Essays on Conflicts and Human Capital Accumulation

146 Pages·2017·10.58 MB·English

CERGE
Center for Economics Research and Graduate Education
Charles University Prague
Essays on Conflicts and Human Capital
Accumulation
Dejan Kovač
Dissertation
Prague, March 2018

Dejan Kovač
Essays on Conflicts and Human Capital
Accumulation
Dissertation
Prague, March 2018

Dissertation Committee
Randall K. Filer (City University of New York; chair)
Stepan Jurajda (CERGE -EI; local chair)
Jacob N. Shapiro (Princeton University)
Referees
Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel (Dalhousie University)
Marco Manacorda (Queen Mary University of London)
i
ii
To my family
iii
iv
Table of Contents
Abstract vii
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction 1
1 Do Fathers Matter?: Paternal Mortality and Children’s Long-Run Out-
comes 5
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2 Literature Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.3 The Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.3.1 Theoretical framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.3.2 Econometric specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.3.3 Prenatal and postnatal analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.4 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.4.1 Historical setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.4.2 Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.5 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.5.1 Family income as a channel of effect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.5.2 Balancing tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.5.3 Effects of paternal mortality on long-run outcomes . . . . . . . . 23
1.5.4 Robustness checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.5.5 Prenatal and postnatal exposure to paternal mortality shock . . . 28
1.5.6 Father’s disability level and children’s outcomes . . . . . . . . . . 30
1.5.7 Differential sibling exposure to father’s time investment . . . . . . 31
1.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1.7 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
1.8 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
v
2 What’s in a Name in a War 57
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2.2 The War of Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
2.3 Nationalist Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2.4 Names and Behavior in War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.4.1 Volunteering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.4.2 KIA Risks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
2.5 The Use of Nationalist Names and War Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
2.6 Intergenerational Transmission of Nationalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
2.6.1 Supplementary Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
2.7 Voting Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
2.8 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
2.9 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
2.10 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
2.10.1 Name Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
2.10.2 Appendix Tables and Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
3 Beyond the Call of Duty: Intergenerational Transmission of Costs of
War 101
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
3.2 War Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3.3 The Croatian War of Independence in Our Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
3.3.1 Croatian Army Size and Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
3.4 War Exposure and Post-War Suicides of Veterans . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
3.5 Intergenerational Costs of War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
3.5.1 Effects of Veterans’ Suicides on Children’s
Educational Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
3.5.2 Intergenerational Transmission of the Inability to Handle Stress . 116
3.6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
3.7 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
vi