ERIC ED412216: Preschool Assessment Instruments.

129 Pages·1994·2.3 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
TM 026 131
ED 412 216
Preschool Assessment Instruments.
TITLE
Nevada State Dept. of Education, Carson City.
INSTITUTION
1994-00-00
PUB DATE
NOTE
134p.
Bibliographies (131)
Reference Materials
PUB TYPE
EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage.
Criterion Referenced Tests; *Diagnostic Tests; Disabilities;
DESCRIPTORS
Educational Assessment; Evaluation Methods; Identification;
Norm Referenced Tests; *Preschool Children; Preschool
Education; *Screening Tests; *Special Education; Technical
Assistance; *Test Use; Testing Problems
*Nevada
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
This directory is intended to provide technical assistance
for Nevada school districts and other evaluators of preschool children in
selecting appropriate instruments to use in the multidisciplinary process for
special education eligibility. It is not a list of approved tests, and tests
not listed in this directory may be appropriate for assessment. It is the
responsibility of parents and professionals working together to develop a
picture of the child's abilities, and these instruments may be helpful. In
all, 56 tests are listed. Each test description describes the author,
publisher, publication information, the range of children tested, and details
about test administration and use. A "Discussion/Concerns" section mentions
additional detail about the test and its use. Charts also divided the tests
(2) criterion-referenced; and (3)
into groups as: (1) norm-referenced;
measures that can be adapted for use with parents.
(SLD)
********************************************************************************
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made
from the crIginal document.
**************************************************-.,A***************************
PRESCHOOL ASSESSMENT
INSTRUMENTS
NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
FALL 1994
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Office of Educational Research and Improvement
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CENTER (ERIC)
PfrThis document has been reproduced as
received from the person or organization
originating it.
Minor changes have been made to
improve reproduction quality.
Points of view pr opinions stated in this
document do not necessarily represent
official OERI position or policy.
BEST COPY AVAII ARI F
NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Special Education Branch
400 W. King Street
Carson City, NV 89710
Nevada State Board of Education
Yvonne Shaw, President
Liliam L. Hickey, Vice President
Peggy Lear Bowen
Frank Brown
Carley Sullivan
William Hanlon
Patricia Krajcech
Carol Lenhart
Dr. Marianne Long
Steve Stallworth
Terry Garcia-Cahlan
Jenny Herndon, Student Representative
Nevada Department of Education
Eugene T. Pas lov, Superintendent of Public Instruction
Mary L. Peterson, Deputy Superintendent of Instructional Services
Gloria Dopf, Director, Special Education
Ann Drendel-Haas, Consultant
Marsha Lakes, Consultant
Ann M. Marek, Consultant
Sharon Rogers, Consultant
Andrea Trow, Consultant
1994
3
INTRODUCTION
This document, Preschool Assessment Instruments, is intended to provide
technical assistance to Nevada school districts and other evaluators of
preschool children in selecting appropriate instruments to use in the
multidisciplinary assessment process for special education eligibility. This
resource should not be considered a listing of approved tests, as no
endorsement or recommendation by the Nevada Department of Education
is intended through the inclusion of any instrument in this document. An
appropriate and comprehensive assessment for any given child requires
that parents and professionals work together to determine the components
which are necessary to provide a picture of the child's abilities. Specific
regulations addressing eligibility determinations can be found in the
Nevada Administrative Code, (NAC), Chapter 388.
While instruments included in this document frequently are used for the
assessment of preschool children with disabilities, it is the responsibility of
the multidisciplinary team to select the specific tests for each child. Tests
which are not included in this document may be appropriate and can be
utilized as part of the assessment or evaluation process. The Nevada
Department of Education welcomes additional information on new and
promising tests for preschool children suspected of having a disability.
Special acknowledgment is given to the Arizona Department of Education
and Editor, Dr. Lynn Busenbark, who gave Nevada permission to reprint
this material that was developed for AZ-TAS Themes and Issues in a series
of topical papers on special education.
This guidance is provided as part of a larger technical assistance effort
known as NECTAR. NECTAR stands for Nevada Early Childhood Technical
It is the name given to the training and technical
Assistance Resources.
assistance activities provided by the Special Education Branch of the
Nevada Department of Education. The acronym and logo were developed
to represent the "cross pollination" efforts the Department conducts or
sponsors to facilitate the sharing of information, ideas and techniques
among early childhood special education programs in Nevada.
4
n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
i
i
v
d d
v
e
r r
e
d
a a
d

