Table Of ContentLam_VOL1_final 16-11-2004 11:59 Pagina 1
Edited by
Lee
& Environmental Hydraulics and
In the sustainable development of our water resources, Lam Sustainable Water Management
hydraulic engineers are often called upon to solve water
environment problems. These include the impact of
large scale reclamation, eutrophication and harmful
algal blooms, enhancement of water quality by de-stra- V S E Volume 1:
tification, design ofsea outfalls and power plant cooling olu us nv Environmental Hydraulics
water systems, and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. m ta ir
e i o
1 n n
Volume 1of‘Environmental Hydraulics and Sustainable : E ab m
n l e
Water Management’ contains a collection of keynote v e n
and invited lectures, together with contributions selec- iro W ta
ted for presentation at the 4th International n a l
m t H
e
Symposium on Environmental Hydraulics. A rich body e r y
n
d
ofthe latest advances in turbulent transport and mixing ta M r
processes, stratified flow, hydrodynamic and water qua- l H an au
lity modeling can be found herein – along with examples y a li
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of novel concepts for studying complex eco-hydraulic ra e s
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prersoebalercmhs .a cTthivei tcyo lolenc teinovni roofnpmaepnetras lr hefyldercatsu ltihces, vaisb rwaenltl lics en nd
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as the complementary role ofnumerical modeling, expe-
rimental and field studies for the solution of practical
engineering problems. Edited by J.H.W. Lee & K.M. Lam
Both volumes of ‘Environmental Hydraulics and
Sustainable Water Management’ are of special interest
to engineers, academics and researchers in the fields of
hydraulics and water environment, earth scientists,
1
geographers, and planners.
Balkema
ENVIRONMENTALHYDRAULICSAND
SUSTAINABLEWATERMANAGEMENT
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PROCEEDINGSOFTHE4THINTERNATIONALSYMPOSIUMONENVIRONMENTAL
HYDRAULICSANDTHE14THCONGRESSOFASIAANDPACIFICDIVISION,
INTERNATIONALASSOCIATIONOFHYDRAULICENGINEERINGANDRESEARCH,
15–18DECEMBER2004,HONGKONG
Environmental Hydraulics
Editedby
J.H.W. Lee
TheUniversityofHongKong,China
K.M. Lam
TheUniversityofHongKong,China
Volume 1
A.A.BALKEMAPUBLISHERS LEIDEN/LONDON/NEWYORK/PHILADELPHIA/SINGAPORE
Taylor & Francis
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EnvironmentalHydraulicsandSustainableWaterManagement–Lee&Lam(eds)
©2005Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN0415365465
Table of Contents
Editors’foreword XXV
Chairman’smessage XXVII
Organisation XXIX
Volume I
Keynote lectures
Artificialintelligencetechniquesinenvironmentalhydrodynamics:Theroleofexpert
knowledge 3
A.E.Mynett,Q.N.Chen&V.M.Babovic
Hydraulicphenomenainurbanatmosphericenvironmentsandtheirrolein
contaminantdispersion 15
H.J.S.Fernando
Invited lectures
Exchangeflowsandestuarinebarriers 27
P.A.Davies&A.J.S.Cuthbertson
Theinterfacesmoothnesscriteriaanditsapplicationfortwolayerflowfroma
circularweir 35
I.R.Wood
Waterqualitymanagementofriverandestuarinewaters 45
R.A.Falconer&B.Lin
Fateandtransportmodelingvs.models:amanagementperspective 57
W.S.Lung
InternalwavesinMontereyBay:AnapplicationofSUNTANS 67
O.B.Fringer,M.Gerritsen&R.L.Street
EnvironmentalandecologicalimpactsoftheThreeGorgesProjectontheYangtzeRiver 77
