse Selective Pressures
Catherine A. Tauber and Maurice J. Tauber (With 2 Figures) ................ 51
vili Contents
Part Three
Modes of Reproduction ......................................7 3
Chapter 5
The Prophecies of Parthenogenesis
Alan R. Templeton (With 9 Figures) ................................ 75
Chapter 6
Competition and Adaptation Among Diploid and Polyploid Clones of
Unisexual Fishes
R. Jack Schultz (With 1 Figure) .................................. 103
Chapter 7
The Evolution of Ufe Span
Charles E. King (With 9 Figures) .................................. 121
Chapter 8
Ufe History Variation in Dioecious Plant Populations: A Case Study
of Chamaelirium luteum
Thomas R. Meagher and Janis Antonovics (With 3 Figures) ................ 139
Part Four
Life History Variation Within Populations ...................... 1 55
Chapter 9
The Measurement of the Direct and Indirect Intensities of Natural
Se1ection
Roger W. Doyle and Ransom A. Myers (With 8 Figures) .................. 157
Chapter 10
Phenotypic and Genetic Covariance Structure in Milkweed Bug Life
History Traits
Joseph P. Hegmann and Hugh Dingle (With 2 Figures) ................... 177
Part Five
Life History Variation Among Populations ......................1 87
Chapter 11
An Investigation of the Effects of Temperature on the Genetic
Organizations of Life History Indices in Three Populations of
Drosophila melanogaster
James T. Giesel, Patricia Murphy, and Michael Manlove
(With 5 Figures) ............................................ 189
Contents ix
Chapter 12
Population Crosses and the Genetic Structure of Milkweed Bug Life
Histories
Hugh Dingle, William S. Blau, earl Kice Brown, and Joseph P. Hegmann
(With 6 Figures) ............................................ 209
Part Six
Closing Discussion .........................................2 31
Index ...................................................2 45
List of Contributors
*STEV AN J. ARNOLD Department of Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago,
lllinois 60637, U .S.A.
JANIS ANTONOVICS Department of Botany, Duke University, Durharn, North
Carolina 27706, U.S.A.
WILLIAM S. BLAU Program in Evolutionary Ecology and Behavior, Department of
Zoology, University oflowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, U.S.A.
BRIAN P. BRADLEY Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland,
Baltimore, Maryland 21228, U.S.A.
CARL KICE BROWN Prograrn in Evolutionary Ecology and Behavior, Department
of Zoology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, U.S.A.
HUGH DINGLE Program in Evolutionary Ecology and Behavior, Department of
Zoology, University oflowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, U.S.A.
ROGER W. DOYLE Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova
Scotia B3H 4J1 , Canada
JAMES T. GIESEL Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32611, U.S.A.
JOSEPH P. HEGMANN Program in Evolutionary Ecology and Behavior, Department
of Zoology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, U.S.A.
*Discussion leader
