Table Of ContentUntitled-1 1 04-06-2020 12:46:21
WITH
William C. Ober, M.D.
ART COORDINATOR
AND ILLUSTRATOR
Claire E. Ober, R.N.
ILLUSTRATOR
Kathleen Welch, M.D.
CLINICAL CONSULTANT
Kevin Petti Ph.D.
CONTRIBUTOR
A01_MART8667_08_GE_FM.indd 1 20/05/2020 18:39
DEDICATION
To Kitty, P.K., Ivy, and Kate: We couldn’t have done this without you.
Thank you for your encouragement, patience, and understanding
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The rights of Frederic H. Martini and Edwin F. Bartholomew to be identified as the authors of this work have
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Authorized adaptation from the United States edition, entitled Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 8th Edition,
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ISBN 10: 1-292-34866-6
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A01_MART8667_08_GE_FM_CR_Page.indd 2 21/05/2020 14:30
Spotlight Figures Visually Summarize
Difficult Physiological Processes, Making
Them Easier to Understand
These highly visual one- and two-page presentations of tough
topics provide a bridge between readings and related figures and
photos to communicate information in a student-friendly, visually
effective format.
SPOTLIGHT Figure 8-9
PROPAGATION OF AN ACTION POTENTIAL
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11 AamdteAamds etp tesmah eotp nemahblo a neairblnra a ciairiznnrattcieiiieznaottsei ilenaop sst l noop pest t ooogpee+t tmogn3e+ettm0n3neeia t0tnnemiila a ttnma ilVl a t t1 a .dV l t t1 e.d,h t vtei,hsh evti eslhseo ielstpoe istp e s Ap++ocAp+tt+oceiN+ottneiNna+ot+ni+naat+++il+a1++l+1++3+03 m0 VmVC–e+C+–lel++ ml+l 2me+–m+2e+–m+b+rbarn–a7–en–07–e mE0 xVmE–txrV–atrcaeC+cl–elyC++utl–lylo+uatslro++a osFr++l3 ol–Ful3l–iud–i7d–07 m0 –Vm–V+–+–++–+–+ KEKYEYRpGdRdRoeeeaerRpGdRdRatppsppeoeeeaetdrooioniatppsndppeelltltdaagooia ionidandrre rlltllm aaiigiai dzzazrr raaelma iiizzzmtttiiaaeiaooobmtttnniiniroooabnnnnraen e 11AdinenAdiintv einiaaetv iclaal eostclli peoostigspneo m gsnap mt eaop tntteho ettnet hne t e1t n i a 1t .i la .l ++11++3+0+3+ m0+ Vm++V+N+a+N++a++++++++++–+–+Min+My+itneey+tlreien–n+lroian–n++dtoae+edtdeed+++–+P–+lPa++lsa++m+s2++–ma+2+ –am –me7–+–m0e7– +mm0b rVmba–rVna–en–e+–M+i+n–Myit+nee–ytlr+eiennl–ro+iannd–t+oa+eedt+d+e–ed+–++++–+–++–++3+–+3––7–+–07 +m0 VmV––EC+xEy–Ct+Mxtriy–oa+ntMtyrscitoa+neeoe+y–sctlrlleieoeln+n–u+lrlloialnlnu+adtoa+e–lrea dtdF+e–re+ ldFu+–liud+–id+++
22 tA vdm1 ho etA vdms1er hlpo se estmter aplsohp setmtghbarelpsohaeeog rhbrelrsaaae-leio rdzogdnrsaa-lia.dda ezogdnatati .da eiuweioatnti miduweinoa ns md yn ac qeis o yh cfguqeirn oahimofgucsrnnamimok censnemlkn eyenntelt lhn eytsb nte et lh,2t rsb r e i eai,o2n rn rt i agpioon ggnt se gpor ggaa nse tr tdaha n t etdeh d ee d +++++++G1+Gr1++ard++a+edd+e+ Lddo+ L+edcop+eaco+pla l–oa++cl lr–ua+c+izrrura+izert+r2ain+oett+2inn+otn–––6–06 m0 V–mV–+–++–++++–++–3+3––7––07 m0 Vm–V–+–+–++–+–+ 22ApgdtaahxtrreApgdtaa aaolhotpoxtrre tdhd aaolnoc otpobeetduhd nalc oma drcbeeuln ail rmn ae drcceeilniz grsn eumxceeia zsgsrtumaxtbr a sin rettaotrbr h onian etnoerhtdnona n eeetdn ee 1+1+++++++++++++++++++++++++++Lc+uoLc+rcuor+aercrln++aetln–+t–+++++++++++–++–++2+++2++––6––+06 +m0 Vm–V––+–+++–+–+–++–+++–++–+++–+–++++3–+3–––7–+0–7 +m0 Vm–V––+–+–+–++–+–++–+–++–+–+–++–+
tot oth trhersehsohlodl.d.
