ERIC ED341934: Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment in the 1990s. Keeping Old Promises, Meeting New Demands. Hearing before the Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families. House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, Second Session (Denve

141 Pages·1992·4.8 MB·English

by  ERIC

DOCUMENT RESUME
CG 024 031
ED 341 934
TIME
Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment in the 1990s.
Keeping Old Promises, Meeting New Demands. Hearing
before the Select Committee on Children, Youth, and
Families. House of Representatives, One Hundred
Second Congress, Second Session (Denver, CO,
September 15, 1991).
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Select
INSTITUTION
Committee on Children, Youth, and Families.
ISBN-0-16-037649-1
REPORT NO
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92
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"Child Abuse; Family Violence; Hearings; "Prevention;
DESCRIPTORS
"Sexual Abuse; Victims of Crime
Congress 102nd; Testimony
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
Testimony on the topic of child abuse prevention and
treatment is presented in this document. After an opening statement
by Representative Patricia Schroeder of Colorado, testimony and
supplemental materials by these persons are included: (1) Marilyn Van
Derbur, motivational lecturer, Denver, Colorado; (2) Barry Bennett,
program manager, innovative treatment programs, division of adult,
child, and family services, Iowa Department of Human Resources, Des
Moines, Iowa; (3) Cresson Ce.rrasco, parent-infant psychotherapist,
community infant project, Mental Health '7:enter of Boulder County,
Boulder, Colorado; (4) David Espinoza, executive director, La Causa
(5) Wade Horn,
Day Care Center, Inc., Milwaukee, Wisconsin;
commissioner, Administrator for Children, Youth, and Families, U.S
Department of Human Services, accompanied by David Lloyd, director,
National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, U.S. Department of Health
(6) Richard D.
and Human Services, Washington, District of Columbia;
Krugman, chairperson, U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect,
(7) Nora (J. Baladerian, licensed psychologist,
Denver, Colorado;
chair, State Task Force on Disability, director, Disability Project
of SPECTRUM Institute; (8) George Batsche, National Association of
(9) David Lloyd,
School Psychologists, Silver Spring, Maryland;
director, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, Department of
Health and Human Services, Washington, District of Columbia;
(10)
Belva Morrison, director, Indian Child Welfare Program/DIHFS, Denver,
Colorado; (11) Steven J. Murphy, director, Hillsdale County, Michigan
Department of Social Services; (12) New Beginnings, Integrated
Services for Children and Families, Sam Diego, California; and (13)
Milan Rewerts, interim director, Colorado State University
cooperative extension child abuse prevention programs. Additional
materials, including a statistical fact sheet on child abuse, from
Representative Schroeder are included. (LLL)
C
CHILD ABUSE PREVETION AND TREATMENT IN
THE 19903 KEEPING OLD PROMISES, MEMO
NEW DEMANDS
C:r)
HEARING
rim(
BEFORE THE
SELECT COMMITTEE ON
A
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CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ONE HUNDRED SECOND CONGRESS
SECOND SLTSION
HEARING HELD IN DENVER, CO, SEPTEMBER 15, 1991
Printed for the use of the
Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families
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1
SELECT COMMITTEE ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES
PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado, Chainvainan
FRANK R. WOLF, Virginia
GEORGE MILLER. California
J. DENNIS HASTERT, Illinois
WILLIAM LEHMAN. Florida
CLYDE C. HOLLOWAY, Louisiana
MATTHEW F. McHUGH, New York
CURT WELDON. Pennsylvania
TED WEISE New York
LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas
BERYL ANTHONY, Ja., Arkansas
JAMES T. WALSH, New York
BARBARA BOXER, California
RONALD K. MACHTLEY, Rhode Island
SANDER ft LEVIN, Michigan
BOB McBWEN, Ohio
J. ROY ROWLAND, Georgia
MICHAEL BILIRAKIS, Florida
GERRY SIKORSKL Minnesota
scow L KLUG. Wiaconsin
ALAN WHEAT, Missouri
RICHARD JOHN SANTORUM, Pennsylvania
MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ. California
DAVE CAMP, Michigan
LANE EVANS, Illinois
FRANK D. RIGGS, California
RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois
BILL BARREN', Nebraska
DAVID E SKAGGS, Colorado
BILL SARPALIUS, Texas
TIM JOHNSON, South Dakota
BARBARA-ROSE COLLINS, Michigan
JOAN KELLY HORN, Missouri
JIM BACCHUS, Florida
DOUGLAS "PETE" PETERSON, Florida
ROBERT E "BUD" CRAMER, JR., Alabama
COSIAMTIM STAFF
Kmiasaux PIZEGATI, Staff Di/factor
Jut KAGAN, Deputy Staff Director
DANIILLS MANION, Minority Staff Director
CAROL M. &arum Minority Deputy Staff Director
11!
