Essential Back Care

226 Pages·2011·29.722 MB·English

by  DK Publishing

E S S E NTI A L

BACK CARE

E S S E NTI A L
BACK CARE
CONTENTS
LONDON, NEW YORK, MUNICH,
MELBOURNE, DELHI
ABOUT THIS BOOK 6 CHRONIC SCIATICA 46
Senior Editors Gareth Jones,
Ed Wilson NONSPECIFIC NERVE-ROOT PAIN 47
Senior Art Editors Gillian Andrews, SPINAL STENOSIS 48
Keith Davis PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME 49
Project Editors Corinne Masciocchi, BUTTOCK AND COCCYX PAIN 50
Hannah Bowen, Cécile BACK & NECK ANATOMY COCCYDYNIA 51
Landau, Scarlett O’Hara
SACROILIITIS 52
US Editor Jill Hamilton
THE SPINE 10 GLUTEUS MEDIUS
US Medical Consultant Eric N. Dubrow, MD
THE SPINAL CANAL AND NERVES 14 DYSFUNCTION 53
Project Art Editors Phil Gamble,
MUSCLES AND LIGAMENTS 16 WHOLE SPINE CONDITIONS 54
Yen Mai Tsang
INFLAMMATORY DISEASE 55
Production Editor Joanna Byrne
HYPERMOBILITY SYNDROME 56
Production Controller Sophie Argyris
POSTURAL PAIN 57
Jacket Designer Mark Cavanagh
SCOLIOSIS 58
Managing Editor Stephanie Farrow DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT ACUTE VERTEBRAL COMPRESSION
Managing Art Editor Lee Griffiths
FRACTURE 59
Illustrators Philip Wilson, Debbie SYMPTOMS CHARTS 20
Maizels, Mark Walker,
Debajyoti Dutta, Phil NECK 20
Gamble, Darren Awuah MIDBACK 22
LOW BACK AND LEG 24
First American Edition, 2011 ACUTE NECK AND CAUSES OF
Published in the United States by
DK Publishing NERVE-ROOT PAIN 26 BACK & NECK PAIN
375 Hudson Street
CERVICAL DISK HERNIATION 27
New York, New York 10014
ACUTE TORTICOLLIS 28 MUSCULAR TENSION 62
11 12 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
WHIPLASH 29 ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS 63
001–179160–August/2011 CHRONIC NECK AND SPONDYLOLYSIS AND
NERVE-ROOT PAIN 30 SPONDYLOLISTHESIS 64
Copyright © 2011 Dorling Kindersley Limited
All rights reserved. FACET JOINT PAIN 31 VERTEBRAL COMPRESSION
MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME 32 FRACTURE 65
Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved
above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, DISK-RELATED PAIN 33 HYPERMOBILITY
stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or THORACIC PAIN 34 AND INSTABILITY 66
transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), MECHANICAL 35 DISCOGENIC PAIN 67
without the prior written permission of both the ACUTE LOW-BACK PAIN 36 FACET JOINT STRAIN 68
copyright owner and the above publisher of this book.
ACUTE LUMBAR DYSFUNCTION 37 SACROILIAC STRAIN 69
Published in Great Britain by DISK HERNIATION AND SCIATICA 38 DISC HERNIATION 70
Dorling Kindersley Limited.
SACROILIAC STRAIN 39 ACUTE TORTICOLLIS 71
A catalog record for this book is available CHRONIC LOW-BACK PAIN 40 WHIPLASH 72
from the Library of Congress.
DISK-RELATED PAIN 41 SPINAL STENOSIS
ISBN 978-0-7566-8264-4
FACET JOINT PAIN 42 AND DEGENERATION 73
DK books are available at special discounts when SPONDYLOLYSIS SCOLIOSIS 74
purchased in bulk for sales promotions, premiums,
fund-raising, or educational use. For details, contact: AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS 43 COCCYDYNIA 75
DK Publishing Special Markets, 375 Hudson Street, INSTABILITY SYNDROME PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME 76
New York, New York 10014 or [email protected].
AND SACROILIAC STRAIN 44 GLUTEUS MEDIUS
Printed and bound in Singapore by NONSPECIFIC/ DYSFUNCTION 77
Tien Wah Press Ltd.
Discover more at www.dk.com LUMBAR DYSFUNCTION 45
BMA MEDICAL EDITOR
Dr. Michael Peters is Consulting Medical
Editor to the British Medical Association and
Director of the Doctors for Doctors Unit at
the BMA, having previously worked as a GP.
