European Integration and Transformation in the Western Balkans: Europeanization or Business as Usual?

221 Pages·2013·3.104 MB·English

by  Arolda Elbasani

European Integration and
Transformation in the
Western Balkans
This book investigates the scope and limitations of the transformative power of
EuropeanUnionenlargementintheWesternBalkans.
The extension of EU enlargement policy to the region has generated high
expectations that enlargement will regulate democratic institution-building and
fosterreform,muchasitdidinCentralandEasternEurope.However,thereisvery
littleresearchonwhetherandhowunfavourabledomesticconditionsmightmiti-
gate the transformative power of the EU. This volume investigates the role of
domesticfactors,identifying‘stateness’asthemissinglinkbetweentheassumed
transformativepoweroftheEUandtheactualcapacitytoadoptEUrulesacross
the region. Including chapters on Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo
andBosnia-Herzegovina,leadingscholarsinthefieldofferup-to-datecomparative
analysisofkeyareasofinstitutionalandpolicyreform;includingstatebureaucracy,
rule of law, electoral management, environmental governance, cooperation with
theInternationalCourtofJustice,economicliberalizationandforeignpolicy.
Looking to the future and the implications for policy change, European
IntegrationandTransformationintheWesternBalkansprovidesanewtheoretical
andempiricalfocusonthislittleunderstoodarea.Thebookwillbeofinterestto
scholarsandstudentsofEUpolitics,comparativedemocratization,post-communist
transitionsandBalkanareastudies.
Arolda Elbasani is Jean Monnet Fellow at the European University Institute in
Florence,Italy.
Routledge/UACESContemporaryEuropeanStudies
EditedbyFedericaBicchi,LondonSchoolofEconomicsand
PoliticalScience,TanjaBo¨rzel,FreeUniversityofBerlin,and
MarkPollack,TempleUniversity,onbehalfoftheUniversity
AssociationforContemporaryEuropeanStudies
EditorialBoard:GrainneDeBu´rca,EuropeanUniversityInstituteandColumbia
University;AndreasFøllesdal,NorwegianCentreforHumanRights,Universityof
Oslo; Peter Holmes, University of Sussex; Liesbet Hooghe, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; David Phinnemore,
Queen’sUniversity Belfast; BenRosamond,University ofWarwick; VivienAnn
Schmidt, University of Boston; Jo Shaw, University of Edinburgh; Mike Smith,
University of Loughborough; and Loukas Tsoukalis, ELIAMEP, University of
AthensandEuropeanUniversityInstitute.
The primary objective of the new Contemporary European Studies series is to
provide a research outlet for scholars of European Studies from all disciplines.
Theseriespublishesimportantscholarlyworksandaimstoforgeforitselfaninter-
nationalreputation.
1. TheEUandConflictResolution 5. TheEndofEuropean
Promotingpeaceinthebackyard Integration
NathalieTocci Anti-Europeanismexamined
PaulTaylor
2. CentralBankingGovernancein
theEuropeanUnion 6. TheEuropeanUnionandthe
Acomparativeanalysis Asia-Pacific
LuciaQuaglia Media,publicandeliteperceptions
oftheEU
3. NewSecurityIssuesinNorthern EditedbyNataliaChabanand
Europe MartinHolland
TheNordicandBalticstatesand
theESDP 7. TheHistoryoftheEuropean
EditedbyCliveArcher Union
Originsofatrans-and
4. TheEuropeanUnionand supranationalpolity1950–72
InternationalDevelopment EditedbyWolframKaiser,
Thepoliticsofforeignaid BrigitteLeuchtand
MaurizioCarbone MortenRasmussen
8. InternationalActors, 15. TheEuropeanUnionasa
Democratizationandthe LeaderinInternational
RuleofLaw ClimateChangePolitics
Anchoringdemocracy? EditedbyRu¨digerK.W.Wurzel
EditedbyAmichaiMagenand andJamesConnelly
LeonardoMorlino
16. DiversityinEurope
9. MinorityNationalistParties Dilemmasofdifferentialtreatment
andEuropeanIntegration intheoryandpractice
Acomparativestudy EditedbyGideonCalderand
AnwenElias EmanuelaCeva
17. EUConflictPreventionand
10. EuropeanUnion
CrisisManagement
Intergovernmental
Roles,institutionsandpolicies
Conferences
EditedbyEvaGrossand
Domesticpreferenceformation,
AnaE.Juncos
transgovernmentalnetworks
andthedynamicsofcompromise
18. TheEuropeanParliament’s
PaulW.ThurnerandFranz
Committees
UrbanPappi
Nationalpartyinfluenceand
legislativeempowerment
11. ThePoliticalEconomyof
RichardWhitaker
State-BusinessRelationsin
Europe
19. TheEuropeanUnion,Civil
Interestmediation,capitalism
SocietyandConflict
andEUpolicymaking
NathalieTocci
RainerEising
20. EuropeanForeignPolicyandthe
12. GoverningFinancialServices
ChallengesofBalkanAccession
intheEuropeanUnion
Sovereigntycontested
Banking,securitiesand
GerganaNoutcheva
post-trading
LuciaQuaglia
21. TheEuropeanUnionand
SouthEastEurope
13. EuropeanUnionGovernance ThedynamicsofEuropeanization
