Table Of ContentDOCUMENT RESUME
CE 072 419
ED 399 371
and Vocational
National Profiles in Technical
TITLE
Indonesia.
Education in Asia and the Pacific:
Scientific and Cultural
United Nations Educational,
INSTITUTION
Principal Regional
Organization, Bangkok (Thailand).
Office for Asia and the Pacific.
95
PUB DATE
International Project on
24p.; Product of UNEVOC, the
NOTE
For related
Technical and Vocational Education.
415-429.
documents, see CE 072
Innovation for
Asia-Pacific Centre of Educational
AVAILABLE FROM
Principal Regional 0".--
Development (ACEID), UNESCO
P.O. Box 967, Prakanong
for Asia and the Pacific,
Thailand; Networking and
Post Office, Bangkok 10110,
P.O. Box 7500,
Information Service Unit, CPSC,
NAIA, Pasay City 1300,
Domestic Airport Post Office,
Manila, Philippines.
Descriptive (141)
Reports
PUB TYPE
MFO1 /PCO1 Plus Postage.
EDRS PRICE
Development; Foreign
Educational Change; *Educational
DESCRIPTORS
Descriptions;
Countries; Government Role; Program
Education; Technical
Staff Development; *Teacher
*Vocational
Assistance; Technical Education;
Education; Vocational Schools
*Indonesia
Asia Pacific Region;
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
education (TVE) profile
This technical and vocational
UNESCO member
in a series of profiles of
on Indonesia is one
handy reference on TVE systems,
countries. It is intended to be a
networking.
cooperation, and information
staff development, technical
structure and
lists TVE goals, outlines the
A two-page overview
are
the six areas into which TVE programs
governance, and lists
Engineering; Business and
grouped: Agriculture and Forestry;
and
and Social Works; and Arts
Commerce; Home Technology; Health
follow this overview and describe
Crafts. Nine diagrams and charts
They concern the following:
further the Indonesian TVE system.
Education and Culture; organization
organization of the Ministry of
Education;
of Primary and Secondary
of the Directorate General
Directorate of Technical and
organizational structure of the
of TVE within the Indonesian
Vocational Education (DTVE); summary
the education system; school
education hierarchy; structure of
structure
skills within the DTVE; ladder
ladder, types, and level of
secondary
force pyramid; number of public
of school types and labor
and
student population, 1989-90;
technical and vocational schools and
within curriculum 1984 for
list of clusters and study programs
schools of TVE. (YLB)
******************************************************AAAAA***********
the best that can be made
Reproductions supplied by EDRS are
from the original document.
*
***********************************************************************
NATIONAL PROFILES
IN TECHNICAL
AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
Indonesia
UNEVOC
International Project on Technical and Vocational Education
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS
Office of Educational Research and improvement
MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
E
CENTER (ERIC)
This document has been reproduced as
received from the person or organization
originating it.
-7_,t.t,?;N,
0 Minor changes have been made to improve
reproduction quality.
Points of new or opinions stated in this docu-
ment do not necessarily represent official
10 THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
OERI position or policy.
CS\
NFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."
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Technical and
This volume is one of a series of member country profiles on
Vocational Education of the following member countries:
MALAYSIA
AFGHANISTAN
MYANMAR
AUSTRALIA
NEPAL
BANGLADESH
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN
BHUTAN
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
PHILIPPINES
FIJI
SINGAPORE
INDIA
SRI LANKA
INDONESIA
THAILAND
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
JAPAN
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
© UNESCO 1995
Published by the
UNESCO Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
P.O. Box 967, Prakanong Post Office
Bangkok 10110, Thailand
Printed in Thailand
(i) Asia-Pacific
Copies of this publication are available upon request from
UNESCO Principal
Centre of Educational Innovation for Development (ACEID),
Prakanong Post Office,
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, P.O. Box 967,
Information Service Unit, CPSC,
Bangkok 10110, Thailand, and (ii) Networking and
NAIA, Pasay City 1300, Manila,
P.O. Box 7500, Domestic Airport Post Office,
Philippines.
