Esthetic and Functional Management of Diastema: A Multidisciplinary Approach

235 Pages·2016·19.419 MB·English

by  Ugur Erdemir, Esra Yildiz (eds.)

Esthetic and
Functional Management
of Diastema
A Multidisciplinary
Approach
Ugur Erdemir
Esra Yildiz Editors
123
Esthetic and Functional Management
of Diastema

Ugur Erdemir (cid:129) Esra Yildiz
Editors
Esthetic and Functional
Management of Diastema
A Multidisciplinary Approach
Editors
Ugur Erdemir Esra Yildiz
Faculty of Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry
University of Istanbul University of Istanbul
Istanbul Istanbul
Turkey Turkey
ISBN 978-3-319-24359-7 ISBN 978-3-319-24361-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-24361-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015957405
Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London
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Pref ace
D iastemas can negatively affect the patients’ smile and can be a major esthetic
concern for patients as well as observers. In some situations, closure of diastema
particularly in cases with excessive spaces presents a challenging treatment proce-
dure, and it is not possible to correct diastemas to achieve the desired harmony,
esthetics, and function without multidisciplinary interventions including orthodon-
tics and/or periodontology because neither of the disciplines is able to correct this
problem alone.
Due to recent advances in the art and science of dentistry, there are a variety of
tools and treatment options that a practitioner can use. Recent trends in dentistry
require multidisciplinary and collaborative treatment procedures using minimal
invasive treatment approaches, and these provide clinicians with optimal treatment
options ensuring esthetically pleasing, functional, and long- lasting restorations.
This book represents a comprehensive and multidisciplinary management of dia-
stema by collaboration of restorative dentistry, periodontology, and orthodontics
using minimally invasive and functional treatment procedures.
The aim of this book is to demonstrate the necessity of the multidisciplinary
approaches with minimally invasive treatment procedures and the clinical protocol
for the esthetic treatment of diastema with an integrated o rthodontic, periodontal,
and restorative approach. In addition, it provides a comprehensive treatment plan-
ning by the analysis of the study models, photographs, occlusion, and soft and hard
tissue as well as facial analysis which should also be evaluated for a satisfactory
treatment outcome. Each chapter addresses various aspects of diastema starting
from its etiology toward clinical considerations, esthetic evaluations, occlusion, and
periodontal considerations with interdisciplinary treatment procedures and treat-
ment options. Specifi c tips in the relevant chapters were also highlighted in the text
for the clinicians regarding the application procedures.
T reating an esthetic dental problem as in the case of diastema requires determin-
ing etiological factors, diagnosis, treatment planning, and selection of the appropri-
ate materials and instrument. Then, a collaborative treatment should be performed
in order to achieve esthetically pleasing and functional restorations. Therefore, we
organized this book in order to better understand diastema, from its etiology to the
treatment options.
Clinicians will fi nd defi nition of diastema and underlying etiological factors in
Chap. 2 for a better understanding of the causative factors related to this esthetical
v
vi Preface
problem. In Chap. 3 , patient history and clinical considerations in diastema cases
were defi ned, and in Chap. 4 , the diagnosis of this problem was presented in detail.
As a part of the treatment planning in diastema cases, we have also provided the
clinicians with the esthetic considerations starting from the planning through the
smile design for treating unaesthetic alignment, shape or form of the teeth, and
shade, enhancing the esthetic appearance along with the function (Chaps. 5 , 6 , 7 ,
and 8 ). We have also provided information about soft tissue considerations and
management of diastema cases in Chap. 9 . In Chap. 1 0 , 11 , 12 , 13 , and 14 , clini-
cians can fi nd multidisciplinary treatment planning, its importance in the treatment
phase and treatment sequencing in the light of a well-planned treatment, and direct
and/or indirect treatment options with the proper material selection.
We have used hundreds of scientifi c citations in this book to present to clinicians
the evidence-based recommendations and techniques in the treatment of diastema
cases. After reading this book clinicians will have detailed and comprehensive
knowledge on diastema and its interdisciplinary esthetic and functional manage-
ment for creation of a pleasant fi nal outcome.
Istanbul, Turkey Ugur Erdemir
Esra Yildiz
Acknowledgments
When we decided to write this book, we did not know it would be a laborious and
time-consuming mission. Regarding accepting this book project, we would like to
gratefully acknowledge Professor Dr. Taner Yucel for supporting us in every step of
this project and sharing his experiences and professionalism.
W e the editors of this book also express our special thanks to the esteemed con-
tributing authors for accepting our proposal in writing this book and their contribu-
tions, cooperation, and dedication in spite their busy working schedules.
We also thank Dr. Nese Gonul who gave considerable time and invaluable assis-
tance for orthodontic chapters and Dr. Bekir Baysal who provided the digital soft-
ware program.
We are grateful to Drs. Nurhan Inan Altay, Miiiddin Saipullaev, and Ilkin
Babakishiev for their kind assistance during the clinical applications and taking the
photographs.
We also wish to thank laboratory technician Levent Ozyilan for his excellent
work and local dental products companies who supported us with novel materials.
In addition, we would like to express our thanks to the staff at Springer, Ulrike
Huesken and Joni Fraser, for their effort in developing this project.
Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to our families for their support
and encouragement.
vii

Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ugur Erdemir and Esra Yildiz
2 Defi nition and Causes of Diastema. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Esra Yildiz , Taner Yucel , Ugur Erdemir ,
Derya Germec Cakan , and Korkmaz Sayınsu
3 Initial Consultation and/or Clinical
Considerations (Patient History) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Ugur Erdemir , Esra Yildiz , and Taner Yucel
4 Diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Taner Yucel , Esra Yildiz , Ugur Erdemir ,
Derya Germec Cakan , and Korkmaz Sayinsu
5 Esthetic Parameters/Smile Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Ugur Erdemir , Esra Yildiz , and Taner Yucel
6 Facial-Dentofacial Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Esra Yildiz , Taner Yucel , Ugur Erdemir ,
and Derya Germec Cakan
7 Dentolabial Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Taner Yucel , Esra Yildiz , and Ugur Erdemir
8 Dental Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Ugur Erdemir , Taner Yucel , Esra Yildiz ,
Derya Germec Cakan , and Korkmaz Sayinsu
9 Soft Tissue Considerations in the Management
of Diastemas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Korkud Demirel
10 Treatment Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Esra Yildiz , Taner Yucel , Ugur Erdemir , and Korkud Demirel
ix