WORKING IN
CONSULTANT EDITORS
YOUR GARDEN 132
DRIVING YOUR CAR 134 Dr. John Tanner is a private practitioner
WHERE TO FIND HELP DURING PREGNANCY 136 in musculoskeletal and sports medicine
with a special interest in back injuries and
CARING FOR YOUNG
their treatment. He qualified in medicine
CONSULTING YOUR CHILDREN 138
and psychology in London and trained
PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR 80
as a general practitioner, then went on to
CONSULTING A SPECIALIST 82
study medical and osteopathic methods
TREATMENT WITH DRUGS 84
of manipulation, physical fitness training,
TREATMENT WITH INJECTIONS 86 sports injuries, and pain management. He
TREATMENT WITH SURGERY 88 STRATEGIES FOR now runs a multidisciplinary clinic in West
CONSULTING A COPING WITH PAIN Sussex that specializes in musculoskeletal
PHYSICAL THERAPIST 90 problems (www.ovingclinic.co.uk), is
CONSULTING AN OSTEOPATH 94 COPING WITH PAIN 142 Education Chairman of the British Institute
CONSULTING A PERCEPTION OF PAIN 144 of Musculoskeletal Medicine, and organizes
the teaching program for doctors in this
CHIROPRACTOR 96 PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
field. He lectures for the International Spine
USING MASSAGE 98 IN BACK PAIN 146
Intervention Society in Europe and is Co
CONSULTING AN PAIN RELIEF THROUGH
Clinical Lead at Bupa Health and Wellbeing,
ACUPUNCTURIST 100 RELAXATION 148
Barbican, London.
RELAXATION TECHNIQUES 102 LYING DOWN AND SLEEPING 150
Eva Niezgoda-Hadjidemetri  Msc MCSP
OTHER THERAPIES 104 WASHING AND DRESSING 154
HPC is a musculoskeletal physiotherapist
MOVING AROUND 156
who gained a Masters degree in Physical
Rehabilitation in Warsaw, Poland, after
which she worked in Warsaw’s Rehabilitation
Centre. Since moving to the UK in 1986
BACK & NECK
she has attended numerous postgraduate
MAINTENANCE REHABILITATION
training courses in manual therapy, gaining
EXERCISES an extensive knowledge of Maitland, Cyriax,
HOW THE BACK WORKS 108 McKenzie, and neurodynamic methods. A
WHO IS MOST AT RISK? 110 NECK AND BACK 160 specialist in the rehabilitation of neck and
back conditions, with a special interest in
IMPROVING YOUR POSTURE 112 BACK AND BUTTOCKS 178
sports injuries and hypermobility syndrome,
EXERCISE AND SPORT 116
Eva currently works at the 999 Medical &
THE BENEFITS OF STRETCHING 118
Diagnostic Centre, London.
EATING FOR HEALTH 120
GLOSSARY 214
Disclaimer
USEFUL ADDRESSES 216 The information in this book is designed to help
INDEX 218 you make informed decisions about your health,
diet, fitness, and exercise/rehabilitation program.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 224 It is not intended as a substitute for professional
STRATEGIES FOR advice from doctors and/or physical therapists.
If you suspect that you have an injury or other
PREVENTING PAIN
medical problem, you should seek the approval
of your doctor and physical therapist before you
begin any form of exercise. Neither the publisher
AT THE OFFICE 124
nor anyone else involved in the preparation of
LIFTING AND this book is engaged in rendering professional
CARRYING 128 advice or services to the individual reader.
For further advice on safety, see page 224.
DOING HOUSEWORK 130
6
ABOUT THIS BOOK
ABOUT THIS BOOK
Opening with an introduction to back and using a range of simple strategies and how to
neck anatomy, this book profiles a range of cope with pain and adapt your behavior. The
back and neck conditions, their causes, and closing section provides a range of rehabilitation
the treatment options available. The following exercises which can also be used as part of a
chapters offer advice on preventing problems fitness program.
BACK AND NECK ANATOMY A
Cartilage fi
This section provides an insight into the anatomy of your back and neck, explaining the complex
Bone
structure of your spine and how it functions with the nerves, muscles, and ligaments surrounding it.