3
CONTENTS
Page
Hearing held in Denver, (X), September 15, 1991
1
Statement of
At ler, Marilyn Van Dertor, motivational lecturer, Denver, CO
, innovative treatment programs, divi-
Benmitt,
sion of
services, Iowa Department of Human
Ba:InJt., ciMaillndinraii:r
Resources, Des Moines, IA
62
Carrasco, Cresson, parent-infant
'Psychotherapist, community infant
project, Mental Health Center of Boulder Caunty, Boulder, CO
53
FaTinosta, David, executive director, La Cause Day Care Center, Inc
,
Milwaukee, WI
46
Horn, Wade, Ph.D., commissioner, Administrator fcr Children, Youth,
aM Families, US. Department of Health and Human Services, Wash-
ington, DC, accompanied by: David Lloyd, director, National Center on
Child Abuse and Netejt, U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Washington,
24
Krugman, Richard D. M.D., Chairperson, U.S. Advisory Board on Child
Abuse and Neglect, benver, CO
32
Prepared statements, letters supplemental materials, et cetera:
Atler, Marilyn Van Derbur, motivational lecturer, Denver, CO
12
Baladerian, Nora J., Ph.D., licensed Psychologist, chair, State Task Force
on Disability, director, Disability Pr:1Oct of SPECTRUM Institute, en-
closing letter to Chairwoman Patricia Schroeder, dated Sept. 24, 1991
124
Batache, George, Ed.D., NCSP, National Association of School Psycholo-
gists, Silver Spring, MD, prepared statement of
126
Bennett, Barry, program manager, innovative treatment programs, divi-
sion of adult, chi d, and family services, Iowa Department of Human
Services, Des Moines, IA, prepared statement of
65
psychotherapist, community infant
Carrasco, Cresson,
parent-infant
prct, Mental Health Center of Boulder County, Boulder, co:
Prepared statement of
56
The CIP Program
77
Espinoza, David, executive director of La Cause Day Care Center, Inc ,
Milwaukee, WI, prepared statement of
49
Horn, Wade P., Ph.D., commissioner, Administration on Children, Youth,
and Families, Washington, DC:
Prepared statement of
27
Response of Wade Horn, Ph.D., to questions posed by chairwoman
Patricia Schroeder
Krugman, Richard D., M.D., chairperson, U.S. Advisory Board on Child
Abuse and Neglect, Denver, CO, prepared statement of
35
Lloyd, David, director, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect
Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, submit-
tine response to questions posed by Chairwoman Patricia Schroeder
104
Momson, Belva, WM, director, Indian Child Welfare Program MIHFS,
Denver, CO, prepared statement of
121
Murphy, Steven J., director, Hillsdale County (MD Department of Social
Services, and president of the National Association of Public Child
Welfare Administrators, an affiliate of the American Public Welfare
Association, Washington, DC, prepared statement of
117
New Beginnings, Integrated Services for Children and Families, San
Diego, CA, prepared statement of
107
Rewerts, Milan, interim director, regarding Colorado State University
cooperative extension's child-abuse prevention programs, written com-
ments of
132
IV
Page
materials, et ceteraContinued
Prepared statements, letters
State of
tative in Congress from the
Schroeder, Hon. Patricia, a
and
lect Committee on Children, Youth,
Colorado, and Chairwoman,
Familiew
Old
Treatment in the 1990s: Keeping
"Child Abuse Prevention and
4
fact sheet)
Promises, Meeting New Demands" (a
9, 1991, requesting answers to
Letter to David Lloyd, dated, October
103
questions
dated, October 9, 1991, requesting
Letter to Hon. Wade Horn, Ph.D.,
77
answers to questions
2
Opening statement of
CHILD ABUSE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
IN THE 1990s: KEEPING OLD PROMISES, MEET-
ING NEW DEMANDS
SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1991
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
SELECT COMMFrFEE ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIFS,
Washington. DC.
