etc. Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and Adjacent Territories (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Volume 2: Libytheidae, Danaidae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, and Lycaenidae

396 Pages·20.947 MB·English

by  Tuzov V.K.

GUIDE ТО THE
PENSOFT Series Faunistica No. 18
GUIDE TO THE
BUTTERFLIES
OF RUSSIA
AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES
(LEPIDOPTERA, RHOPALOCERA)
VOLUME 2
Libytheidae, Danaidae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae
by
V. K. Tuzov, P. V. Bogdanov, S. V. Churkin,
A. V. Dantchenko, A. L. Devyatkin, V. S. Murzin,
G. D. Samodurov, A. B. Zhdanko
FETiSOFT
Sofia - Moscow
2000
iT E N S O F T
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The authors’ addresses:
Mr. Pavel V. Bogdanov State Darwin Museum
Vavilova Str. 57, Moscow 117292, RUSSIA
Mr. Sergei V. Churkin Yubileiny prospekt 14, apt. 168, Reutov
Moscow Region 1413965, RUSSIA
Mr. Alexei L. Devyatkin Moscow State University
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology
Moscow 119899, RUSSIA
Mr. Alexandr V. Dantchenko Avangardnaya Str. 11, apt. 160
Moscow 111395, RUSSIA
Dr. Vladimir S. Murzin Leninsky prospekt 88, building 3, apt. 11
Moscow 117313, RUSSIA
Mr Genrikh D. Samodurov Kalinin Str. 2, apt. 21, Korolev
Moscow Region 141070, RUSSIA
Dr. Vasily K. Tuzov Novocheremushkinskaya Str. 51, building 2
apt. 45, Moscow 117418, RUSSIA
Dr. Alexandr B. Zhdanko Masanchi Str. 108, apt. 27
Alma-Ata 480072, KAZAKHSTAN
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Vasily K. Tuzov
Scientific editors: Dr. Oleg G. Gorbunov and Alexandr V. Dantchenko
Linguistic editor: Dr. Sergei I. Golovatch
Design: Andrei V. Sotchivko
Page layout, colour and graphic reproduction: Dr. Stanislav P. Abadjiev
Production manager: Dr, Lyubomir D. Penev
© PENSOFT Publishers
All rights reserved
First edition 2000
ISBN 954-642-095-6
Printed and bound in Sofia, Bulgaria, July 2000
CONTENTS
Preface, by V. K. Tu zov........................................................................................................ 7
Family Libytheidae ............................................................................................................ 9
Genus Libythea, by V. K. T u zov................................................................................... 9
Family Danaidae ................................................................................................................... 10
Genus Danaus, by V. S. M urzin.................................................................................... 10
Genus Parantica, by V. S. Murzin.................................................................................. 10
Family Nymphalidae .......................................................................................................... 13
Genus Apatura, by V. K. Tuzov...................................................................................... 13
Genus Athymodes, by V. K. Tu zov............................................................................... 15
Genus Mimathyma, by V. K. Tuzov............................................................................... 15
Genus Sephisa, by V. K. Tuzov...................................................................................... 15
Genus Thaleropis, by V. K. Tuzov................................................................................. 16
Genus Limenitis, by V. S. M urzin................................................................................. 16
Genus Seokia, by V. S. M urzin...................................................................................... 20
Genus Neptis, by V. S. Murzin .................................................................................... . 20
Genus Aldania, by V. S. Murzin & V. K. Tuzov......................................................... 23
Genus Vanessa, by V. K. Tuzov...................................................................................... 24
Genus Inachis, by V. K. Tuzov........................................................................................ 26
Genus Polygonia, by V. K. Tuzov.................................................................................... 26
Genus Nymphalis, by V. K. Tuzov.................................................................................. 28
Genus Aglais, by V. S. Murzin ...................................................................................... 29
Genus Kaniska, by V. K. Tuzov...................................................................................... 32
Genus Araschriici, by V. K. Tuzov................................................................................. 32
Genus Argynnis, by V. K. Tuzov.................................................................................... 33
Genus Issoria, by V. K. Tuzov........................................................................................ 40
Genus Brenthis, by V. K. Tuzov .................................................................................... 41
Genus Proclossiana, by P. V. Bogdanov...................................................................... 42
Genus Clossiana, by P. V. Bogdanov........................................................................... 43
Genus Boloria, by P. V. Bogdanov................................................................................. 52
Genus Euphydryas, by V. K. Tu zov............................................................................. 55