12 BACK AND NECK ANATOMY THE SPINE 13
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n areeTu hcraeal l lbceaadcn kpa rlo—ofc teheasacste hcs o.v neTrhttaeeinsbesr aaa rnheda as p rsrreaovnteegnce tdps riyono jetuhcrr tseiopeni npsaa, lwi rcsho wircdiht.h TEfaaHcceEht FojoAfi ntChtEe. TI vt eJisOr theINebrrTea Seth iant ytoheu rl ospwienra la crtoicluumlarn p mroeceetsss aets ao f Cartilage Afinbnrousluuss Npuulcploeusus s Synovial cavity
an odd one out—the spinous process. Your spinous processes the first vertebra link up, or “articulate,” with the upper Bone
a reT hthee s pkninoobubs lpy rboictse stsh asitt sr ubne tawlle tehne twhea ys idx opwainre ydo purro scpeisnsee.s aprrtoiccuelsasre sp arorec essmseoso othf tahned s felacto, nlidke. Tthhee fsaucrefatsc eosf ao fd tihamesoe nd— Disk containing fluid
(three on either side). Two of the pairs—the upper articular hence the reason that the joints are called facet joints, as
prNpiSsoe Toacr fRetcewrscoUostsle ysvC,s est TehratceneUtybido rRa naltle hE oh ea fa Or oveloen Fe ewixn aoTdecfHir tvt lhyiadE erau tllViaiocklw eEuc.ehlR AasatTrlr t athEpwcoBrtoueo RrgtcihhsAeto itscrEhsasee.c ySisc h—fi votae wtrcotntge ebbatreshal eoejor,w i n ts, wwtvoehe rtithlcelh eba rrhsaib aebvs, e,ew a ishnnmidgca h alkl hcnflraoaovtswe fs a mnsce euactctssih o(p cnlaoo rosgstftae eolr nrfpaieorc oeorct fsje ot)sh swieneh sfit es(rrs.sept ittnwhoeouy sl ua prmero bacatetras scehse).d Fjoaicnett ScBoyoSmnnnyoteenavmoiinavbilinr acagla n vfleiutyid Bone Bone
indhainevnelidpdroA vulifielnag lustlaaah ,s ermtmetltore waebummtnoseoctein srctln eehkaotssesslf,, Lumbar vertebraeTvherotreabcriac UapTpLapFSpaorrprrrrrpCfattoooocawiiiponneccccccceessotuueeeee trvrjtsslsslua o aaessssslrrir n set NTNSchecpeapauorunionrTpnrraacaararolleallo c unscisssce v svesresretebrae LTarampnirsnovaecerSpsBvUapspreesroorpi torndciptccoeeyeuesub roslss arsf ar TcmalfsmfTTokpvurahnearhhofHicboc eaorroeeysetttirmuEui oniewiittfalocn ailbltubDjrodnaanadogtrrrt tn iia Ie i apanciwvtSnsne ,nhsue iu eKtdnigt weelsrtrahra h fS tf, lhnbyoew etajii woiqoni ercbnloehmieuut ehrgnntwer aisrhik tdt dac sehre,iesa hulen ptetebp tahghr jg n inuofrltjnu a aaheo oeotittlatcn eaihf efatcnleff t r .elioitotc.s t sclh oAals vooInsiioeitenpte sl lsct funpiy d rthe scaae wtmtr lfeharnliordfoymto e rendidi. crtlspi ima panue plfbecagrvo ncrsotoaogieoeidr t tmetva yttscit pahve p oeapas naeritlmsynnneradht snom dd td,eet le otooa c s oekbshvyv fa,caenv ey eeiltsatreleFTlmao rhlreiieetplt nahvp m hletedoep ufeeecse l lmeb iby fdae eum naar c torr rtncbeisrhw iea aadtadcyajurdtiadeoipata c—inrtirituntnt shui tns o iaonwikacen luylgpabb atv , ego islr r teoigos iu e oaflhups t erdvat ulrr r e oecuoyicdch u ct e intt vhsudesar eictnes aag ors ttfsih Ipabta fiTfieamTilastaonasheslvrhhsue t glcf esroes c eoAjaeeaelac stio ap mvncd.w, hrced i adhepsenTiylteasoaniythshnhmtei as vu.s p gjwgt keoasnabtoekHhseehee . nlmciusi l eictnelteni,Tyseo kah hsrldtea n udh te- wtaayo ndsa aoitaasiivbnbn ertsfseliv cdb ee.s ssft ynlohivaa eio amkrisr bsueiiubtnlo t g b kettwrraless oroh,uo buc obbaiids s sastrsdmnplriu iaiuetunbenfsesieb.i sknsog xbi gtgrT nestsot gcflDDwfim rrhtc rhd ogteoaoa btehihauimaaih srersnessmnacitkdmesbekce u rc,onstogheos h s aessemis ocrdnio tafno,atitiloeo. i snynru sreofrf oa nrTa nsiaui dbcsatfeldnstrtehifeol d c a netiiaspbaessccmrcnirtidhn su— tn ouerooivalgnr epiaala ietgrunptamnci nunowbpyientnneylgorndhsnmec le o plege—eegone—,yree dtersres buiex hr meftsl bttnnctaotaosqeoh o serueeeit bmfurrsureftiee cncn c l lsilacafamtoaalv eea oee thncynhsellce fauuusiletetu enuyk h r,onpsisrssa u n rce s odetcpos saefnl vlrs guuoa aeuirisafoettdisn sb f cthsrlsu ak st rp n eclse-fieehctahjsi stooasgqestbns aa t eoossmnepar, ebrnuntu eaorcc ni sudrcrriisa sjoe,skudneaau,dso li ul nipss.r ti,dc.g npisi tht ek.bsnori,h r a tvk oa,i aut csp eti,ll urs elt e s a. — FTlmaiDn ahleueecembde atr tbrwai tcjriioiaactlnthuieinen ldpat gsrr s u obflptrturrrreouoiecdcucta eitntvhskudesard eictnes aoag ors wttfsih ilasanet gf ssjae om c.i eTnotht v jesoee miscnyrtene naotertve.si a l
