Environmental Compliance Guide for Facility Managers and Engineers

395 Pages·2022·14.285 MB·English

by  Rengasamy Kasinathan

Environmental Compliance
Guide for Facility
Managers and Engineers
A practical guide for facility engineers and managers to understand the
impact of environmental regulations when applied to operating equipment
in any industry or facility. It lays out a clear road map on how to learn the
essential steps and how to use the proper tools. Based on the author’s 39-year
experience, this concise material discusses real-life applications and case
studies adopted and implemented successfully in many NYC facilities and
appropriate for large cities. It will help facility engineers comply with various
rules and regulations of the jurisdictions of EPA, state, city, and local agencies
and properly itemize reporting requirements.
Features include:
• Guides facility engineers and managers with a clear and logical
exposition of topics, developments, and valuable regulatory
frameworks for appropriate preparation and compliance
• Provides detailed explanations of procedures for emission reduction
and improved efficiency and productivity
• Emphasizes the importance of continuing education in compliance
to prevent high penalties for facilities
• Includes real-life applications and case studies on reducing energy
baseline and current operating methods, providing formulas and
calculations
• Addresses regulatory knowledge for operating systems in cities with
a dense population in the US and countries with similar regulatory
frameworks
This book will benefit professionals, engineers, facility and project managers,
building and grounds supervisors, code compliance managers, and heating,
ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) systems contractors and installers in
hospitals, universities, schools, and other facilities.

Environmental Compliance
Guide for Facility
Managers and Engineers
Rengasamy Kasinathan
First edition published 2023
by CRC Press
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
and by CRC Press
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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ISBN: 9780367755164 (hbk)
ISBN: 9780367755188 (pbk)
ISBN: 9781003162797 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003162797
Typeset in Palatino
by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India
To my late parents (Mr. Rengasamy and Mrs. Thengani),
wife (Dr. Sumathi Kasinathan), daughter (Dr. Sushma Kasinathan),
and son (Shriram Kasinathan)

Contents
Contents
Contents
Foreword .............................................................................................................xvii
Preface ...................................................................................................................xix
About the Author ..............................................................................................xxiii
1. Environmental Regulations and Jurisdictions .........................................1
Introduction ......................................................................................................1
Environmental Impacts of Pollution .............................................................1
Human Health Impacts of Pollution .............................................................2
Air Pollution.................................................................................................2
Air Pollutants of Human Health Concern ..........................................2
Water Pollution ............................................................................................5
Water Contamination Sources ..............................................................5
Contaminated Soil ......................................................................................6
Soil Pollutants of Human Health Concern .........................................7
Lack of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene ...................................................8
Economic Impacts of Pollution ......................................................................9
Environmental Awareness and the Need for Regulations ......................10
Major Disasters ..........................................................................................10
Dust Bowl of 1935 .................................................................................10
Great Smog of London 1952 ................................................................11
Bhopal Disaster .....................................................................................11
BP Oil Spill ............................................................................................12
History of Environmental Regulations in the U.S. ...................................13
Innovation and Pollution Control Technology ..........................................15
Conclusion ......................................................................................................17
Chapter 1 Review Questions ........................................................................18
Bibliography ....................................................................................................19
2. Agencies and Their Regulations as Applicable to Facilities ...............25
Introduction ....................................................................................................25
Federal Regulatory Agencies .......................................................................25
State Regulatory Agencies ............................................................................26
Local Regulatory Agencies ...........................................................................26
Air ....................................................................................................................27
Federal ........................................................................................................27
State .............................................................................................................28
Local ............................................................................................................29
Water ................................................................................................................29
Federal ........................................................................................................29
State .............................................................................................................30
Local ............................................................................................................30
vii
viii Contents
Waste ................................................................................................................30
Federal ........................................................................................................30
State .............................................................................................................31
Local ............................................................................................................31
Asbestos ..........................................................................................................31
Federal ........................................................................................................31
State .............................................................................................................32
Local ............................................................................................................32
Lead ..................................................................................................................33
Federal ........................................................................................................33
State .............................................................................................................33
Local ............................................................................................................33
Oil .....................................................................................................................34
Federal ........................................................................................................34
State .............................................................................................................34
Energy Assessments and Reduction Strategies .........................................35
Conclusion ......................................................................................................36
Chapter 2 Review Questions ........................................................................38
Bibliography ....................................................................................................39
3. Facilities and Operating Sources ...............................................................41
Introduction ....................................................................................................41
Boilers ..............................................................................................................42
Boiler Principle and Design .....................................................................43
Capacity ......................................................................................................44
Efficiency ....................................................................................................45
Boilers in a Facility Setting ......................................................................46
Required Building Code Compliance in New York City ....................46
Pollution Control Regulations for Boilers in New York City ..............47
Emergency Backup Power and On-Site Generators ..................................48
Capacity ......................................................................................................49
Emergency Generators and Code Compliance .....................................49
Pollution Control Regulations for Emergency Generators .................50
Air Handling Units ........................................................................................51
Capacity ......................................................................................................52
Efficiency ....................................................................................................52
Air Handling Units and Code Compliance ..........................................53
Air Pollution and AHUs ..........................................................................53
Cooling Towers...............................................................................................54
Benefits ........................................................................................................55
Cooling Tower Regulations .....................................................................55
Chillers ............................................................................................................56
Capacity ......................................................................................................58
Chillers and Code Compliance ...............................................................58
Air Pollution Control and Chillers .........................................................58
Contents ix
Combined Heat and Power ..........................................................................59
Backflow Prevention Devices .......................................................................60
Compliance Requirements ......................................................................61
Additional Compliance Items ......................................................................61
Façade Inspections ....................................................................................61
Elevator Regulations .................................................................................62
Place of Assembly Permits .......................................................................62
Conclusion ......................................................................................................62
Chapter 3 Review Questions ........................................................................63
Bibliography ....................................................................................................65
4. Permitting, Estimations of Pollutions, Testing, Monitoring,
Recordkeeping, and Reporting .................................................................69
Introduction ....................................................................................................69
Air Permitting ................................................................................................69
Identifying Emissions Sources ................................................................70
Preparing Facility-wide Emissions Inventory ......................................70
Permit Applications Based on the NO and HAPs Emissions ............80
x
Review of Permit Limits and Compliance Determination .................82
Maintenance and Recordkeeping ...........................................................83
Water Discharge Permitting .........................................................................85
Identify Pollution Sources and Applicable Permits .............................85
Apply for an SPDES Permit .....................................................................86
Application Review ...................................................................................86
Compliance with Permit Conditions ......................................................87
Enforcement of Permit Conditions .........................................................87
Permit Renewals and Modification ........................................................87
Waste Storage and Disposal Permitting .....................................................89
Determining Permit Requirement ..........................................................90
Pre-application Meeting ...........................................................................90
Permit Application ....................................................................................90
Permit Review ...........................................................................................90
Compliance with Permit Conditions ......................................................91
Permit Renewals and Modifications ......................................................91
NYSDEC Hazardous Waste Annual Report .........................................91
Waste Transport .............................................................................................92
Applying for a Permit ...............................................................................92
Permit Compliance ...................................................................................93
Permit Renewals and Modifications ......................................................94
Building and Construction ...........................................................................94
Planning the Permitting Process ............................................................95
Filing an NYCDOB Application ..............................................................95
NYCDOB Application Review ................................................................96
Pulling Permits ..........................................................................................97
Special Inspections ...................................................................................97