Genus Melitaea, by V. K. Tuzov & S. Churkin........................................................... 59
Genus Mellicta, by A. L. Devyatkin............................................................................... 76
Family Riodinidae .............................................................................................................. 83
Genus Hamearis, by V. S. Murzin ............................................................................... 83
Genus Polycaena, by V. S. M urzin............................................................................... 83
Family Lycaenidae........................................................................................................ 85
Genus Artopoetes, by A. V. Dantchenko .................................................................... 85
Genus Theda, by A. V. Dantchenko............................................................................. 86
Genus Shirozua, by A. V. Dantchenko......................................................................... 87
Genus Coreana, by А. V. Dantchenko ......................................................................... 87
Genus Ussuriana, by A. V. Dantchenko...................................................................... 88
Genus Protantigius, by A. V. Dantchenko.................................................................. 88
Genus Goldia, by A. V. Dantchenko............................................................................. 89
Genus Antigius, by A. V. Dantchenko ......................................................................... 89
Genus Wagimo, by A. V. Dantchenko........................................................................... 90
Genus Araragi, by A. V. Dantchenko........................................................................... 91
Genus Japonica, by A. V. Dantchenko.......................................................................... 91
Genus Neozephyrus, by A. V. Dantcbenko ..................................................................... 93
Genus Fauonius, by A. V. Dantchenko................................................................... 94
Genus Chrysozephyrus, by A. V. Dantchenko ............................................. 99
Genus Atara, by V. K. Tuzov........................................................................................101
Genus Cigaritis, by A. B. Zhdanko......................................................................... 102
Genus Armenia, by A. B. Zhdanko.............................................................................102
Genus Superjlua. by A. B. Zhdanko...................................................................... . 103
Genus Nordmannia, by A. B. Zhdanko............................................................... 104
Genus Neolycaena, by A. B. Zhdanko..................................................................,107
Genus Callophrys, by A. B. Zhdanko........................................................... 115
Genus Ahlbergia, by V. K. Tuzov.................................................................. 118
Genus Tomcires, by A. B. Zhdanko....................................................................... . 120
Genus Lycaena, by G. D. Samodurov ................................................................ 123
Genus Heodes, by G. D. Samodurov.................................................................... . 124
Genus Thersamonolycaena, by G. D. Samodurov....................................... 125
Genus Thersamonia, by G. D. Samodurov & A. B. Zhdanko............................. . 127
Genus Phoenicurusia, by A. B. Zhdanko...................................................................130
Genus Ath.amanth.ia, by A. B. Zhdanko.....................................................................131
Genus Hyrcanana, by G. D. Samodurov & A. B. Zhdanko ....................................135
Genus Niphanda, by V. K. Tuzov ............................................................................136
Genus Lampides, by V. K. Tuzov ............................................................................ 137
Genus Lachides, by V. K. Tuzov........................................................................ 137
Genus Chilades, by V. K. Tuzov ..................................................................................138
Genus Leptotes, by V. K. Tuzov...................................................................................138
Genus Tarucus, by V. K. Tuzov..................................................................................138
Genus Cupido, by A. B. Zhdanko...............................................................................139
Genus Everes, by A. B. Zhdanko ......................................................................................... 142
Genus Tongeia, by A. B. Zhdanko ..........................................................................143
Genus Celastrina, by V. K. Tuzov............................................................................143
Genus Scolitantides, by V. K. Tuzov...........................................................................146
Genus Pseudophilotes, by A. V. Dantchenko & V. K. Tuzov....................................146
Genus Praephilotes, by A. B. Zhdanko.......................................................................147
Genus Otnjukouia, by A. B. Zhdanko.........................................................................148