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword
An Overview
1
Diagrams and Charts
Organization of the Ministry of Education and Culture
3
Organization of the Directorate General of Primary
and Secondary Education (DGPSE)
4
Organizational Structure of the Directorate of
Technical and Vocational Education (DTVE), MECS
5
Summary of Technical and Vocational Education
within the Indonesian Education Hierarchy
6
Structure of Education System
7
School Ladder, Types and Levels of Skills within DTVE
8
Ladder Structure of School Types and Labour Force Pyramid
9
Number of Public Secondary Technical and Vocational
Schools and Student Population (1989-1990)
10
List of Clusters and Study Programmes within Curriculum 1984
for Schools of Technical and Vocational Education
11
5
FOREWORD
Technical and vocational education has always been an important component
The basic objective of this
of UNESCO's consecutive Medium Term Plans.
programme is to support the efforts of Member States to link education systems more
closely to the world of work and to promote the expansion and improvement of
technical and vocational education in the light of changing employment needs.
The Colombo Plan Staff College for Technician Education (CPSC) also
dedicates itself primarily to enhancing the growth and development of the technician
education systems in its member countries which are located in the Asia and Pacific
Its programmes, projects and activities are geared to provide the needed
region.
impetus for the professional development of senior level personnel involved in
technician education development efforts.
UNESCO has launched an International Project on Technical and Vocational
Education (UNEVOC) as of 1992 in co-operation with the Government of Germany,
ILO, FAO, UNDP and NGOs interested in the reform of technical and vocational
education. This project focuses on exchanging information, research and experiences
on policy' and programme issues in technical and vocational through a network of co-
operating institutions.
In a spirit of co-operation between UNESCO and CPSC, under UNEVOC, an
attempt is being made to compile and publish studies on the development of technical
and vocational education in Member States in the form of TVE profiles of 21
countries. It is hoped that this series will serve as a handy reference information on
TVE systems, staff development, technical co-operation and information networking.
These studies have been possible because of the full co-operation to UNESCO PROAP
and CPSC by all concerned in the Member States.
The opinion expressed in this study are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the position of UNESCO and CPSC in this regard. This profile on
Indonesia was prepared by Prof. Lemuel M. Miravalles, Seconded Faculty Member to
CPSC by the Government of Philippines.
Victor Ordonez
C.K. Basu
Director, UNESCO PROAP
Director, CPSC
TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
AN OVERVIEW
The goals of the Indonesian technical and vocational education (TVE) system
are in accordance with the national goals as contained in the National Planning
Guidelines, 1988. These TVE goals are described as follows:
As an educational institution, a senior technical and vocational school
1.
aims to educate its students in order for them to become complete
Indonesian citizens based on Pancasila, encourage self-development and
take responsibility for the growth of the nation.
As a vocational education institution, a senior technical and vocational
2.
school aims to provide skills to students as an initial preparation for the
world of work in accordance with the identified requirements.
Pursuant to the principle of life-long education, a senior technical and
3.
vocational school aims to provide additional skills to enable students to
strengthen their vocational skills and enable them to continue their
studies at a higher level of education.
The Directorate of Technical and Vocational Education (DTVE), a sub-system
of the Directorate General of Primary and Secondary Education within the Ministry
of Education and Culture, is responsible for 'I'VE at the secondary level.
In carrying out its task, the DTVE has the following major functions:
(1)
setting up the policies for technical and vocational education which consist of home
economics, social work, business studies, technical and agricultural studies, and art
and craft; (2) conducting development of TVE; and (3) carrying out the administrative
work of the Directorate.
TVE within the secondary education sector in Indonesia has two main
(1) Junior Technical and Vocational Schools (three years); and (2)
components:
Senior Technical and Vocational Schools (three or four years). Entry pre-requisites
for the Senior Technical and Vocational Schools are successful completion at the
Junior level and an age limit of not more than 19 years of age.
Based on Curriculum of 1984 which has been in place since school year 1985-
1986, the 'I'VE programmes are grouped into six areas as follows:
1
Technical and vocational education: Indonesia
Agriculture and Forestry
1.
Engineering
2.
Business and Commerce
3.
Home Technology
4.
Health and Social Works
5.
Art and Crafts
6.
Each group consists of one or more clusters and one cluster comprises one or
study
more study programmes. At present, there are thirty-nine clusters and 100
study
programmes for the senior secondary technical and vocational level and twelve
programmes for the junior level that can be chosen by each school based on the
conditions of teachers and faculties in the respective schools and the needs of the
region.
The following diagrams and charts describe further the Indonesian TVE
system.
2
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