d d

d
d
n n
r
r
a
a a
a
6
d
t t
d
n
s s
n

a
a
a a
t
s
t
s

s
d d
t

n

a
l l
a
e

e e

d
m
d
i i
l
y y
l
m
e
e

i
o
i
t t
y
y
o o
C

t
n n
t
o
o

n
s s
n

e e

s
s
o o
e
i
o
d d
o
d
n
n
- -
d
d d
-
o
o
d
-
e e
i
i
d
e
t
t
m m
e
a
a
m
n
i
i
r r
v
v
r
n
o o
o
e
o
e
N N
N
N
d
d
a
1
.
4
I
t
;
X
X X
X X
X
X
a
I
X
X X
t
X X X
X
X
p
D
1
l
I
a

I
a
I
X
X
X X X X
X X X
X
X
X X
a
X
X
'
I
I
4
I
X
X X X X X X
X
)
X
X X
X
X X
X
,
X
r
,
j
4
Z
I
4
I
4
1
X
I
0

p
.
i
f
F
.
r
1
1
c
I
I
H
X
X
X
1
I
.
1
1
1
l
a
6
I
X
1
'
X
I
t
X
X
n
g
.
'
e
9
a
1
m
s
-
,
I
X
a
X
I
X
)
1
1
L
p
"
e
(
o
1
r
A
l
I
1
e
"
1
s
I
X

v
I
1
1
e
k
e

D
1
'
r
4
1
I
1
_
u
X
X
X
X X
a
.
I
X
X X
4
8
-
s
1
I
f
1
1
1
a

1
X
X X
I
X X
u
X
:
1
l
e
0
i
A
4
M
X
X
1
X
-
4

,
R
4
,
d
1
Y
I
P
i
P
P
P
P P

'
I
p
1
_
I
P
4
D

1
d
D
D D D D
E
D
i
D D D
I
O
D D
)
I
.

i
1

I
S
r
C
1

o
S
r
7
1

e
T
,
.
a
5
I
1
f
C

S

p
f
e
f
I
S
i

r
E
N N
Z
Z
N N
N N N N N
N N
N N
-
R
m
7
X
X X X
X
X X X
X
X
X X
r
o
X X
6
X X X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
N
X
5
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
e
g
X X
4
X X X X
X X
X X X
X
X
n
a
R
3
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
e
g
A
.
X
2
X
X
X
X
.
X
X
X
X
I
X
X
X
B
o
Z
?
3 9
5 7 3 5 7
3 5 7 9
5
3
1
5
1
o
1 1
1 1
2 2 4
3 3 3 3
5
2
5
4
6
i
)
.
t
y
-
l
.
r
S
a
n
b
y
o
g
R
u
e
a
r
t
o
n
n
)
m
o
o
A
c
y
S
a
l
o
)
r
t
M o
o
r
m
D
C
S
p
n
o
A
i
o
V
n
s
o
e
f
A
(
-
s
I
t
n
D
s
i
o

v
l
n
l
P
t
v
y
e
i
)
e
e
e
a
e

C
p
h
(
n
R
e
e
l
e
D
) r
l
l
r
u
v
a
e
P
C
a
a
l
v e
I
u
l
R
(
)
b
-
s
e
c
)
a
6
c

