ERIOGONUM CALLISTUM (POLYGONACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM THE TEHACHAPI MOUNTAINS OF CALIFORNIA

2006·3.6 MB·English

by  James L Reveal

1
ERIOGONUM NEW
CALLISTUM A
(POLYGONACEAE),
SPECIES
EROM
THE
TEHACHAPI MOUNTAINS
OF CALIFORNIA
James
ReveaP
L.
University of Maryland
USA
College Park, Maryland 20742-58
5,
and
New
York Botanical Garden
New
Bronx ParK York 10458-5026.
U.S.A.
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Eriogonum new Eucyda
callistum, a species of subg. Nutt. from the Tehachapi Mountains Kern
of Co., California,
&
new
is the sole representative of Sect. Lanoccphala, a section allied to Sect. Lachnogyna Torr. A. Gray, a taxon
mainly of the Great Plams, but probably more closely related to Sect. Latifolia Benth. of the Pacific Coast. The
new
forming mounds
species differs in large, compact, roundish of densely clothed caudex branches and
rosettes
new from which
of leaves arise several upright scapose flowering stems rermmated by
a capitate inflorescence
many many
subtended by bracts with involucres contaming numerous, hairy bright white flowers on long, hairy
and
pedicels, glabrous, trigonous achenes.
RESUMEN
Eriogonum una nueva Eucyda montanas
callistuni, especie del subg. Nutt. de las Tehachapi de Kern Co., Califor-
&
nia, es el unico representante de la Sect. Lanocephala, una seccion nueva proxima a la Sect, Lachnogyna Torr. A.
Gray, un taxon de las Grandes Llanuras principalmente, pero probablemente mas relacionado con
la Sect. Latifolia
Benth. de la costa pacifica. La nueva especie difiere por formar grandes masas compactas redondeadas de ramas
hojosas y rosetas de hojas nuevas, de las que surgen hacia arriba varies tallos floridos escaposos que terminan en
una inflorescencia capitada subtendida por muchas bracteas, con muchos involucros que contienen numerosas
bianco
f lores brillante, sobre pedicelos largos pelosos, y aquenios trigones glabros.
y
The member
discovery of another undescribed of Eriogonum Michx. (Polygonaceae
]uss.,
subf Eriogonoideae from
Arn.) California is not, in itself, a surprise, but one so distinct as
.
new
and
represent such
to a section, of potential as cultivated garden
a plant, at least
is
unusual.
Eriogonum
Michx. Lanocephala nov
Sect. Reveal, sect, Jype: Eriogonum calhstum Reveal.
A
Eriogono sectionibus singularis floribus
pedicellis
et pilosis.
Eriogonum nov
callistum Reveal,
sp. (Fig. 1).Tvth:U.S.A.CaliF0RN1A; Kern Tehachapi Mountains,
Co.:
May NX
26 2006. R.E. Preston 2400 (holotype: UC; isotypes: RSA,
US).
A
Eriogono lachnogyno Torr. ex Benth. loliis lationbus et longioribus, involucris numerosis (10-35 nee 2-5),
et
floribus albis (nee flavis) et E. latifolio Sm. floribus pilosis differt.
Plants perennial forming densely white-tomentose, rounded, compact mounds,
3-10(-ll)
dm
dm
across and (0.5-)l-3.5 high, arising from woody taproot numerous,
a stout,
vv^ith
spreading, tightly compact caudex branches covered marcescent
vv^ith leaves ultimately
terminated by numerous,
a tight leafy rosette of nevv^ly-formed basal
leaves; leaves fas-
cm
ciculate in terminal tufts, persistent, the petiole 1.5-5 long, grayish-white tomentose,
cm cm
narrowly
the petiole-base triangular, glabrous, 0.5-3 long, 0.3-0.8 wide, becoming
Mailing address: 18625 Spring Canyon Road, Montrose, Colorado 81401-7906,
U.S.A
857-861.
SIDA 2006
22(2):
BRIT.ORG/SIDA 22(2)
858
Illustration (left to right) of a leaf, an involucre, and a flower with its pedicel and bractlets.
Fig. 1
.
papery and reddish-brown with the blade flattened or shghtly folded longi-
age, elliptic,
tudinally, (l-)2-5 cm long, 0.8-2 cm wide, silky grayish-white tomentose on both sur-
from
margins lat;/loweringstcm scapose, arising centrally rosette, erect
faces, the entire,
f
dm
or nearly slender sohd, not fistulosc, (L5-)2-4(-4.5) long, greenish to grayish, be-
so,
cm
2-4
coming reddish with thinly tomentose; inflorescences capitate, across; bracts
age,
mm mm
8-16, subfoliaceous, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 4-12(-15) long, 1-3 wide, to-
mentose on both surfaces except glabrous basally on adaxial surface; peduncles absent;
mm mm
2-4
involucres 10-25(-35) per cluster, turbinate, (5-)6-8(-9) long, wide, rigid,
mm
tomentose abaxially glabrous adaxially, the teeth erect, 2-3.5 long, acute apically;
5,
mm
2-5 (5-)6-10(-12)
flowers bisexual, not attenuated basally long, the pedicels pilose,
mm mm
long, the bractlets linear, 4-8(-10) long, pilose throughout, the perianth pink-
m
ish-white bud, becoming bright white, densely white tomentose with long, soft hairs
mid-
abaxially glabrous adaxially except glands along the rosy to yellowish-green
for
connate 1/4-1/3
the tepals their len
ribs,
mm
3-6
the outer three slightly broader than the inner three; stamens exserted, long,
tic,
the filaments pilose proximally the anthers oblong, pale yellow with a tinge of pink to
mm
mm
3-4
0.4-0.5 long; achenes trigonous, long, glabrous.