Efficiencyandlegitimacyin andmultilevelgovernance
Europeancommissioncommittees AndrewTaylor,AndrewGeddes
KarenHeard-Laure´ote andCharlesLees
14. EuropeanGovernmentality 22. BureaucratsasLaw-Makers
Theliberaldriftofmultilevel Committeedecision-makinginthe
governance EUCouncilofMinisters
RichardMu¨nch FrankM.Ha¨ge
23. Europeanizationandthe 25. EuropeanIntegrationand
EuropeanEconomicArea Transformationinthe
Iceland’sparticipationinthe WesternBalkans
EU’spolicyprocess Europeanizationorbusiness
JohannaJonsdottir asusual?
EditedbyAroldaElbasani
24. TheCulturalPoliticsofEurope
Europeancapitalsofcultureand
theEuropeanUnionsince1980
KiranKlausPatel
European Integration and
Transformation in the
Western Balkans
Europeanization or business as usual?
Edited by
Arolda Elbasani
Firstpublished2013
byRoutledge
2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN
SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada
byRoutledge
711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017
RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness
(cid:2)2013AroldaElbasaniforselectionandeditorialmatter;individual
contributorstheircontribution.
TherightAroldaElbasanitobeidentifiedastheauthoroftheeditorial
material,andoftheauthorsfortheirindividualchapters,hasbeenassertedin
accordancewithsections77and78oftheCopyright,DesignsandPatents
Act1988.
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor
utilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now
knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orin
anyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting
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registeredtrademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanation
withoutintenttoinfringe.
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
EuropeanintegrationandtransformationinthewesternBalkans:
Europeanizationorbusinessasusual?/editedbyAroldaElbasani.
pagescm.—(Routledge/UACEScontemporaryEuropeanstudies)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
1.EuropeanUnion—BalkanPeninsula.2.Europe—Economicintegration.
I.Elbasani,Arolda,editorofcompilation.
HC240.25.B28E8582013
337.1#4209496—dc23
2012037094
ISBN:978-0-415-59452-3(hbk)
ISBN:978-0-203-38606-4(ebk)
TypesetinTimesNewRoman
byBookNowLtd,London
Contents
Listofillustrations ix
Listofcontributors xi
Acknowledgements xiii
PARTI
EuropeanizationtravelstotheWesternBalkans 1
1 EuropeanizationtravelstotheWesternBalkans:enlargement
strategy,domesticobstaclesanddivergingreforms 3
AROLDAELBASANI
2 TheStabilizationandAssociationProcess:aframework
forEuropeanUnionenlargement? 22
DAVIDPHINNEMORE
PARTII
Europeanizationinconsolidatedstates 37
3 ThetrialsandtriumphsofEuropeanizationinCroatia:the
unbearableweightofstructureandstate-building? 39
MIECZYSqAWP.BODUSZYN´ SKI
4 EUpoliticalconditionalitytowardsSerbia:membership
prospectsvs.domesticconstraints 54
JELENASTOJANOVIC´
5 EUconditionalityasatransformingpowerinMacedonia:
evidencefromelectoralmanagement 70
JESSICAGIANDOMENICO
viii Contents
6 EUadministrativeconditionalityanddomesticobstacles:
slow,hesitantandpartialreforminpost-communistAlbania 85
AROLDAELBASANI
7 WheredoestheEuropeanUnionmakeadifference?Rule
oflawdevelopmentintheWesternBalkansandbeyond 101
MARTINMENDELSKI
PARTIII
Europeanizationincontestedstates 119
8 State-buildingwithoutrecognition:acriticalretrospective
oftheEuropeanUnion’sstrategyinKosovo(1999–2010) 121
DIMITRISPAPADIMITRIOUANDPETARPETROV
9 Buildingenvironmentalgovernanceinpotentialcandidate
countries:environmentalimpactassessmentprocessesin
Bosnia-Herzegovina 138
ADAMFAGAN
10 Secessionism,irredentismandEUenlargementtothe
WesternBalkans:squaringthecircle? 157
RAFAELBIERMANN
Conclusions 171
11 WhenEuropeanizationhitslimitedstatehood:theWestern
BalkansasatestcaseforthetransformativepowerofEurope 173
TANJAA.BO¨RZEL
Bibliography 185
Index 208
Illustrations
Tables
1.1 StatusofrelationsbetweentheEUandWesternBalkancountries 4
7.1 Selectedindicatorsofjudicialcapacity 110
7.2 Selectedindicatorsofjudicialimpartiality 111
8.1 UNMIK:internationalandlocalpersonnel 127
9.1 ComparisonofactivitiesbetweenBosnia-Herzegovina(BiH)and
CEEcountriesusingRECquestionnairedata 143
9.2 AnnualbudgetofENGOsinBiHfromRECquestionnaire 144
9.3 Binarylogisticregressionanalysisoffundingsourcesandtypes
ofactivityversusannualbudgetforBosnianENGOs 145
9.4 Binarylogisticregressionoffundingsources,annualbudgetand
activitiesversusEIAinvolvementforBosnianENGOs 146
Figures
8.1 ThestructureofUNMIK 126
11.1 Statehoodcapacity,willingnessandEUrelationswiththe
WesternBalkans 180