(
e
c
c

t

n
t
T
B
a
e
i
A
e

S
n
t
D

5
i
n
c
l
S
S
V
I
l
d
I a
g
c
a

i
1
l
V
e

i
I
a
o

H C

t

a
B

g
r
o
P
c
5
a
l
s

e
t
g
t
v
3
C
a
P
e
f
c
n
(
p

n
e
S
u
S

P a
w

d
n
o

t
d
l
t
S
T
i
W
t
e
a

g

E

n
i
n
t
s
i
n

c
L
s
l

r
t
c f
f
a

t
t
n
f
i

)
e o
e
o
o
e
e
i
s
o
o
.
n s
a
d
A
n
R
O
C
c
s
a
m
i
b
o m

i
e
W
e
e
t
R
d
r
I
e
e
o
a
t
)
a
L

(

P
i
h T
)
E
B
l
e
i
m
p
m
I
k
B
p
m
f C
t
s

L
a
l
h
M

c
S
r
n
i
o

i
(
s
a
n
d
o
e
A
c
l
L
s
r
l
l
o
C

b

s

(
o
e
a

o
N
a
i
f
c
n
d
i
i S
e
l

E
s e
V
i
A
b
)
t

o
L
e s
f
-
t
i
t
i
t
O
v
3
r
e
n
e
u

r
n
t
n
K
s s
C
i
v
A
o

y
(
9

a

P
i
s
l
a
A
c
t
a A

e
t
l
e

i
e a
1
a
c
s
i
l
(
h
n e
a
n
(
i

v

B
m
m
v
u

5
D c
t
e
a
l
n
e

l v
i
a
d
a
o
e
e
E
n
n
(
e
c
S
o
t
i
T

v
e
h

D
p
i
m
B
o
p

i
n
n
n
s
a
R
i
e

o s
e

t
t
e
i
t
o
o

w
t
o
e
y r
e
m
a
e
m
s
t

r
l
n
l
B
r
h
s

a
o
e
h
i
r
l
l
k l
r e
d
p
e
A
-
h
s
o
n
c
e
c
e
e
e
h

g
k
f
f
d
r
l
c
.
d
m
e
l
i
s
3
t
v
r
t i
v u
f
g
y
p

n
e
e
i
r
l
a
s
l
s
t l
d r
e f
9
i
h
u
e
h
e a
i
o
a a a
t x
o
o
e
s a
r
h
i
h
0
r
n
n
c
D
D K
D
C
B
B B B C
A
E
B C
C C
P
T
C
b
C
e
a
I
a
T
g
'
5
4
n
s
o
i
t
a
i
v
e
d

d
r
I
a
d
I
n
a
I
s
t
t
s
n

e
a
m

d
m
l
e
o
C
i

t
o
n

s
e
o
d
-
d
e
m
r
o
/
E
1
N
l
L
a
1
c
,
B
,
a
l
X
X
X X X X X X
X
X
,
X X X X
X
X
I
i
1
t
>
I
a
t
1
A
u
.
l
D

X
a
4
X X X X
X X X X X X X
&
0
X X
X X
I
L
n
/
.
8
I
A
X
X X
X X X X X X X X
X X
X
X X
n
t
V
b
C
V
-
A
1
/
T
_
1

1
v
X
I
X
1
X
8

4
Y
I
1
t
/
o

0
:
)
l
1
P
l
1
I
4
X X
X
d
a
.
I
t
9
g
a
n
e
O
e
,
(
1
7
s
u
X
1
m
I
n
,
1
I
(
p
W
e
n
.
o
I
r
A
T
l
i
1
X
e
A
I
n
t
I
v
c
1
o
n
R
e
D
1
X
1
o
X X X X
X X
X
P
I
v
I
1
c
A
1
4
(
1
X
X X X
I

I
I

a
1
s
t
_
e
1
X
X X
X
-
z
r

u
r
l
X
P P P
P P
I
P
I
s
l
1
a
D
4
e
D D D D D D
D D
D
D
D D
D D
i
'
s
I
'
I
'
i
1
M
p

r

S
S
,
.
S
.

