Environment Exposure to Pollutants

88 Pages·2015·1.53 MB·English

by  Mieczyslaw Pokorski (eds.)

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 834
Neuroscience and Respiration
Mieczyslaw Pokorski Editor
Environment
Exposure to
Pollutants
Advances in Experimental Medicine
and Biology
Neuroscience and Respiration
Volume 834
Editorial Board
Irun R. Cohen, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
N.S.AbelLajtha,KlineInstituteforPsychiatricResearch,Orangeburg,NY,USA
John D. Lambris, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Rodolfo Paoletti, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Subseries Editor
Mieczyslaw Pokorski
For furthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/13457

Mieczyslaw Pokorski
Editor
Environment Exposure
to Pollutants
Editor
MieczyslawPokorski
InstituteofPsychology
UniversityofOpole
Poland
ISSN0065-2598 ISSN2214-8019(electronic)
ISBN978-3-319-10002-9 ISBN978-3-319-10003-6(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-10003-6
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014957139
#SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015
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Preface
ThisisanewbookseriesentitledNeuroscienceandRespiration,asubseries
of Springer’s renowned Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology.
Thebookvolumespresentcontributionsbyexpertresearchersandclinicians
inthefieldofpulmonarydisorders.Thechaptersprovidetimelyoverviewsof
contentious issues or recent advances in the diagnosis, classification, and
treatmentoftheentirerangeofpulmonarydisorders,bothacuteandchronic.
Thetextsarethoughtasamergerofbasicandclinicalresearchdealingwith
respiratorymedicine, neural andchemicalregulationofrespiration, and the
interactive relationship between respiration and other neurobiological
systemssuchascardiovascularfunctionorthemind-to-bodyconnection.In
detail,topicsincludelungfunction,hypoxiclungpathologies,epidemiology
ofrespiratoryailments,sleep-disorderedbreathing,imaging,andbiomarkers.
Other needful areas of interest are acute respiratory infections or chronic
inflammatoryconditionsoftherespiratorytract,exemplifiedbyasthmaand
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or those underlain by still
unknownfactors,suchassarcoidosis,respiratoryallergies,lungcancer,and
autoimmunedisordersinvolvingtherespiratorysystem.
Theprominentexpertswillfocustheirpresentationsontheleading-edge
therapeutic concepts, methodologies, and innovative treatments. Pharmaco-
therapy is always in the focus of respiratory research. The action and
pharmacology of existing drugs and the development and evaluation of
new agents are the heady area of research. Practical, data-driven options to
manage patients willbeconsidered. Thechapterswillpresentnewresearch
regarding older drugs, performed from a modern perspective or from a
different pharmacotherapeutic angle. The introduction of new drugs and
treatment approaches in both adults and children will be discussed. The
problem of drug resistance, its spread, and deleterious consequences will
bedealtwithaswell.
Lung ventilation is ultimately driven by the brain. However, neuropsy-
chologicalaspectsofrespiratorydisordersarestillmostlyamatterofconjec-
ture. After decades of misunderstanding and neglect, emotions have been
rediscovered as a powerful modifier or even the probable cause of various
somatic disorders. Today, the link between stress and respiratory health is
undeniable. Scientists accept a powerful psychological connection that can
directlyaffectourqualityoflifeandhealthspan.Psychologicalapproaches,
v
vi Preface
bydecreasingstress,canplayamajorroleinthedevelopmentandcourseof
respiratorydisease,andthemind-bodytechniquescanaidintheirtreatment.
Neuromolecular aspects relating to gene polymorphism and epigenesis,
involvingbothheritablechangesinthenucleotidesequenceandfunctionally
relevantchangestothegenomethatdonotinvolveachangeinthenucleotide
sequence, leading to respiratory disorders will also be tackled. Clinical
advances stemming from basic molecular and biochemical research are but
possibleiftheresearchfindingsare“translated”intodiagnostictools,thera-
peutic procedures, and education, effectively reaching physicians and
patients.Allthatcannotbeachievedwithoutamultidisciplinary,collabora-
tive,“bench-to-bedside”approachinvolvingbothresearchersandclinicians,
whichistheessenceofthebookseriesNeuroscienceandRespiration.
Thesocietalandeconomicburdenofrespiratoryailmentshasbeenonthe
rise worldwide leading to disabilities and shortening of life span. COPD
alone causes more than three million deaths globally each year. Concerted
efforts are required to improve this situation, and part of those efforts are
gaining insights into the underlying mechanisms of disease and staying
abreast with the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment regimens.
It is hoped that the books published in this series will fulfill such a role by
assumingaleadingroleinthefieldofrespiratorymedicineandresearchand
willbecomeasourceofreferenceandinspirationforfutureresearchideas.
Titlesappearing inNeuroscience andRespiration will be assembled ina
novel way in that chapters will first be published online to enhance their
speedyvisibility.Oncethereareenoughchapterstoformabook,thechapters
willbeassembledintocompletevolumes.Attheend,Iwouldliketoexpress
my deep gratitude to Mr. Martijn Roelandse and Ms. Tanja Koppejan from
Springer’sLifeSciencesDepartmentfortheirgenuineinterestinmakingthis
scientific endeavor come through and in the expert management of the
productionofthisnovelbookseries.
Opole,Poland MieczyslawPokorski
Volume 3: Environmental
Exposure to Pollutants
The impairment of lung function caused by environmental exposure to
pollutants and toxicants is a rising health problem, particularly in highly
industrializedpartsoftheworld.Theproblemurgentlycallsforthedevelop-
ment of new methodologies to assess both the level of elemental exposure
and the effects for quality of health and longevity. This volume provides
state-of-the-art information about the recent advances in occupational and
nonoccupational pollutant-related disorders of the respiratory tract and the
assessmentofathreatthey pose forthehealthspan. Thedetrimentalhealth
effectsofpollutionrelatedtoheavyroadtrafficaredescribedatlength.
vii