your back and neck Lumbar vertebrae Bveordteyb orfa aTffiinhbbderroo obsuuuess tloc.e aTrw rhlt aeiitly a,ae genrensn ,a ouwblfu lhtisnhi cfigshib y drfoooisurskmu taso rwt ehm hemoantva bedisl e eak nnunddpos wt owwnf ii btsahtas yn tthodheuse r e o anbfn dotno dpuuyll.aug thse n—ooenra r r vtmuhepesist, u ndarounemrdsa— let hsirs,he soe ipnaftatcehienn o atarh sd aesio snrkcee iscaruavtelnetd ,no oowf rta i tesnhlvi peiann, j“bu sflurrioeptd mph eed adrisn tkdiea ipastrekr es”in s s ing obaf cthke a sntdru ncetucrke bs uinil dy ouupr
cartilage, which coats the flat surfaces of each vertebra. the fibers of the annulus fibrosus itself.
a full anatomical profile
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT CAUSES OF BACK AND NECK PAIN
Opening with three symptoms diagnosis charts, this section profiles This section provides further information on the medical
a range of neck and back conditions with information on prognoses causes of the back and neck conditions outlined in the
and therapy options, along with sample medical and physical therapy previous chapter, with comprehensive profiles and fully
treatment tables. annotated anatomical artworks.
30 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT CHRONIC NECK AND NERVE-ROOT PAIN 31
CHRONIC NECK AND NERVE-ROOT PAIN TREATMENT—FACET JOINT PAIN
CERVICAL SPINE IMMEDIATE SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
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EARLY STAGE INTERMEDIATE STAGE ADVANCED STAGE
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Treatment tables Anatomical illustrations
provide examples of the treatments and therapies show at a glance how each of the various
your doctor and physical therapist may suggest causes affect the bones, nerves, muscles,
at different stages of your rehabilitation and ligaments of your back and neck
7
ABOUT THIS BOOK
WHERE TO FIND HELP BACK AND NECK MAINTENANCE
This section gives you an insight into the process of diagnosis, Explaining the role your back and neck play in most bodily
and provides useful details of the wide range of medical and movements, this section discusses key risk factors and offers
complementary treatment options now available to sufferers guidance on various strategies you can use to reduce your
of back and neck pain. risk of developing problems in the first place.
80 WHERE TO FIND HELP CONSULTING YOUR PRIMARY CARE DOCTOR 81 120BACK AND NECK MAINTENANCE EATING FOR HEALTH121
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Feature box panels Charts and infographics
describe the types of treatment you may be given make key facts and figures
by each of the various healthcare practitioners clear and easy to digest
STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING PAIN STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH PAIN
This section shows you the ideal postures and movements for This section arms you with helpful advice on coping with
a range of common day-to-day activities at home and work, the often debilitating effects of back and neck conditions,
in order to help reduce your chances of developing back or along with a range of strategies to help you manage your
neck pain, or aggravating an existing condition. pain effectively on a more long-term basis.
124STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING PAIN AT THE OFFICE125 150STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH PAIN LYING DOWN AND SLEEPING151
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Annotated illustrations Q&A panels
present key information on provide clear answers to the key issues that patients
equipment and body positions tend to raise when they are undergoing treatment
REHABILITATION EXERCISES 117788REHABILITATION EXERCISES BACK AND BUTTOCKS179
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