33 AsbeeAsbngge enamgig ncamiestnci noestrite nno rp te n 2p op 2op l owa to lerwahtinzerihlitaneziilat taeisiloat eisnnlo geo.nnmgwo.mwe one cotn cc t1 u c r1 u s r si n i n ++ R(+reeR(+rfpereaofprclaoatcolraitrzoryairz)+tyaio)+tinonNNa+a++3+03 m0 VmV ++++++++++–7–07 m0 VmV++++++ 33AdnoeAdnnvdo enaeevd cal eeo tc2l i poo t 2 isp.no s .nap taop tto etnetniatila l +R(+reeR(rfper+eaofpr+claoatcolraitrzory+airz)ty+aio)t+ino+n++ ++++++++++++++NaN+a++3+03 m0 VmV ++++++++++++++++++++++–7–+07 +m0 VmV ++++++++++++++++
++––1+1+–– ––+++++++++++2++2+++ –– –– 3–3– –––––– 11––++–– ––++––++––+++++++++++2++2+++++–– –– –– –– ––33–– ––––––––––––
44 Asgb r3e err Asgb rsp3ai e gen rrt sdtepaoi mgghn taedte omseghtetdaeh e senttse tdrdhh de teonts er.dheds dteo2 pe.hemis du2 oophmsi meul loopadsmmel lrrp,adimie obz rar,iaien aorbnzaadastnardnin ad ostle daeint n onlhe t ae tineteqnnht e rie t ueqnarcserii l unayecrlcsyiiclggknyecl,yll mcggkeyaa,ll m e tyeaai s n tei stn t ++––+1++1–+– ––+++++2+++2+++++++L+oLco+++ac++++la +cl uc–r+ur–er++rn+e+t+n+3t+3––6––06 m0 Vm–V–+–+–++–+–+ 44Apdbm 3 rerApdbm eo li3 pon rer tm deoliogco pontmudb aslogcoatcu lhrb asl traaetcchir lhrz ntrseaeuechira esznser uaetraah esi rea aotxgorah nit eanoorl xgodtannt nno rl t.dodtanh n ted.doah deedta det +–+1–1++++–+–+++–++–+++–+–+–+–+++++–+–+++–+–++––+++++++2++2+++++++++++++++Lcuo+Lcrcuo+raerc+rlnae+++tln++t+++++++++–++–+++++3++3–6––+06 –+m0 VmV––+–+–+–++–+–+–++–++–+–+–+++
256 257
M08_MART3804_08_SE_C08.indd 256 24/10/2018 21:06 M08_MART3804_08_SE_C08.indd 257 24/10/2018 21:06
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NEW Spotlight Figure Videos Bring This
Effective Text Feature to Life
NEW! 10 Spotlight
Videos bring the popular
in-text feature to life, with
narrated, annotated guidance
that walks students through
some of toughest topics in
A&P. Spotlight Video topics
include: Inflammation and
Regeneration, Synovial
Joints, The Contraction Cycle,
Refractive Problems, The
Composition of Whole Blood,
The Heart: Internal Anatomy
and Blood Flow, Pulmonary
Ventilation, Chemical Events
in Digestion, A Summary
of Kidney Function, and
Regulation of Female
Reproduction.
SmartArt Video: Endochondral Ossification
Watch the SmartArt Video for chapter 6, and then complete the question at right. Part A
A hard ossified bone in an adult actually begins within the embryo
as a miniature version composed of ____________.
elastic cartilage
hyaline cartilage
dense regular connective tissue
dense irregular connective tissue
fibrocartilage
Submit Request Answer
Coaching Activities in Mastering A&P™ allow instructors to assign
the videos to ensure students view them.
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Build Your Knowledge Integration Figures
Emphasize That the Body Systems Work
Together, Not in Isolation
Build Your Knowledge Integration features show students how body systems affect each
other and work together to maintain homeostasis.
