Enver Hoxha Speaks - Marxists Internet Archive

440 Pages·2012·3.62 MB·English

Enver Hoxha
Speaks
Enver Hoxha
Tirana ■ Albania
Contents:
Declaration of the Democratic Government of Albania at the
2nd Meeting of the Anti-Fascist National Liberation Council of
Albania
23 October 1944
1
Speech Delivered on Independence Day and the Arrival of the
Democratic Government in Tirana
28 November, 1944
4
Report to the 4th Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPA
17 October, 1945
13
Speech to the Constituent Assembly on the Presentation of the
Resignation of Government
12 January, 1946
46
Program of the First Government of the People's Republic of
Albania Presented to the People's Assembly of the PRA
24 March, 1946
48
Speech Delivered at the Plenary Session of the Paris Peace
Conference
21 August, 1946
67
Speech Delivered to the People's Assembly on the Opening of the 3rd
Regular Session of the 1st Legislature
12 July, 1947
85
We Shall go to Moscow Not With Ten Banners, But With Only
One, With the Banner of Marxism-Leninism
(Speech at the 18th Plenum of the CC of the PLA Concerning Liri Belishova's Grave
Mistakes in Line)
6 September, 1960
113
The Defense of the Marxist-Leninist Line is Vital For Our Party and
People and for International Communism
(Contribution to the Discussion at the 18th Plenum of the CC of the PLA)
7 September, 1960
128
Reject the Revisionist Theses of the XX Congress of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Anti-Marxist
Stand of Krushchev’s Group! Uphold Marxism-Leninism!
Speech Delivered by Enver Hoxha as Head of the Delegation of the Party of Labor of
Albania Before the Meeting of 81 Communist and Workers Parties
16 November, 1960
135
Speech in Commemoration of the 20th Anniversary of the Founding
of the Party of Labor of Albania and the 44th Anniversary of the
Great October Socialist Revolution
7 November, 1961
200
The Revolutionary Communists Expect China to Come Out
Openly Against Khrushchevite Revisionism
3 April, 1962
246
The Modern Revisionists on the Way to Degenerating Into Social-
Democrats and to Fusing with Social-Democracy
7 April 1964
247
Literature and Art Should Serve to Temper People with Class
Consciousness for the Construction of Socialism
Closing Speech at Fifteenth Plenum of the CC of the PLA
26 October, 1965
284
Some Preliminary Ideas about the Chinese Proletarian
Cultural Revolution
Speech to the Eighteenth Plenum of the CC of the PLA
14 October, 1966
307
For the Continuous Improvement of the Composition of the
Party and its Growth — for the Protection of the Purity of its
Ranks
5th Party Congress of the PLA
1 November, 1966
323
The Fist of the Marxist-Leninist Communists Must Also Smash
Left Adventurism, the Offspring of Modern Revisionism
From a Conversation with Two Leaders of the Communist Party of Ecuador
21 October, 1968
329
Letter to the Ninth Conference of the Chinese Communist
Party
29 April, 1969
343
The Demagogy of the Soviet Revisionists Cannot Conceal Their
Traitorous Countenance
10 January, 1969
347
The Theory and Practice of the Revolution
7 July, 1977
380
Letter to Comrade Hysni Kapo
30 July, 1978
405
The Marxist-Leninist Movement and the World Crisis of
Capitalism
August, 1979
411
Declaration of the Democratic Government
Declaration of the Democratic Government of Albania at
the 2nd Meeting of the Anti-Fascist National Liberation
Council of Albania
23 October 1944
In this great anti-fascist liberation war, in which all the
progressive peoples, united in face of the danger threatening
mankind, have thrown in all their energies in a common effort
against the Nazi fascist barbarians, our heroic people, with the
greatest self-sacrifice, have made their contribution to the
liberation of the homeland and the wiping out of the fascist
plague. The Albanian people courageously undertook the most
terrible, and at the same time the most glorious war ever known in
our history, and have shown in deeds, which will remain as lasting
monuments for the future generations of our country, that the
blood of their heroic ancestors still flows in the veins of the
Albanians, and that their spirit is endowed with the lofty virtues
characteristic of our people. In face of the great torrent threatening
to engulf our country, the people, regardless of the sufferings,
hunger, burnings, and killings, embarked on the only road of
salvation through which they were to smash the dreadful shackles
of slavery, the road of merciless war against the occupiers and the
traitors of the country. Through their war against savage and
powerful enemies equipped with the most modern weapons, the
Albanian people fought their way step by step to glory to raise
high the name of Albania and the Albanians, earning for our
country the respect of the whole world, and through the blood of
their glorious sons, the right to take their place alongside all those
peoples who undertook the great task of the salvation of mankind.