.
,
d
#
h
§
e
1
5
I
1
c

i

1
i
.
1
i
t
l
I
n

N
N N
N N N N
N N
N
N
N
N
N
2
N
)
.
e

I
X X
r
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X X
e
7
f
1
X
X
X
X
e
X X X X
X
X
X X X
6
r
-
X
X
X
X
X X X
X
X
X
X X
m
X X
X
5
X
X
X
r
e
X X
X X
X X X
X X
X
X X
g
o
4
n
X
a
N
X
X
R
X
X X X
X X X
X X
X
X
3
e
X
X
g
X
A
X X X X
X
X
2
X
X X
X
l
X
4
,
p
X
X
X
B
/
3
5
9 7 9
9
3 7
1
3 3
$
7
9 1
1 1
1
1
.
0 1
8 9 9
0 0
7 9
8
9
7 8
a
6
1
1
1
1
1 1
I
.
f
l
)
)
a
)
s
)
-
o
)
B
P
C
)
e
3
u
a
R
e

S
D
-
s
i
n
c
-
I
n
I
v
t
T
-
t
S
e
S
R
a
P
s
i
i
o
-
s
D
i
n
l
v
m
t
e
L
L
(
(
e
s
e
i
i
S
s

e
u

i
l
b
s
C
s
l

n
T
e
E
P
r
s
)
a
n
S
i
c
r
n
m
e
A
)
o
I )
s
e
f
T
c
o
i
I
(

P
n
T
(

r
I R
e
o
e
r
n
i
S

e
S

m
t

p

-
3
v
a
d
S
h
r
s
r
A
m
o
y
l
o
T
-
(
b

p
x
m
)
'
P
l

a
e
(
e
L
n

o
M
r
6
-
i
i
a
x
d
P
L
E

h
e
h
r
t
a

c
5
e
C
l
l
r
C
t
p
e
i
p
E
e
t
e
o
C
(
l
1
n
a
E

n
r
o

s
l
u
c
e

s

l
m
d
B
5
v
A

o
t
e
a
e
t

f
f
y
a
P
s
c
i
i
c
b
a

r
l
s
r
o
c
g
h
m
v
.
h
e

t
S
i
i
o
o
T
d
r
d

S
e
e
a
t
n
h
S
h
n

i
T c
e
p
e
f
n
E
C
y

e
T
P
c
l
h
( (
o
C
e
p

s

g
R
P
l a

e
f
z y

o
r
e
s
i

.
e
e
m
o

a
1 d
t
n
r
c

o
l
d

n
y
i
r
g
-
a
i
V
f
t
r
r
g
l
a
e
d
1 e
l
o
t
i
t
n
e
m
n
o
P
r
a
o
g
p
a
p
n
t
n
p
n
o
s
m
r
t

-
o
I
a
u

u
e
o
i
o
n

r
e
.
m
a
e
)
i
o
s
e
t

-
t
o
t
a R
p
t
g
v
s
t
o
S
e
t
r
l
e
d
a
m
i

v
i
s
f
o
N
e
e
i
u
o
t
e
d
v
n
n
t e
h
l
l

n
M
e
V
n
s
h
n
a
v
a
u
s
d
i
c
t
p
n
u
R
a
P
e
T
a
c
I
c
n
P
l
i
e
a
c
c
n
I
L

o
A

T
l
B
D
t

i
-
S
e

r
D

d
A
i
i
d
S
I
l
P
y
e e

d
t
e
)
e
t
k

e

-
l
e
P
e
a
r
e
t

y
R
g g
r
f

e

o
t
r
d
S
v
i
)
c
) y y
A
g
o
r
o
n
g
F
h
(
l
r
a a
D
o
b
r
T
-
u
e
n
a

u
n
d d

f

I
a
r
t
o
u u
T
-
l

h
s
s
D
n
h
t

r
e
P
t
o l
i
-
a
o o
u
r
s
f c
r
g g
e
e
a
c
c .
c
n
V
o
P
u
e
o
3
i
n
t
e
V b b
t
g

u
l
C
l
u

n n
s
c
r
s
o
s
n
9
l
q
e
t
A
a
t
a
a
a a

P
n
e
a
r
r
r
o
o
a a a
e
0
i
M
h
c
o
c e
c
t t
e
e e
t

r
e
e
a
T
P
b
L
L L
c
T
M
S
S S
M
S
P
S S i
P
P
S
P P

L
L
l
a
t
S
(
(
(
*
g
5
R
;

