Ethics and Values in Industrial-Organizational Psychology (Volume in the Applied Psychology Series)

512 Pages·2003·28.32 MB·English

by  Joel Lefkowitz

Ethics and Values in
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
SERIES IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Edwin A. Fleishman, George Mason University
Jeanette N. Cleveland, Pennsylvania State University
Series Editors
Gregory Bedny and David Meister
The Russian Theory of Activity: Current Applications to Design and Learning
Michael T. Barannick, Eduardo Salas, and Carolyn Prince
Team Performance Assessment and Measurement: Theory, Research,
and Applications
Jeanette N. Cleveland, Margaret Stockdale, and Kevin R. Murphy
Women and Men in Organizations: Sex and Gender Issues at Work
Aaron Cohen
Multiple Commitments in the Workplace: An Integrative Approach
Russell Cropanzano
Justice in the Workplace: Approaching Fairness in Human Resource
Management, Volume I
Russell Cropanzano
Justice in the Workplace: From Theory to Practice, Volume 2
James E. Driskell and Eduardo Salas
Stress and Human Performance
Sidney A. Fine and Steven E Cronshaw
Functional Job Analysis: A Foundation for Human Resources Management
Sidney A. Fine and Maury Getkate
Benchmark Tasks for Job Analysis: A Guide for Functional Job Analysis
(FJA) Scales
J. Kevin Ford, Steve W. J. Kozlowski, Kurt Kraiger, Eduardo Salas,
and Mark S. Teachout
Improving Training Effectiveness in Work Organizations
Jerald Greenberg
Organizational Behavior: The State of the Science, Second Edition
Uwe E. Kleinbeck, Hans-Henning Quast, Henk Thierry,
and Hartmut Hacker
Work Motivation
Martin I. Kurke and Ellen M. Scrivner
Police Psychology Into the 21st Century
Joel Lefkowitz
Ethics and Values in Industrial-Organizational Psychology
Manuel London
Job Feedback: Giving, Seeking, and Using Feedback for Performance
Improvement
Manuel London
How People Evaluate Others in Organizations
Manuel London
Leadership Development: Paths to Self-Insight and Professional Growth
Robert E Morrison and Jerome Adams
Contemporary Career Development Issues
Michael D. Mumford, Garnett Stokes, and William A. Owens
Patterns of Life History: The Ecology of Human Individuality
Kevin R. Murphy
Validity Generalization: A Critical Review
Kevin R. Murphy and Frank E. Saal
Psychology in Organizations: Integrating Science and Practice
Susan E. Murphy and Ronald E. Riggio
The Future of Leadership Development
Erich R Prien, Jeffrey S. Schippmann, and Kristin O. Prien
Individual Assessment: As Practiced in Industry and Consulting
Ned Rosen
Teamwork and the Bottom Line: Groups Make a Difference
Heinz Schuler, James L. Farr, and Mike Smith
Personnel Selection and Assessment: Individual and Organizational
Perspectives
John W. Senders and Neville P. Moray
Human Error: Cause, Prediction, and Reduction
Frank J. Smith
Organizational Surveys: The Diagnosis and Betterment of Organizations
Through Their Members
George C. Thornton III and Rose Mueller-Hanson
Developing Organisational Simulations: A Guide for Practitioners
and Students
Yoav Vardi and Ely Weitz
Misbehavior in Organisations: Theory, Research, and Management
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Ethics and Values in
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
Joel Lefkowitz
Baruch College, City University of New York
LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS
2003 Mahwah, New Jersey London
Copyright © 2003 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any
form, by photostat, microform, retrieval system, or any other
means, without prior written permission of the publisher.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers
10 Industrial Avenue
Mahwah.NJ 07430
Cover design by Kathryn Houghtaling Lacey
Cover art © Fotosearch.com, LLC, Waukesha, WI.
Reprinted with permission.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lefkowitz, Joel.
Ethics and values in industrial-organizational psychology / Joel
Lefkowitz.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8058-3353-6 (c: alk. paper)
ISBN 0-8058-3354-4 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Psychology, Industrial. 2. Business ethics. I. Title.
HF5548.8 L3644 2003
174'.915—dc21 2002035390
CIP
Books published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates are printed on acid-
free paper, and their bindings are chosen for strength and durability.
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21
This book is dedicated to back-office clerks doing data entry in the financial
districts of New York, goldminers in the dark and the wet and the heat more
than a mile beneath the Black Hills of South Dakota, a Dayton police officer
alone in his cruiser at 3:00 a.m. after several days of street violence, young
women high school graduates learning power sewing machine operation for
piece rates in Pennsylvania and New England, partially literate washers and
pressers in a steamy industrial laundry in rural Louisiana, aircraft parts
production employees in Cleveland ... and many more. Because they
graciously allowed themselves to be observed, interviewed, surveyed,
tested, evaluated, or trained, I came to appreciate what it is like to work in
America.
Moral thought just is difficult: humans cannot do it at all well.
—R. M. Hare
All science, and all philosophy, are enlightened common sense.
—Karl R. Popper
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Contents
List of Figures/Tables xv
Series Foreword xvii
Edwin A. Fleishman and Jeanette N. Cleveland
1 Introduction 1
I. Moral Philosophy and Psychology
2 Meta-Ethics 15
Meta-ethical Issues: Origins of Subjectivism; Objectivist
Rejoinders; Egoism vs. Universalism 16
Examples of Meta-Ethical Theories: Objectivist Theories;
Subjectivist Theories 24
Toward a Framework for Ethical Decision Making 36
3 Normative Ethical Theories: I. Deontology 40
Deontological Theories: Immanuel Kant; Thomas Hobbes;
John Locke and Natural Rights; John Rawls: A Contemporary
Contractarian View; Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel;
Karl Marx 41
4 Normative Ethical Theories: II. Consequentialism 65
ix