In the flames of this liberation war our heroic National
Liberation Army was set up, the army of our invincible people,
which dealt mortal blows to the occupiers and traitors and, in
fighting bloody battles, armed and steeled itself with
determination, discipline, and great experience. Through struggle
and efforts the national liberation councils were set up, which
became the true democratic state power of the people and which,
together with our army, constituted the principal factor in our
victories. Parallel with the victories of the army, the organization
of our state power, too, passed from one glorious stage to another,
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Declaration of the Democratic Government
gradually becoming perfected. Peza, Labinot, Përmet, and Berat
are the four glorious stages of our war. The great Congress of
Përmet, where the delegates of the Albanian people elected the
Anti-fascist National Liberation Council of Albania and vested it
with legislative and executive powers, gave Albania the Anti-
fascist Committee, the principal executive and directing organ of
the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council. The second historic
meeting of the Anti fascist National Liberation Council of
Albania, held in the liberated town of Berat, gave Albania its first
Democratic Government, the principal executive and directing
organ through which the Anti-fascist National Liberation Council
fulfills its executive functions.
The Democratic Government of Albania, conscious of the
duties it has been entrusted with, will remain loyal to the decisions
adopted at the Congress of Përmet, will be the continuation of the
Anti-fascist Committee, and will implement and uphold all the
military and political principles of the national liberation
movement on a wider scale.
The Government, exercising its functions, declares to the entire
Albanian people:
1. The Democratic Government of Albania will remain loyal
to the decisions adopted at the Anti-fascist National
Liberation Congress of Përmet and by the Anti-fascist
National Liberation Council of Albania. This Government
will continue in the footsteps of the Anti-fascist
Committee.
2. The objective of the Government is the continuation and
extension of the war, the rapid and complete liberation of
Albania, and the defence of its independence. 3.The
Democratic Government of Albania will rally all the
forces of the Albanian people around the national
liberation state power, and will strengthen the power of
the national liberation councils.
4. The Democratic Government of Albania, after the
complete liberation of Albania, and after stabilizing the
situation, will proceed to hold free and democratic
elections to the Constituent Assembly, which will decide
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Declaration of the Democratic Government
on the form of the state and formulate the Founding
Constitution of the Albanian State.
5. The Democratic Government of Albania will review all
the political, military, and economic agreements
concluded with foreign states by the Zog regime, and will
cancel all those which are to the detriment of the Albanian
people and state.
6. The Democratic Government of Albania will guarantee
and defend all the civil rights of the citizens.
7. The Democratic Government of Albania will try to
establish closer cooperation with the great allies: Great
Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States of
America, as well as with all the other members of the
anti-fascist bloc.
8. The Democratic Government of Albania will seek
recognition as the sole government of Albania from the
great allies: Great Britain, the Soviet Union and the
United States of America, as well as all the members of
the anti-fascist bloc.
On behalf of the Democratic Government of Albania, PRIME
MINISTER and Supreme Commander of the National Liberation
Army of Albania Colonel-General Enver Hoxha.