I

1
s
t
n
e
m
m
o
C
*
l
a
c
X X
a
X X X
6
X
i
1
I
n
>
t
1
.
a
I
h
D
1
.
c
P
1
X
X X X X X
e
1
I
T
a
I
!
1
X
X
.
X X X X
1
.
i
.
i
t
I
i
2
w
4
l
3
I
4
i
g
1
7
I
1
A

X
I
X
1
i
X
2

)
t
1
%
4
1
)
'
1
X
l
7
d
a
I
.
.
1
I
'
t
n
1
n
e
I
e

-
,
X
u
I
X
4
!
N
Z
m
A
I
_
I

I
c
n
p
D
i
o
/
A
1
i
l
e
I
t
o
I
v
c
n
1
#
I
e
D
'
0
o
4
X X X
L
X
1
I
7
I
1
I
c
.
I
1
#
8
(
A
X
X
a

I
1
1
U
I
s
:
e

1
A
X
Z
r
u
.
Y
r
i
s
i
P
P
I
I
t
l
A
A
P
I
g
!

D D D
D D D
l
8
O
4
I
i
s
I
t
I
C
t
H
a
5

.

4
6
g

r
t
g
§

0
I
r
e
c
I
U
1
i
i
R

,
F
c
g
.

2
q
I
N N N
l
N
F
N N
n

-
.
t
.
Z

e
A
I
r
7
e
f
X
X X X X X
e
6
r
-
X X
X X X
X
m
5
,
r
e
X X X
X X
X
g
o
4
n
a
N
R
X
X X X
X
3
e
g
A
X
X
2
X
I
X
B
1
9
o
7 9
5
1
1
'
:
#
2
1 1
2
2
3
:
4
1
1 1
1
1
1
-
l
t
a
n
u
P
e
s
n
2
e
m
a

l
m
-
a
y
p

c
t
r
o
n
n
)
S
a
i
l
I

e
m
e
e

S
l
.
r
m
a
l
v
b
)
o
P
i
6
n
e
r
a
y
i
p
5
P
P
o
D
v
l
r
i
1
o
a
W
i

a
e
5
d
)
t
l
v
t
h
t
e

s
o
e
D
a
.
n
t
e
d
(
g
e
v
a
m

a

T
E
n
S
B
a
B
e
e

o

e
u
E
f
l
.
D
c
n

o

i
c
o
o
t
e
l
g
n
e
a

O
o
a

o
e
i
v
p
n
e
e
m
s
c
n
m
h
i
F S
g
g
a
n
o
t
r
o
c
a
(
o
p
(
L
a
i
h

S
i
N
s
)
l

f
a
u
t
o 3
n
t
l

e
a
y
n
e
d
y
9
g
i
J
r

c
/
t
l a
e
A
l
-
P
)
n
5
n
u
r
r
k
i
P
m
(
a
a a

a

I

d
c
r
s
2
d
D
E L

E
e
e
p
m
o
f
-
n

)
l

o
o

l
o
D
c
h
D
a
f f
s
f
a
h

d
o o

o
l
h
c
l
e
3
L
e
L
c
u
e
o

c
9
l
t t
t
v
O
y
r
n
a
o
E
O
e
s s
s
i
l
e
s
c
i
e e
e
c
W
W
b
T
F
V
P
D
e
S
T T
T
a
(
(
T
g
)
(
r
e
d
l
d
o
n

f
u
o
o
.