Genus Turanana, by A. B. Zhdanko...........................................................................148
Genus Glaucopsyche, by A. B. Zhdanko ...................................................................151
Genus Iolana, by V. K. Tuzov.......................................................................................153
Genus Maculinea, by V. K. Tuzov................................................................................154
Genus Shijimiaeoides, by V. K. Tuzov .......................................................................157
Genus Patricius, by A. B. Zhdanko...................................................................... . 158
Genus Plebeius, by G. D. Samodurov, A. B. Zhdanko,
V. K. Tuzov & A. V. Dantchenko.............................................................................158
Genus Plebejides, by G. D. Samodurov, A. B. Zhdanko &
V. K. Tuzov...............................................................................................................169
Genus Umpria, by A. B. Zhdanko................................................................................171
Genus Eumedonia, by V. K. Tuzov..............................................................................171
Genus Aricia, by P. V. Bogdanov.................................................................................172
Genus Pseudoaricia, by P. V. Bogdanov.....................................................................174
Genus Ultraaricia, by P. V. Bogdanov.........................................................................174
Genus Cyaniris, by V. K. Tuzov....................................................................................175
Genus Alpherakya, by A. B. Zhdanko......................................................................176
Genus Farsia, by G. D. Samodurov..........................................................................177
Genus Vacciniina, by G. D, Samodurov.....................................................................179
Genus Rimisia. by G. D. Samodurov.........................................................................180
Genus Plebejidea, by G. D. Samodurov.....................................................................181
Genus Kretanici, by G. D. Samodurov.........................................................................182
Genus Neolysandra, by V. K. Tuzov..........................................................................182
Genus Albulina, by A. B. Zhdanko.............................................................................183
Genus Pamiria, by A. B. Zhdanko...............................................................................184
Genus Agriades, by V. K. Tuzov.................................................................................184
Genus Lysandra, by A. V. Dantchenko.....................................................................186
Genus Meleageria, by V. K. Tuzov .............................................................................189
Genus Polyommatus, by V. K. Tuzov, A. B. Zhdanko &
A. V. Dantchenko......................................................................................................190
Genus Agrodiaetus, byA.V. Dantchenko...................................................................196
Addenda, by V. K. Tuzov & S. V. Churkin.....................................................................215
Colour plates, by A. V. Sotcbivko & V. K. Tuzov ........................................................223
List of illustrations, by V. K. Tuzov .............................................................................401
Index of Latin names of butterflies ...........................................................................473
Index of host plants........................................................................................................49?
Corrigenda, by V. K. Tuzov.............................................................................................505
Systematic check-list, by V. K. Tuzov.........................................................................509
References, by V. K. Tuzov..............................................................................................541
ABBREVIATIONS
FW - forewing
HW - hindwing
UPS - upperside
UNS - underside
UPF - forewing upperside
UNF - forewing underside
UPH - hindwing upperside
UNH - hindwing underside
Mts. - mountains
N. - north
S. - south
W. - west
E. - east
distr. - district
pers. comm. - personal communication
ssp. - subspecies
f. - form
ab. - aberration
nom. praeoccup. - nomen praeoccupatum
nom. nudum - nomen nudum
S - male
9 - female
TL - type locality
ZMUM - Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow
SDM - State Darwin Museum, Moscow
ZISP - Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
St. Petersburg
ZSBS - Zoologische Sammlungen des Bayerischen Staates, Munich
ZMHB - Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universitat, Berlin
MNHP - Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris
ZMK - Zoological Museum, Kiev
ZIRK - Zoological Institute of the Republic Kazakhstan, Alma-Ata
CN - chromosome number
PREFACE
The structure and sequence of presentation of material in this volume remains
virtually the same as in Volume 1. Yet it seems noteworthy that the species consid­
ered here appear to often display pronounced sexual dimorphism. Hence, in order to
avoid unnecessary complications in the “Similar species” sections, the differences
are only given as based on male characters if not stated otherwise.