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Speech at Independence
Speech Delivered on Independence Day and the Arrival
of the Democratic Government in Tirana
28 November, 1944
People of Albania,
On a memorable day such as this, in 1912, after a long
period of bondage, independent Albania was born. When our
country was menaced from all sides by foreign enemies, when
new chains of slavery were being forged for our people, old Ismail
Qemali11 with a handful of valiant patriots hoisted the banner of
freedom in Vlora, and the Albanian people paused for breath. We
emerged victorious, but new cruel waves dashed over our poverty
stricken people, and that banner of freedom was violated. It was
misused, and became an object of barter for the satraps of past
regimes; it was used to hide the shameful deeds and robbery
perpetrated upon our people. But the banner of the people, the
banner of Ismail Qemali, remained unsullied in the hearts of
Albanian patriots; that banner was raised high, held aloft by the
steel hands of the people's fighters, and passed through storms and
tempests, always defiant and unbowed, the symbol of freedom and
independence.
Today, after so much heroic fighting against fascism, the
red banner of Vlora, dyed with the blood of the people's heroes
fallen in this anti-fascist war, flies proudly in the skies of free
Albania. Five years have passed since the beginning of the cruel
fascist slavery, and five times over on each November 28 the
blood of the heroic sons of the people, who faced the bayonets of
the occupiers and traitors, has flowed in the streets of Albanian
cities. The Day of the Flag has become doubly sacred, the day of
the independence and the union of the Albanian people.
On April 7, 1939, we fell into bondage, into heavy
servitude, when fascism, the greatest enemy of our people and of
all mankind, invaded our country. The great war was in the
making, the great slaughter was being prepared by Hitler and
1 Ismail Qemali (born in 1844), diplomat, politician, patriot and undaunted fighter for
the freedom of Albania. On November 28, 1912 he hoisted the flag of independence in
Vlora and led the first Albanian government. He was poisoned by the Italian
imperialists in 1919. People's Hero.
4
Speech at Independence
Mussolini. We paid the first toll. The international outlook was
gloomy. Europe was arming at a feverish pace, and not a single
voice was raised in our defence save the cries of our people
betrayed by the government of the time, crying out for weapons to
fight the Italians. The betrayal was complete. The intriguing
politicians, the speculators were riding high. They extended their
hands to the occupiers who made common cause with them in
order to suppress the people, to make them slaves, fodder for their
guns. The fascists and the traitors worked systematically to quell
any resistance, to smother all patriotic feeling, to trample
underfoot the honour of our country, to obliterate our customs and
language, and to colonize Albania, so that the Italians could strike
out from our country at our neighbours and at the Soviet Union.
But amidst the black terror, the great resistance was born among
our people, who rose to their feet to win back the freedom which
had been stolen from them. Barbarous fascism, armed to the teeth
with the most modern weapons and aided by the traitors, came up
against our brave fighters who had freedom in their hearts, their
iron will, and infinite self-sacrifice. The sons of the people, who
felt the agonies of their homeland and who bore on their shoulders
the sufferings, the hardships and the sorrows of an entire people,
stood up to fight. Many of those who, in the first hours of the war,
fell martyrs for this people whom they loved so much, fell with a
song on their lips, happy because they knew what they were
fighting for, and that with their life's blood they would raise a new
Albania. This was the battle cry and the people's call to arms
sounded by the vanguard; it told them that the country was
threatened with death, that they must take up arms and, with
merciless and unceasing war, liberate the homeland. The Albanian
people heard the call of their sons; the blood flowing in the streets
of towns and villages was their own blood, and so the people took
up arms.
Our glorious National Liberation War began. It was an
unequal war, we were unarmed, barefoot, and empty-bellied, but
we were strong, for we were fighting for a great cause, fighting
for the liberation of the people, to give them a happy life and to
take our revenge on the enemy who sought to drown us in blood.
We were a small people face to face with a huge beast; but we
were strong, for in our hearts we nurtured a deep hatred for those
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