n
t
f
n
o
e
s
e
r
r
p
t
d
m
n

e
l
/
i

s
m
h
e
s
c
m
r
e
e

o
d
s
v
C
s
e
e
a
S
l
y
b

s
e
a
l
h
s
a
d
t
i
9
P
d

n
r

o

i
l
y
a
l
1
f
b
l

e
r
l
-
b
u
r
f
e
e
a
f
e
r
v
e
e
s
e
D
U
C
s
l
a
c
a
I
i
n
q
X X X
t
1
X
7
a
I
h
1
>
D
I
c
1
e
F
'
I
X X
X
X
Z
/
0
T
L
_
t

.
1
X
-
I
X
X
R
n

i
2
s
A
I
i
a
X
I
X X
C
I
A
,
.
v
I
l
.
4
1
*
M
X X
X X
X X
X
i
X
i
1
i
/
v
l
I
1
i
I
l
I
a
f
X X X
X
M
X
:
t
/
I
s
,
n
1
/
r
.
e

1
-
.
m
s
9
X
X X
X
X X X
.
X
a
1
/
i
-
p
s
1
e
I
p
i
o
r
e
A
l
1
e
1
X X X
3
r
v
I
l
11
0
n
e
u

D
1
l
i
0
4
s
X X X X X
X
I
X
1
X
/
a
4
-
1
1
1
e
0
r
1
X X X X
X X X
X
0
X
l
M
i
_
f
1
f
0
X
X X
X X X
X
X X

X
2
d
-

1
l
I
e
4
P
P P P
l
E
1
P
P P P P P P
P P
P
1
c e
I
i
1
n
g
D
D D
T
D 3
1
e
I
1
V
i
r
1
g
e
S S
S
s
u
f
g
E
tt
e
I
6
1
II
1
U
C C C C C C C C C
C
1
r
C
C
C
.

i
-
8
i
.
L
.
z
n
.
i
N
,
.
,
.
Z
, ,
_
o
i
X
X X
X
7
r
e
t
X X
X X X X X
X
6
i
r
C
X X X X X
X
X X X
5
e
X X X
X X X X
X X X X
g
4
n
a
R
X X X
X X X X
X X X
3
e
g
A
X X X X X X X
X
X
X X
2
X X X
X X
X
X X X
X
X
I
X
X X X X
X X X
X X
X
B
1
7
7
7 9 3
9
3
3 9 7
7
9
4
4
i 3
5
1 1
1
1
l
Z
h
2 2 6
7
8
5 5 7
5
1
3 6
4
1
4
4
I
.
)
l
s
n
t
P
a
n
r
n
y
u
o
L
e
e
o
n
r
i
l
l
E
m
a
e
t
i
o
a
-
a
m
r
t
s
H
o
t
t
e
t
l
h
n
s
e
e
y
)
l
a
u
h
n
t
a
(
s
l
S
i
e
l
i
r
B
c
l
c
i

u
f
i
i
r
c

y
k
o
m
e
g
U
f
e
l
o
i
s
C
d

i
c
p
t
l
o
t l
n
e
g
t
l

r
r
i
n
b
p
e
C
n
e

)
t
m
r
r
f
i A
a
o
6
s
a
s
e
h
o
P
P
m
o
e
h
E
i
5
A
l
e
l
)
v
o
c
l
o
m
s
i
r
e