Z.Y.Wang
Resolvingenvironmentalhydraulicscomplexity,linkingtheory,practiceand
conceptualideas 87
K.Cederwall
1 Mixing and transport
1.1 Mixingandtransport–I
Predictionofturbulentflowstructureincompoundchannelwithroughenedfloodplain
usingLargeEddySimulation 99
M.Ifuku&K.Shiono
V
Afieldstudyofextremelyrough,three-dimensionalriverflow 107
M.J.Franca&U.Lemmin
Influenceofvariablemorphologicalconditionsonthemasstransportcharacteristics
inrivers 113
V.Weitbrecht&G.H.Jirka
Longitudinalvorticesinawateroffinitedepthintheabsenceofwind 121
Z.Huang&C.C.Mei
1.2 Mixingandtransport–II
Fieldtestsontransversemixinginnaturalstreams 129
I.W.Seo,K.O.Baek&T.M.Jeon
Effectsofvariablerivergeometryonlongitudinaldispersion 137
M.Jamali&G.A.Lawrence
Verticalturbulentmixingintidalestuary 143
Y.Du&J.Chu
Experimentalscaleeffectofpollutantdiffusion/dispersioninrivers 151
L.Luo,M.J.Wang&Y.L.Jiang
Traceexperimentalstudyondiffusioncoefficientsatheavysediment-carryingreachof
YellowRiver 159
G.H.Hu&X.Q.Xiao
Advectionanddispersionofsubstancedischargedbyintermittentpointsourceinrivers 167
Z.H.Wu&H.T.Qiao
1.3 Gastransfer
Modelingwind-drivengas-transferinalake 177
C.Gualtieri
Experimentalstudyonair-waterinterfacialturbulenthydrodynamicsandgastransferin
wind-inducedopenchannelflows 185
K.Yoshida&I.Nezu
Estimationofthetransfervelocityofcarbondioxideatthesurfaceofwindwaves 193
H.Tsumori,Y.Sugihara&A.Masuda
Surface-renewaleddiesattheair-waterinterfaceinoscillating-gridturbulence 199
Y.Sugihara&H.Tsumori
Numericalsimulationoftwo-phaseflowinaerationtank 207
J.Mao,Y.Chen&D.Wang
StudyonnumericalsimulationforruptureofbubbleatwatersurfacebyLevelSetmethod 215
K.Asai&K.Tsubogo
2 Stratified flow
2.1 Stratifiedflow–I
Thedynamicbehaviorofthebenthicboundarylayerinathermallystratifiedlake 225
C.L.Marti&J.Imberger
VI
Formationandexpansionofadouble-diffusivestaircaseinLakeNyos,Cameroon 233
M.Schmid&A.Wüest
TurbiditycurrentsinanAlpinepumped-storagereservoir 239
J.Bühler,C.Siegenthaler&A.Wüest
Interfacialwavesinexchangeflowsoverasill 245
H.Fouli&D.Z.Zhu
Experimentsonthestabilityanalysisofthermallystratifiedshearflowsin
weaklycurvedopenchannel 251
K.Chu,Z.Hua&H.Wang
k-εmodelingofverticalmasstransportinturbulentstratifiedopen-channelflow 257
C.Reiher&Y.Niño
Q2DturbulencebyRayleigh-Taylorinstabilities 263
X.Li&V.H.Chu
Numericalsimulationsandlinearstabilityanalysisoftransientbuoyancy-induced
flowinatwo-dimensionalenclosure 269
C.F.Ihle,Y.Niño&R.L.Frederick
2.2 Stratifiedflow–II
Alarge,verticallydistortedhydraulicmodelofoutflowwithdrawalfroma
thermallystratifiedreservoir 277
R.Ettema,M.Muste,A.J.Odgaard&O.Abaci
Useofphysicalmodeland3Dnumericalmodelstodesignaselectivewithdrawalintake 283
P.J.Ryan,F.A.Locher&S.Tu
Applicationofsigmacoordinateoceanmodeltostronglystratifiedestuarywithsteep
bottomslopes 289
M.Irie,K.Nakatsuji&S.Nishida
Enhancementofmixingprocessesinsemi-deepcoastalchannelsbyabathymetrychange 297
N.Ravlic
Numericalpredictionofincompressibletwo-fluidsystemanditsapplicationto
stratifiedflowswithwaterandsilicone-oil 303
K.Yoshida,S.Ushijima&I.Nezu
Numericalstudyofaturbulentoilslick 311
G.Q.Chen,L.Z.Zhang&J.H.W.Lee
3 Jets and plumes
3.1 Jetsandplumes–I
Non-dimensionalscalingofturbulentjetsinconfinedspaces 319
P.Rinaldi&F.Valentin
Furtherinvestigationsonjetspreadinginoscillatinggridturbulence 325
A.W.K.Law&D.W.F.Ho
Experimentalstudyontandembuoyantjetsincrossflow 331