636 URINARY SYSTEM
Build Your Knowledge
How the URINARY SYSTEM integrates with the other body systems presented so far
Integumentary System Nervous System
• The Integumentary System prevents • The Nervous System adjusts renal blood
excessive fluid loss through skin surface; pressure; monitors distension of urinary
produces vitamin D3, important for the bladder and controls urination
renal production of calcitriol; sweat glands
assist in elimination of water and solutes • The urinary system eliminates nitrogenous
wastes; maintains fluid, electrolyte, and
• The urinary system eliminates nitrogenous acid-base balance of blood, which is critical
wastes; maintains fluid, electrolyte, and for neural function
acid-base balance of blood that nourishes
the skin Endocrine System
Respiratory System • The Endocrine System produces aldosterone
and ADH, which adjust rates of fluid and
• The Respiratory System assists in the electrolyte reabsorption by kidneys
regulation of pH by eliminating carbon
dioxide • The urinary system releases renin when local
blood pressure drops and erythropoietin
• The urinary system assists in the elimination (EPO) when renal oxygen levels fall
of carbon dioxide; provides bicarbonate
buffers that assist in pH regulation
Lymphatic System
Cardiovascular System • The Lymphatic System provides adaptive
(specific) defense against urinary tract
• The Cardiovascular System delivers blood to infections
glomerular capillaries, where filtration
occurs; accepts fluids and solutes • The urinary system eliminates toxins and
reabsorbed during urine production wastes generated by cellular activities; acid
pH of urine provides innate (nonspecific)
• The urinary system releases renin defense against urinary tract infections
to elevate blood pressure and
erythropoietin (EPO) to accelerate
red blood cell production
Digestive System
Skeletal System • The Digestive System absorbs water needed
to excrete wastes at kidneys; absorbs ions
• The Skeletal System provides some needed to maintain normal body fluid
protection for kidneys and ureters with its concentrations; liver removes bilirubin
axial divison; pelvis protects urinary
bladder and proximal portion of urethra • The urinary system excretes toxins absorbed
by the digestive epithelium; excretes
• The urinary system conserves calcium and bilirubin and nitrogenous wastes from the
phosphate needed for bone growth liver; calcitriol production by kidneys aids
calcium and phosphate absorption
Muscular System
Urinary System
• The Muscular System controls urination
by closing urethral sphincters. Muscle The urinary system excretes metabolic waste
layers of trunk provide some protection and maintains normal body fluid pH and ion
for urinary organs composition.
It:
• The urinary system excretes waste • regulates blood volume and blood pressure
18 products of muscle and protein • regulates plasma concentrations of sodium,
metabolism; assists in regulation of potassium, chloride, and other ions
calcium and phosphate concentrations • helps to stabilize blood pH
• conserves valuable nutrients
M18_MART3804_08_SE_C18.indd 636 9/6/18 2:57 PM
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NEW Interactive Versions of These Figures Allow
Students to Explore at Their Own Pace
Build Your Knowledge
Coaching Activities are
assignable in Mastering A&P and
provide hints and wrong answer-
specific feedback to ensure
mastery of the concepts.
A01_MART8667_08_GE_FM.indd 6 20/05/2020 18:39
The Most Affordable and Efficient
Way to Learn—Pearson eText
Pearson eText is
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vocabulary all in one
place—even when
offline. Seamlessly
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Students can stop randomly searching online for study tools and flashcards that may not be credible or applicable
to their course. Pearson eText contains study tools that align directly to the textbook adopted. Students can
personalize a study notebook with the highlights and notes they take during reading, as well as the ones
instructors share with the class, effectively creating a study guide.
A01_MART8667_08_GE_FM.indd 7 20/05/2020 18:39
Mastering A&P™ Is So Much More
than Online Homework
NEW! PAL 3.1 Mobile,
Customizable Flashcards allow
students to create a personalized,
mobile-friendly deck of flashcards
and quizzes using images from the
virtual Practice Anatomy Lab 3.1.
Students can use the checklist to filter
down to the images referenced in the
course. For optimal viewing, access
the flashcards on a mobile device
using Mastering login credentials.
Dynamic Study Modules (DSMs) continue to
be the most favored study tool of surveyed students in
the Mastering learning tools suite. Using a flashcard,
gaming style, students figure out what they know and
don‘t know, building confidence before a test. DSMs
are available to students with a Mastering subscription
and allow students to study the structures instructors
want them to learn.
A01_MART8667_08_GE_FM.indd 8 20/05/2020 18:39