C
1
a
)
P
f
T
e
m
l
r
e
P
n
y
S
t
c
B
h
c
5
e
o
f
a
v
s
o
v
s

A
l

c
I
l
o

n

c
e
c
a
t
t

a
a
n
.
f
g
s
a
A
e
l

n
d
t
n
A
T

n

y
e

t
a
c
L
r
e
s
n
n
n
D
y
n
E
s
n
e

e
g
t
s
(
a t
S
e
s
f

m
o
A
a
i
r
-
e
n
o
e

m
g
m
P

o g
s
n
T
o
E
m
i

.
m
i
p

m
e t
c
A
a
n
e

u
r i
r
t
a

t

p
r
e
p
(
m
r m
t
P
a f
m
s
n
c
e
i
l
e n
o
p
e

o
p
B

o
n
u
o
u
e
d
o
s
e
t
u
g
S
a
r
o
i
p

o
l
s
l
L
c
r
z
l
l
(
v
v
s
e
l
t a
N
,
a
o
e
e
'
l
C
o
a
y
l

s
i
A
p e
s

i
a
n
t t
e
t
v
r
L
v
e
i
y
l
k
S
n n
n
i

r
h
m
r
l
v
I
e
- e
e
L
n
v
a
l
-
u
S
F
e e
e

e
v
r
r
e
D
r
c
n
D
o
e
a
c
C
o
m m

e
a
m

-
B
e
D
e
y
i
e
R
o
S
i
n
i
E
C

t

h
D

t
l
l
v
p p
a

p
r
s k
i
a

a
a

l
r
d
a -

s
o
e
-
t
o
n
l
i
o o
o
a
n
i

a
e m
l
a
a
n
i
i
e
t
l
i
l
t
i
u
n
i
C
h
n
l l
F
l
i
i
E
l
l
a
l
o
z
n
s
o
e
e
l l
e e
l
n
i
e
d
e
.
c
g
a
o
w
i

o
3
i
i
f
M
l

i
v
z
v v
e
t g
v
s
i
d
l
l
a
e e
l
a
o
e
9
r
r
t
e
n
i
o
i
i
e e e
a
h
e
o
c
h a h
a r
i
0
a

r
t
r
M
D
A
D D D G G A
H
O
R
U
S
A
T
b
C
P
B C
C
T T
T
a
g
7
,
1
I
-
s
y
t
n
l
e
n
m
o
m

d
o
e
C
r
i
a
.

m
i

y
l
l
a
u
s
i
V
]
l
a
c
i
n
t
a
I
4
I
!
t
h
I
a
5
I
D
I
c
1

1
'
e
X
g

I
:
'
T
i
4
,
1
/
1
g

s
7
.

u
4
,

1
1
8
5
C
i
1
'
1
§
A

N
1
I
/

X X X
)
P

1
N
)
d
5
1
I

e
l
.
a
1
n

,
u
1
t
1
n
1
,
n
4
e

I
s
s
X
/
m
X X
1
1
a
i
u
1

p
e
t
J
1
o
r
i
n

A
l /
s
i
L
e
1
o
u
1
v
t
i
e
o
c

V
D
i
A
r
X X
(
X
1
/
/

,

i
1
s
1
L
q
/
e
X
.
X
i
U
1
1
r
E

u
A
/
X
X

X
I
1
s
Z
V
a
I
#
0

P
I
A
5
e
1
P
P
i
1
I
-
1
1
H

q
0
,
2
1
'
i

I
1
r
°
1
A

a
s
o
0
"
C
t
,
i

:
,
c
e
U
5
S
f
C
i
1
C
C

n
b
f
1
1
T

o
e
'
"
1

l
c

r
.
e
n
f
7
e
'
r
-
6
n
.
o
X
X
X
5
i
r
e
X
X
e
X
g
4
n
t
a
i
R
X
X
X
r
3
e
C
g
X
A
X
X
2
X
I
X
X
l
X
X
B
§
3
5
?
5
z
2
0
t
9
r
1
1
t
-
n
n
e
t
o
c
m
i
e
t
s
a
j
o
s
c
)
e
6
r
u
5
s
P
d
1
s

E
5
A
n
t

s

.
o

e
d
y
e
g
T
E
l
c
r

e
f
.
n
a
o
c
r
E
e
a

O
e
p
m

m
S
)
y
o
S
a
(
r
t
r

o

N
)
o
A
e
3
f
t
9
d
r
P
n
1
e
i
U
e
5
u
P
(
v
G

(

s
n
m

n

d
m
I
e
i
h
r
e

g
s
o
e
.
3
s
3
a
l
t
f
i
9
l
s
v
t
i
i
0
1
r
n
y
k
e
b
o
U
S
R
S
a
P
g
.
X
d
6
n
u
1
o
f
s
o
t
n
r
e
p
m