D.Yu,J.H.W.Lee&C.W.Li
VII
Lightattenuationdatafromweaklyandstronglyadvecteddischarges 337
G.Kikkert,M.J.Davidson&R.I.Nokes
Integralmodelpredictionandlaserinducedfluorescencemeasurementofround
buoyantjetincounterflow 343
W.Y.Lee,K.M.Lam&C.H.C.Chan
Observationontheverticalupwarddischargeofdenseliquidintothestagnant
stratifiedambientwater 351
B.S.Shiau&B.J.Tsai
Spreadingandmixingcharacteristicsofaroundjetinco-flow 357
H.Tang,Y.Xiao&M.Hua
3.2 Jetsandplumes–II
LESof2Dand3Dverticaljetsimpingingonfreesurfaces 367
Y.P.Chen,C.W.Li&C.K.Zhang
Similarityanalysesonflappingturbulentplanejets 375
J.Sun&C.T.Hsu
Studyonthebehaviorofjetsdischargedverticallydownwardinflowingenvironment 381
W.X.Huai&Z.H.Yang
LaserDopplervelocimetrymeasurementsonaduckbillvalvejetinaco-flow 387
H.W.Tang,J.H.W.Lee,Zh.Gao&Y.Xiao
Thecharacteristicsofflowandconcentrationfieldsnearbankoutfall 393
X.Huang
3.3 Bubbleplumes/jets
Entrainmentandmixingpropertiesofasimplebubbleplume 403
C.Bergmann,D.G.Seol,T.Bhaumik&S.A.Socolofsky
Interactionbetweenabubbleplumeandthenearfieldinastratifiedlake 411
D.F.McGinnis,J.C.Little,A.Lorke,A.Wüest&A.Stöckli
3DPTVmeasurementofbubblejetinwater 417
J.Funaki,Y.Yokoyama&K.Hirata
UpwardfluxofmethaneintheBlackSea:Doesitreachtheatmosphere? 423
D.F.McGinnis,A.Wüest,C.J.Schubert,L.Klauser,A.Lorke&R.Kipfer
Theuseofmechanicalmixerstoimprovecirculationandmixingoflargebodiesofwater 431
K.H.M.Ali&L.S.Tong
Productionofefficientbubbleplumesfordestratification:Theoryandexperiment 439
N.V.M.Odd,J.G.Rodger&C.B.Waters
3.4 Outfalldischarge
Near-andfar-fieldmodelcouplingmethodologyforwastewaterdischarges 447
T.Bleninger&G.H.Jirka
Mixingandentrainmentintidalimpoundments 455
K.H.M.Ali,M.Diamanti&G.Papapostolou
VIII
2-Dnumericalsimulationofsalineintrusioninmarinesewageoutfalls 461
W.Wu,J.Xia&Z.M.Yan
Probabilisticmodelingofproducedwateroutfall 467
H.Niu,T.Husain,B.Veitch&N.Bose
Formulasfordilutionpredictionofinclinedbuoyantjetsinstagnantwater 473
Z.R.Guo
4 Hydrodynamic modelling
4.1 Hydrodynamicmodels–I
3DLESontheformationmechanismofLangmuircirculations 481
K.Uzaki&N.Matsunaga
Semi-implicitsigma-coordinatehydrodynamicmodel 489
W.C.Pang&P.Tkalich
Effectsofcore-regionvorticesonnear-wallvorticesgeneratedbysteadyincoming
flowspastawall-mountedlongcircularcylinder 495
M.K.Kwan,C.T.Hsu&R.R.Hwang
FinitedifferenceTVDschemeformodelingtwo-dimensionaladvection-dispersion 503
Y.Guan&D.Zhang
Studyofislandwakesinshallowwaters 511
F.C.Chan&M.S.Ghidaoui
k-εturbulentmodelingoftidalboreinanidealizedestuary 517
L.F.Lu,S.W.Li&Z.Shi
Numericalsimulationofparticle-ladengaswakeflowbyvortexmethod 525
H.Yagami&T.Uchiyama
4.2 Hydrodynamicmodels–II
HydrodynamiccharacteristicsofthenewAthens2004OlympicRowingCenter 535
G.Christodoulou,I.Papakonstantis,A.Stamou,A.Andreadakis,
K.Noutsopoulos&E.Romas
Stabilityofdumpedsedimentonsandbanksduetotidalcurrentsoffthe
EastAngliacoast,UK 541
C.P.Kuang,P.K.Stansby,D.R.Laurence&B.E.Launder
Reservoircirculationmodelingwithanalyticalnon-uniformwindboundaryconditions 549
S.Rubbert,C.Reuter&J.Köngeter
Numericalanalysisofflowsincircularandsquarestonesembeddedfishways 557
S.Chhatkuli&M.Fujihara
OnthetimescaleofseawaterexchangeinAriakeSea 563
K.Asai&H.Sato
Numericalsimulationontheresearchofcoolingwaterengineeringoffireplantconsidering
theenvironmentalprotectionundertheimpactionofcoastalartificiallandengineering 571
Z.Li,Q.Zhu,S.Zhang&R.Zhao
IX