Contents
EffectsofExposuretoWeldingFumeonLung
Function:ResultsfromtheGermanWELDOXStudy. . . . . . . . . . 1
M.Lehnert,F.Hoffmeyer,K.Gawrych,A.Lotz,E.Heinze,
H.Berresheim,R.Merget,V.Harth,R.VanGelder,J.-U.Hahn,
A.Hartwig,T.Weiß,B.Pesch,andT.Bru¨ning,fortheWELDOX
StudyGroup
Disability-AdjustedLifeYearsintheAssessment
ofHealthEffectsofTraffic-RelatedAirPollution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Ł.Adamkiewicz,A.J.Badyda,A.Gayer,andD.Mucha
ImpactofTraffic-RelatedAirPollutiononHealth. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
J.Jakubiak-Lasocka,J.Lasocki,R.Siekmeier,andZ.Chłopek
Traffic-RelatedAirPollutionandRespiratory
TractEfficiency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
A.J.Badyda,P.Da˛browiecki,P.O.Czechowski,
G.Majewski,andA.Doboszyn´ska
DifferentPatternsinChangesofExhaledBreathCondensate
pHandExhaledNitricOxideAfterOzoneExposure. . . . . . . . . . . 39
F.Hoffmeyer,K.Sucker,C.Monse´,H.Berresheim,
B.Jettkant,N.Rosenkranz,T.Bru¨ning,andJ.Bu¨nger
SerialMeasurementsofExhaledNitricOxide
atWorkandatHome:ANewToolfortheDiagnosis
ofOccupationalAsthma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
RolfMerget,IngridSander,VeravanKampen,
MonikaRaulf-Heimsoth,OlafHagemeyer,
EikeMarek,andThomasBru¨ning
PrevalenceofWork-RelatedRhino-Conjunctivitis
andRespiratorySymptomsAmongDomestic
WasteCollectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
A.L.Schantora,S.Casjens,A.Deckert,V.vanKampen,
H.-D.Neumann,T.Bru¨ning,M.Raulf,
J.Bu¨nger,andF.Hoffmeyer
ix