/
m
e
o
r
C
e
v
e
S

d
n
i
l
b
-
f
a
r
e
L
D
I
l
I
a

3
c
?
a
1
l
i
1
t
n
I
r
X X
i
X X
a
A
I
X X
h
i
D

a

c
I
g
e
I
t
I
L
X X
I
X X X
T
X
I
X
I
X
s
.

i

,
R
t
g

.
n
6
c
I
X X
X
X X
X
X
.
e
M

1
a
r
4
i

4
a
X
A
3
q
1
v
P
,
.
v
4
o
0

; X X X
.
X X X
X
X
X
a
h
;
v
i
i

t
l
T
a
1
/
i
X
I
X X X
:
t
V
a
n
W
1
j
r
e

1
r
m
a

-
2
i
X
t
-
T
e
X X X
X
1
X X
p
:

i
r
G

o
e
A
S
l
I
a
e

s
-
I
v
1
3
E
i
U
e
-
i

D
6
'
l
/
B
l

I
i

X
X X X X X
1
X
/
X
X

r
i-
i

o
_
p
1
I
X X
X X
0
1
X X
F
1
1
o

Z
d
X X X
X X
X
X
X
.
.
e
0
l
t
I
l
/
7
P P P P P P
p
P
P
i
.
i
4
-

a
.
1
l
.
1
D D

D
I
D
i
d
D
1
t
e
P
1
l
A

t
:
o
.
S S
c

2

g
e
g
t
a
1
I
B
U
i

l
C C C C
C
g
4
1
g o

n
.
.
N
N N
:
N
N N
4
a
C
7
X X
X X

h
,
X
X
X X X
6
X X
X
c
i
h
X
5
X X X
X
C
X X
X
)
W
r
_
e
g
X
X X
X
4
X X X
X
X
n

a
s
R
X
X X
X X X
3
e
X X X
X
e
g
r
A
u
X
X
2
X X X X X X X
s
a
X
X
X
X X X X X
X
I
e
M
X
X X
X X X X
B
X
X
1
I
-
1
7
,
1
1
;
-
3
7
9
3
3 5 7
7 5
3
2
1
6
4
4
2 9 9
0 2
2
1 1
1
)
)
t
l
P
3
a
n
)
u
L
-
S
e
n
S
e
m
E
-
R
t
a
n
n
L
l
)
m
H
a
1
S
p
o
e
P

c
1
o
n
(
m
S
i
(
s
S

t
i
-
l

e

y
(
a
e
e
P
e
s
3

l
c r
l
l
l
s
v
m
i
D

b
a
r
o
u
-
f
e
e
a
a
c

o
i
(
e
d
s
l
e
D
E
v
S
i

r
s
t
)
a
E
1
l
a
P
s

e
A

a
t
v
e

f
1
s
g
t
y h
a
c

c
l
o
e
y
n
g

a
n

e
S
n
T
S
e
e
n

l
a
n
c
i
B
y
r
o

l

a
c

f
t
f
S
g
i
i
a
e
i
r
a
o
n
g
n
f
n
t
o E

g
n
a
e

o
R
.
a
I
i
a
r
e
e
m
t v
a
r
i

r
a
e
m
m
s
n

f
t
o
B
P
u
p
w
i
r
e
u
)
a
o
a
e t
5
t
o
S
r
g

L
(
"
z p
R
N

l
v
o
i

e
s
n
A a
A
a

t
v
n

1
f
e
d
y
t
n
a
d
s
r
a
- n
I
l
P
l
i
L
l
e
e
A
a

r
h
u
e
l
r
U
c
m
P
a
c
i

e
m
e
G

P
l
i
k
E
S

d
i
o
t
(
B
D
p
m
S
l
s

p

n
d
o
l
e
m
o
o
y
i

a

o
'
e r a
i
h
g
l
s
n
l
e
C
a
o
l
a
s
l
e
e
c
a
k
e
l
w
g e
i
f
i
t

y
s
v
t
v
r
v
c
e
i n
s
a
r
e
u
a
n
a
e
e
e
o y
h
o
i i
r
H
B B
D
D U V
D
R
T
S S
P
P
e
r
a