Since the publication of Volume 1, a lot of additional information has been
accumulated, allowing to augment the fauna with new (sub)species or clarify some
identities. This information has found its place in the "Addenda” and "Checklist”
chapters. The checklist reflects the opinion of V. Tuzov only, hence the treatment of
the status of certain taxa does not necessarily coincide with the text presented by
the respective author(s). In addition, the checklist omits the names considered as
infrasubspecific categories or synonyms.
Regrettably, Volume 1 appears to contain a few mistakes/misprints, all
attempted to be corrected here in a “Corrigenda” chapter. We are grateful to those
colleagues who have kindly sent us their remarks concerning Volume 1, viz., M.
Nagamatulin (Lobytnangi, Russia), S. Abadjiev (Sofia, Bulgaria), A. Sviridov
(Moscow, Russia), A. Ganson (Moscow, Russia), C. D. Ferris (Wyoming, USA), and T.
C. Emmel (Florida, USA).
Special thanks are due to keepers of institutional collections, viz., A. Lvovsky
(ZISP) and I. Kostyuk (ZMK), as well as to those persons whose private material has
been put at our disposal for comparative and/or illustration purposes. S. Churkin
and L. Nikolaevsky have helped us not only with their important collections but also
with kind advice. J. Hutsebaut, V. Tshikolovets, D. Weiss, S. Abadjiev and P.
Gorbunov have helped us with bibliographic issues. The chapter "References” only
includes the bibliography cited in the text, so it does not pretend to represent a
complete list of bibliography, both faunistic and taxonomic, pertaining to the territo­
ries concerned. The references to papers published in Cyrillic languages have been
supplied with parallel translations, mainly in English, only rarely transliterated.
Family L I B Y T H E I D A E Boisduval, 1840
LIBYTHEA Fabricius, 1807
Libythea celtis (Laicharting, 1782)
PI. 1, figs. 1-3.
In: Fiissly. Arch. Insectengescb. (Heft 2); 1-3; Taf, 8, Abb 1-3; 3 [1783]: 1-4; Taf. 14.
• TYPE LOCALITY. “Bolzano" (Italy],
• RANGE. From S. Europe and N. Africa across Asia Minor to Korea. China and
Japan.
• DISTRIBUTION AND VARIATION. The Crimea, the Caucasus and Transcaucasia,
the Kopet-Dagh, the W. and N. Tian-Shan are populated by the nominotypical sub­
species.
• HABITATS AND BIOLOGY. Foothill and montane zones up to 2,000 m a.s.l. Flight
period: June to September. Host plants in Transcaucasia (Dantchenko, in press):
Celtis glabrata; in the Crimea: C. australis. Hibernation imaginal.
*- Fig. 1. Libythea ceitis Armenia Photo A. Dantchenko
Family D A N A I D A E Boisduval, [1833]
DANAUS Kluk, 1780
Danaus chrusippus (Linnaeus, 1758)
PI. 1, figs. 4-6.
Syst. Nat. (ed. 10), 1:470.
• TYPE LOCALITY. Egypt.
• SYNONYMS: aegyptus (Schroeder, 1759); chrysippe (Htibner, [1816]).
• RANGE. Palaearctic (south), Afrotropical, Oriental and Australian regions.
• DISTRIBUTION AND VARIATION. Active migrant, migratory specimens often
observed in Middle Asia (Kopet-Dagh, Turan up to Aral Sea), also recorded in
Transcaucasia (Nakhichevan and Lenkoran).
• HABITATS AND BIOLOGY. Open landscapes such as valleys, deserts and/or
borders of riparian forests. Flight period: individual specimens in spring (April to
May) but in September to October much more numerous. Host plants (Ackery &
Vane-Wright, 1984): different species of Asclepiadaceae: Asclepias, Cyrianchurn,
Gomphocarpus, Metaplexis, etc.
PARANTICA Moore, [1880]
Parantica sita (Kollar, [1844])
PI. 1; figs. 7-9.
In: Hugel, Kaschmir und das Reich der Seik, 4: 424, Taf. 6.
• TYPE LOCALITY. Mussoorie, N. India.
• SYNONYM: tytia (Gray, 1846).
• RANGE. Ussuri region, Sakhalin; N. India and Nepal to Tibet, Indodiina, Taiwan,
Korea and Japan.