The select committee met, pursuant to notice, at 3:30
p.m., in the
Grand Ballroom. Colorado Convention Center, Denver, CO.
Members present: Representatives Schroeder and Cramer.
Staff present: Karabelle Pizzigati, staff director; Jill Kagan,
deputy staff director; Julie Shroyer, professional staff; and Danielle
Madison, minority staff director.
Chairwoman SCHROEDER. If we can bring the hall to order,
we
would like to convene the meeting of Children. Youth, and Fami-
lies here today.
I must tell you how very delighted I
am to be here in Denver at
the Ninth Annual Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect. It is
so
important, that when I first got elected 20
years ago, child abuse
was one of the very first fields I gave my attention to, because of
Dr. Kempe, the American Humane Association, all the wonderful
people here in Denver, and
everyone else who have been fbcusing
on these issues.
Here we are almost 20 years later, and
we have done a fairly
good job of keeping numbers of how
many children have been
abused, but we have not done
a very good job of really beginning to
solve the problem.
So. this is historic. We wanted to bring the Select Committee
on
Children. Youth, and Families to you to accept the U.S. Advisory
Board on Child Abuse and Neglect's report that is coming to
us.
and, I am very, very pleased that
we could be here.
I am also very Pleased to have
my distinguished colleague from
Alabama. Bud Cramer, here. He was on the front line before he got
elected and was one of' the very few Members of Congress who
came to Congress and wanted to be on Children. Youth, and Fami-
lies. There are just a few of us who really want to get into these
issues. Children, 'Youth. and Families are not power issues.
I think all of you know the statistics, how
we really had lOO per-
cent increase in cases since 1980. There has been a rise in deaths
that has been very, very distressing. The Federal Government has
tended to look at how we just take children out of homes and put
them in foster care. That did not
seem to be a real solution either.
As I said last night. I think part of the problem is we just do not
2
culture,
fact that this is still a part of our
want to deal with the
who
because you often find the people
and we must deal with it,
abusers, and we must break that
have been abused then become
cycle.
And we like to think of ourselves
No one wants to be an abuser.
for our
who nurture, who write poetry, who care
as human beings
the
who are a very unique species on
young, who tend crops,
violation of children is just
planet, and dealing with this kind of
deal with; we want to deny it.
not something we want to
to be here. Thank you
So thank you for all having the courage
day
do in the vineyard, out there
for doing all the work that you
yield now to my distinguished
after day after day, and 1 want to
colleague from Alabama.
statement in the record, because
1 am going to put the rest of my
already know.
it contains all the statistics you
Schroeder follows:1
(Opening statement of Hon. Patricia
SCHROEDER. A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS
OPENING STATEMENT OP HON. PATRICIA
COMMITTEE ON CHIL-
AND CHAIRWOMAN. SELECT
OF COLORADO
FROM THE STATE
DREN. YOUTH, AND FAMILIES
how
Denver and with you today to discuss
I am delighted to be here at home in
welfare.
