Ethnicity, race, and crime: perspectives across time and place

781 Pages·1995·2.68 MB·English

by  Darnell Felix Hawkins

Ethnicity, Race, and Crime : Perspectives
Across Time and Place SUNY Series in
title:
New Directions in Crime and Justice
Studies
author: Hawkins, Darnell Felix
publisher: State University of New York Press
isbn10 | asin: 0791421953
print isbn13: 9780791421956
ebook isbn13: 9780585045498
language: English
Criminal justice, Administration of--United
States, Discrimination in criminal justice
subject administration--United States, United
States--Race relations, United States--Ethnic
relations.
publication date: 1995
lcc: HV9950.E87 1995eb
ddc: 364.2/56
Criminal justice, Administration of--United
States, Discrimination in criminal justice
subject: administration--United States, United
States--Race relations, United States--Ethnic
States--Race relations, United States--Ethnic
relations.
Ethnicity, Race, and Crime
SUNY Series in New Directions in Crime and Justice Studies
Austin T. Turk, Editor
Ethnicity, Race, and Crime
Perspectives across Time and Place
Edited by Darnell F. Hawkins
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK PRESS
Published by
State University of New York Press, Albany
© 1995 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner
whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief
quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.
For information, address State University of New York
Press, State University Plaza, Albany, N.Y., 12246
Production by E. Moore
Marketing by Theresa A. Swierzowski
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ethnicity, race, and crime: perspectives across time and place /
Darnell F. Hawkins, editor.
p. cm. (SUNY series in new directions in crime and justice studies)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-7914-2195-3 (acid free). ISBN 0-7914-2196-1 (pbk.: acid
free)
1. Criminal justice, Administration ofUnited States.
2. Discrimination in criminal justice administrationUnited States.
3. United StatesRace relations. 4. United States-Ethnic
relations. I. Hawkins, Darnell Felix, 1946-. II. Series: SUNY
series, New directions in crime and justice studies.
HV9950.E87 1995
364.2'56dc20 94-10968
CIP
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Modern European and American History is centered around the effort to gain
freedom from the political, economic, and spiritual shackles that have bound
men. The battles for freedom were fought by the oppressed, those who wanted
new liberties, against those who had privileges to defend. In the long and
virtually continuous battle for freedom, however, classes that were fighting
against oppression at one stage sided with the enemies of freedom when
victory was won and new privileges were to be defended.
Erich Fromm, Escape From Freedom
For when you domesticate a member of your own species, you reduce his
output, and however little you may give him, a farmyard man finishes by
costing more than he brings in. For this reason the settlers are obliged to stop
the breaking-in halfway; the result, neither man nor animal, is the native.
Frantz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth
Crime became real, for examplefor the first timenot as a possibility but as the
possibility. One would never defeat one's circumstances by working and
saving one's pennies; one would never, by working, acquire that many
pennies, and besides, the social treatment accorded even the most successful
Negroes proved that one needed, in order to be free, something more than a
bank account. One needed a handle, a lever, a means of inspiring fear. It was
absolutely clear that the police would whip you and take you in as long as
they could get away with it, and that everyone elsehousewives, taxi drivers,
elevator boys, dishwashers, bartenders, lawyers, judges, doctors and
grocerswould never, by the operation of any generous human feeling, cease to
use you as an outlet for his frustrations and hostilities.
James Baldwin, The Fire Next Time
Page vii
CONTENTS
Foreword ix
Marvin E. Wolfgang
Introduction 1
Darnell F. Hawkins
Part I: Theoretical and Conceptual Issues
1. Ethnicity, Race, and Crime: A Review of Selected 11
Studies
Darnell F. Hawkins
2. Race, Class and Sociobiological Perspectives on Crime 46
Thomas A. Regulus
Part II: Historical Perspectives
3. Ethnicity, Acculturation, and Opportunities: A Study of 69
Two Generations
Joan McCord
4. The Political Threat of Immigrant Groups and Police 82
Aggressiveness in 1900 M.
Craig Brown and Barbara D. Warner
5. Racial Factors in New York City Homicides, 1800- 99
1874
Eric Monkkonen
6. Violence toward African Americans in the Era of the 121
White Lynch Mob
E. M. Beck and Stewart E. Tolnay