light rose,
2M
Other specimens examined: U.S.A. Kern Co.: Tehachapi Mt)untanis, 13Jun 2006, B.D. Stbajcr (DAV, NY, RSA,
RevcaUtal RSA, UC.
UC; us); 25Jul 2006J.L 8781 (NY, US).
new
Eriogonum callislmn (from kaUiston most beautiful; Figs. 3) represents a sec-
Gr., 2,
and
The Lanocephala (from wooly
within Eucychi lenos hairs,
tion subg. Nutt. Sect. Gr.,
NEW
REVEAL, A SPECIES OF ERIOGONUM FROM CALIFORNIA
859
ofEriogonum
Fig. 2. Habit callistum.
Fig. 3. An inflorescence of Eriogonum callistum at anthesis.
860 BR1T.ORG/SIDA 22(2}
on arranged
kcphale, head, as to the pilose flowers hairy pedicels in a capitate inflores-
&
Lachnogyna taxon two encountered
cence) similar to Sect. Torr. A. Gray, a of species
is
from eastern Arizona to western Texas northward onto the southern Great Plams to Colo-
E
rado and Kansas. Although the type, lachnogynum, has hairy achenes, the other spe-
tomentum
The
havardh Watson, has glabrous grayish-white
cies, £. fruits. soft, silky,
S.
mem-
of the leaves of callistum similar to that seen in both species, and while both
E. is
m
Lachnogyuahave The
bers of Sect. yellow flowers, those of E. callisl u are a bright white.
more and
monospecific section probably closely allied to Sect. Laiijolia Benth., specifi-
is
mounds
element Sm. Both form rounded
cally the coastal of the taxon, latijolium of
E.
leaves and have numerous involucres in capitate heads. Still, E. latijolium is best charac-
m
woody
subshrub shrub with aboveground, Eriogonum
terized as a or long, stems. callisi u
an herbaceous perennial with short, stout, caudcx branches buried in a mixture of soil
is
and marcescent leaves. Nonetheless, Sect. LanoccphaJa the only taxon in the genus with
is
hairy pedicels. The flowers of E. caUistum are individually small but numerous in nu-
The
merous involucres that together form a capitate cluster atop long, slender scapes.
and embryo abundant mealy
achene trigonous, glabrous, contains a curved in en-
is
dosperm; as such typical of most species of subg. Eucycla. Ongoing molecular stud-
It is
should resolve an exact placement of Sect. Lanoccphala.
ies
known
At present, Eriogonum callistum only from a few scattered locations that
is
new
some 2000 The
altogether contain individuals in a variety of age classes. species
among
grows mainly in open places manzanita on rock outcrops of pre-Cretaccous lime-
&
stone (Jennings Strand on open ridges within mixed chaparral. Associated spe-
1969),
&
cies include Adem^stomafasciculaium Hook. Arn., Amelanchicr utahcnsis Koehne,
Lemmon,
Arctostaphylos glauca Arctostaphylos parry ana Hcsperoyucca whipplci
Lindl.,
&
(Torr.) Trek, Pinus monophylla Torr. Frem., Ceanolhus cuncatus (Hook.) Nutt., Quercus
herheridiJoHa Liebm., Tauschiaparishii (J.M.Coult.&Rose)J.F.Macbr., Caslilkja martinii
&
V
Abrams, and Corydanlhus cremicus (Coville Morton) Munz.
C.
new
In the key to Eriogonum in Elora ojNorth America (Reveal 2005), the wild buck-
num-
wheat will key to subg. Eucycla, Key 1-California 22,5) and will proceed to lead
(p.
may
ber 12 226). That be modified as follows:
(p.
Perianth glabrous; Sierra Nevada, Transverse Ranges, and desert ranges to the east from
12. s
Mono County to Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties 73. Eriogonum kennedyi
s
Mono
Perianth pubescent; Last Change Range, Inyo and counties, or Tehachapi Mountains,
12.
Kern County.
dm
12a. Achenes pubescent; pedicels glabrous; scapes up to 0.3 long; Last Change Range,
Mono Eriogonum
nyo and counties 68. shockleyi
dm
12a. Achenes glabrous; pedicels pilose; scapes 2-3.5 long; Tehachapi Mountains, Kern
Eriogonum
County 92a. callistum
Tlie author has agreed not to publish at this time detailed information as to the exact
and Eriogonum
location distribution of callistum.
make
Eriogonum caUistum should an attractive addition to the rock garden flora.
The roundish mats composed numerous
large, are of tight rosettes of persistent leaves
that remain attractive long after lowermg. The fresh leaves, plus those ol previous years
f
that remain on the caudcx branches, allow the mats to accumulate soil and plant debris
mounds
and thus enlarge as roundish v^ith each grovv^ing season. The numerous, closely
mean
arranged caudex branches that the plants can be grov/n as tight, compact clusters
The
along borders or in patterns. plants natural habitat suggests that requires
little
it
NEW
REVEAL, A SPEGES OF ERIOGONUM FROM CALIFORNIA
861
watering, prefers gravelly soil in open, sunny places, and should survive with or no
little
maintenance.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
wish thank Hazel preparing drawing
to Pollard for the line
I
REFERENCES
map
jFNNiNr,s,C.W.and R.G.Sk^and. 969. Geologic of California, Los Angeles Sheet. California Division
1
Mines and Geology, Sacramento.
Scale; :250;000.
1
Reveal, J.L 2005. 44a. Polygonaceae Jussieu subfam. Enogonoideae Arnott, Encycl. Brittannica (ed.
7),
5:126. 1832. Wild buckwheat.Fl.N.Amer.5:218-478.