the crisis in child protection and child
we can meaningfully tackle
issues. The Child Abuse Prevention
I have long been deeply concerned about these
I introduced when I came to Congretsi
and Treatment Act was one of the firat bills
the
encouraged by the increased attention to
nearly 20 years ago. While I have been
distressed by the conditions facing in-
plight of abused ana neglected children. I am
today.
creasing numbers of children in the nation
children who are abused and neglected
We know all too well about the millions of
and child welfare systems to respond.
each year. and the failures of child protection
chil-
forward and do a better job for our
This hearing focuses on how we can move
dren and our country.
an
hold this hearing in the midst of
I am especially gratified that we are able to
preventing abuse. Our witnesses, drawn
or you who have dedicated your lives to
insights on
workers, will share their valuable
from this sea of experts and front-line
how to solve this devastating problem.
well
who joins me here, knows the issue
My colleague, Congressman Bud Cramer,
others
and helped his community and
because he has been on the frontline, too,
Welcome to
children and their families.
greatly improve their responses to abused
Denver and thanks.
and its
Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974.
With passage of the Child Abuse
would have assumed that the
successive amendments and reauthorizations, one
today would have greatly improved.
status of abused and neglected children
remained severely limited. In
Unfortunately, resources for the program have
of child abuse and neglect. a 31%
1990. there were more than 2.5 million reports
According to the National Committee
increase since 1985 and over 100% since 19140.
than 1,200 child abuse deaths
for the Prevention of Child Abuse, there were more
Colorado.
since 1985. In my own state of
last yeara 38% increase in fatalities just
1990.
there were 255 child abuse deaths from 1985 to
increasing unemployment and pover-
Recent economic downturn and uncertainty,
child abuse
and pervasive drug abuse are fueling the
ty rates, and more widespread
the
million children fell into poverty, and
crisis. During the 1980s. more than three
Ameri-
further economic stress among many more
current recession will only incite
abuse.
often the most potent precursor to
can familiesstress that is
prevent the abuse before it occurs.
Now more than ever, families need support to
that
directed toward prevention activities
Now more than ever, resources must be
stem the child abuse crisis.
and
investigations of troubled children
The Select Committee's past and ongoing
Over
in children and family services.
their families also point to needed changes
crisis, and
and families and agencies in
and over again, witnesses describe children
fatali-
Between 25% and 50% of all child abuse
service systems that can't keep up.
the local child protection agency.
ties occur in families that are known to
3
Federal oversight and funding remain weak to nonexistent. Few resources and in-
tegnited strategies exist to meet the increasingly complex needs of children. The re-
ality is that most of the services which do exist are uncoordinated, inefficient; and
ultimately ineffective. We need to address these inadequacies to better protect our
nation's children and families.
This afternoon, we will hear from our witnesses about the role of the Federal Gov-
ernment in response to the national child abuse and neglect emergency, the impor-
tance and success of effective prevention and treatment programs, such as home vis-
itor programs and crisis nurseries, and how one state's initiative has reformed serv-
ice systems and secured better outcomes for families and children.
I wish to extend a special welcome to a member of our community, Marilyn Van
Derbur At ler. I can't overstate her courage and contribution to lifting the veil of
secrecy about child abuse.
I would also like to extend a warm greeting to another well-respected member of
our community and the Director of our very own C. Henry Kempe National Center
for the Prevention and Treatment of Child Abuse and Neglect, Dr. Richard Krug-
man. Dr. Krugman has served as Chairman of the U.S. Advisory Board on Child
Abuse and Neglect for the past two years and will officially release the Advisoiy
Board's second report and share its highlight&
I welcome all of our witnesses today and would like to say for the record how
pleased we are to hold our hearing in conjunction with the Ninth Annual Confer-
ence on Child Abuse and Neglect. Our special appreciation to the American
Humane Association and the C. Henry Kempe National Center for arranging for us
to be here I look forward to a very stimulating hearing that will help us act on old
promises and meet the new demands in child abuse prevention and treatment in the
199tls.
Thank you all for coming.
