Table Of ContentEurope and the Politics of Capabilities
ThesocialagendaoftheEuropeanUnionisshiftingtowardsbroadsocial
initiativesthatalignsocialandeconomicobjectiveswiththepromotion
ofemployment.Thiscallsforanactionframeworkthatpermitssocial
dialogue and political deliberation to inform and complement legisla-
tive action at all levels. The debate, however, has been dominated by
advocatesofmarket-basedsolutionsandtheiropponents,thesupport-
ers of traditional welfare states. This book, to break out of this ster-
ilestalemate,demonstrateshowanemployment-orientedsocialpolicy
in Europe can develop from a new, different set of policy principles,
specifically‘acapabilityapproach’.Takinginspirationfromtheworkof
AmartyaSen,thisbookfocusesontheeffectivefreedompeopleneedto
achievetheirgoalsinlifeandwork.Theresultofongoingcollaboration
betweenresearchersandsocialactors,itwillappealtosocialscientists,
students, policy-makers and all those concerned with the building of
Europe.
isProfessorofEconomicsandDirectoroftheResearch
CentreIDHE,EcoleNormaleSupe´rieuredeCachan.
isDirectorofEUREXCTER(ExcellenceTer-
ritorialeenEurope)andwasChairmanoftheCommissiondesAffaires
Sociales,del’EmploietdelaFormationProfessionnelleoftheECPE
atBrusselsfrom1995to2001.
Europe and the Politics
of Capabilities
editedby
Robert Salais and Robert Villeneuve
Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SãoPaulo
Cambridge University Press
TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridge,UK
PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridg e.org /9780521836043
© Cambridge University Press, 2004
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Contents
Listoffigures page viii
Listoftables ix
Notesoncontributors x
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
1 Introduction:Europeandthepoliticsofcapabilities 1
PartI Products,territoriesandeconomicactivity
inEurope
2 Europetestedthroughitsproducts:the
Renault–Vilvoordeaffairanditsimplicationforindustry
andemploymentpolicies 21
3 Competences-orientedlogicsandthepoliticsof
unemployability 38
4 RegionalcapabilitiesandtheEuropeanEmployment
Strategy 54
5 TheterritorialpactsinItaly:thecompetitivecorporatism
assumptioninquestion 73
6 MobilisinglocalcapabilitiesforaEuropeaneconomic
project:thecaseofMarseilles 91
-
v
vi Contents
7 EmploymentandsocialdialogueattheEuropeanlevel:
adifferentapproachtogovernanceofterritories 109
PartII AssessingEUproceduresandEuropeaninitiatives
8 TheEuropeanEmploymentStrategy:fromendsto
means? 123
9 Regionalgrowth,nationalcontextandtheEuropean
StructuralFunds:anempiricalappraisal 140
10 SketchingEuropeansocialdialoguefreehand 163
11 Thefourthdimensionincollectivebargainingand
socialco-operation 174
12 Thenatureoftheopenmethodofco-ordination 185
PartIII Whatpoliticsofcapabilities?
13 Capabilities,socialrightsandEuropeanmarket
integration 205
,
14 Collectiverights,deliberationandcapabilities:an
approachtocollectivebargainingintheBelgian
retailindustry 222
15 Thegendersettlementandsocialprovision:thework–
welfarerelationshipatthelevelofthehousehold 239
16 Securityandtheworkinglife:newperspectives 255
17 Socialneeds,development,territoriesandfull
employmentbasedonsolidarity 272
Contents vii
18 Incorporatingthecapabilityapproachintosocial
andemploymentpolicies 283
Appendix1 EUbibliography 301
Appendix2 InformationonEUofficialdocuments 306
Index 307
Figures
8.1. EvolutionofthewageshareinGDP,1962–2001 page125
9.1. Thecatching-upofEuropeancountries,1986–1996 143
9.2. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996 144
9.3. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996,except
Frenchoverseasdistricts,Greece,Ireland,Portugal,Ceuta
yMelillaandGroningen 145
9.4. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996:Greece 146
9.5. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions,1986–1996:Spain 146
9.6. TheinitialbackwardnessofEuropeanregionsandtheir
accesstoStructuralFunds 149
9.7. TheinitialbackwardnessofEuropeanregionsandthe
co-fundingrateofStructuralFunds 150
9.8. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregionsandtheiraccessto
StructuralFunds 150
9.9. Thecatching-upofEuropeanregions(except‘insular’
regions)andtheiraccesstoStructuralFunds 151
18.1. Capabilitiesasoperationalmediationbetweenmeans
andoutcomes 288
18.2. Redefiningwelfarestatemodelsaccordingtotheir
informationalbasisofjudgementinjustice 296
viii
Tables
1.1. FrameworksofEuropeanaction page12
4.1. Thetwo-dimensionalstructureofregionalcapabilities
in203Europeanregions:theresultsofafactoranalysis 61
4.2. RegionalcapabilitiesinEUcountries:nationally
aggregatedregionalfactorscores 62
4.3. Regionalcapabilitiesandlabourmarketexclusionof
womenandyoungerandolderpeople 64
5.1. Potentialresourcesandresourceseffectivelyallocatedfor
programmesfinancedinOctober2000(excluding
Community-relatedpacts) 80
5.2. Territorialpactsinprogress:number,surfaceareacovered
andpopulationinvolved,October2000 82
7.1. TheCOPARSOCproject:relatedactions 119
9.1. Testingtheexplanatoryfactorsfortherateofregional
catch-up 155
15.1. Labourforceparticipationratesofpopulationatage
fifteen–sixty-four,1980–2000 242
15.2. Femalepart-timeemploymentasapercentageoffemale
employmentandmalepart-timeemploymentasa
percentageofmaleemployment,1983and1999 243
15.3. Crudedivorcerates,1973–1998 244
15.4. Extra-maritalbirthrates,1988–1998 245
ix
Description:The social agenda of the European Union is shifting towards broad social initiatives that align social and economic objectives with the promotion of employment. This calls for an action framework that allows social dialogue and political deliberation to inform and complement legislative action at al