4
THE I990s:
AND TREATMENT IN
*CHILD ABUSE PREVENTION
MEETING NEW DEMANDS°
KEEPING OLD PROMISES,
FACT SHEET
YEAR
CHILDREN ABUSED EACH
MILLIONS OF YOUNG
child abuse, an
2.5 million reports of
In 1990, there were more than
100% since 1980.
30% since 1985 and
increase of more than
(NCPCAl,
Prevention of Child Abuse
(National Committee for
1991)
rates
and neglect substantiation
Estimates of national child abuse
700,000 substantiated
In 1987, there were
vary from 35% to 53%.
(American
1980!
than 400,000 cases in
cases, up from more
Children, 1991)
Association for Protecting
27% of
maltreatment indicated that
A 1990 state survey of child
46% to neglect,
to physical abuse,
reported abuse cases were due
or other
13% to emotional maltreatment
15% to sexual abuse, and
(NCPCA, 1991)
(abandonment and dependency).
of the victims
average of 95%
In 26 of the responding states, an
took
than 2% of reported abuse cases
knew their perpetrators. Less
(NCPCA, 1991)
child care setting.
place in a foster care or
VERY
CLAIMS PIE LIVES OF
CHILD MOSE INCRFASINGLY
YOUNG CHILDREN
from abuse
children from 39 states died
In 1990, an estimated 1,211
1985. Almost 90% of
increase nationwide since
or neglect, a 38%
under age 5;
of abuse or neglect were
children who died as a result
(NCPCA, 1991)
53% were infants under age one.
death in the Western world
is
Homicide as a cause of children's
homicide is the
phenomenon. In the U.S.,
almost uniquely a U.S.
Among boys
injury before age one.
leading cause of death from
100,000 children) is
homicide rate (2.6 deaths per
ages 1 to 4, the
Europe (1.2 in Belgium).
the highest rate in
more than twice
(Miller, 1991)
child
degree of certainty that a
I 'Substantiated case' implies a
intervention
that some level of
involved is at-risk and, in many states,
behalf.
is warranted in the child's
5
COLORADO CHILDREN SUFFER IJIGH RATES OF ABUSE
In 1989, there were 7,224 confirmed victims of child abuse and
neglect in Colorado, a decrease of 4% from the previous year.
Between 1987 and 1988, however, child abuse reports increased 24%.
Of confirmed reports, 36% were due to physical abuse, 37% to
neglect, and 27% to sexual abuse. From 1985 to 1990, there were
(Colorado Police Academy Team on
255 child abuse fatalities.
Families and Children at Risk [CPATI, October, 1990)
In 1989, of the 11,342 children and adolescents served by Colorado's
public mental health system, 69% had been physically abused and
49% had been sexually abused. (CPAT, 1990)
LIMITM
SYSTEMS
PREVENTIOri RESOURCES.
WITH
OVERWHELMED: OUT-OF-HOME PI4CEMENTS SOAR
From the start of 1986 to the end of 1991, there was a 49%
increase in out-of-home placements, from 273,000 to 407,000.2 In
1988. minority childrea constituted 46% of those placed out-of-
home. (American Public Welfare Association, 1991)
Between 25% and 50% of all child abuse fatalities occur in families
that are known to the local child protection agency.
(Martinez,
1986)
Federal funding for foster care increased almost 600% between 1981
and 1991, while funds for prevention rose only 78%. (Department
of Health and Human Services, 1991)
In 1990, nearly six out of ten states experienced a decrease or no
change in funding for child protection services. (NCPCA, 1991)
DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE FUEL THE CHILD ABUSE CRISIS
In a 50-state survey of child services personnel, 55% of the
respondents stated that substance abuse was a primary cause for the
increase in child abuse. (NCPCA, 1991)
a According to a 1990 Pennsylvania study of parents who neglected
their children, 30% stated that someone in their home had a drug
2 Out-of-home placements include family foster care, group
homes, child care facilities, and emergency shelter care.
1 0