Enlightened colonialism : civilization narratives and imperial politics in the Age of Reason

319 Pages·2017·15.689 MB·English

by  Tricoire, Damien

Cambridge Imperial
and Post-Colonial Studies Series
Series Editors
Richard Drayton
Department of History
King’s College London
London, United Kingdom
Saul Dubow
Magdalene College
University of Cambridge
Cambridge, United Kingdom
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DamienTricoire
Editor
Enlightened
Colonialism
Civilization Narratives and Imperial Politics
in the Age of Reason
Editor
DamienTricoire
PhilosophischeFakultätI
MartinLutherUniversität
Halle,Sachsen-Anhalt,Germany
CambridgeImperialandPost-ColonialStudiesSeries
ISBN978-3-319-54279-9 ISBN978-3-319-54280-5(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-54280-5
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P
REFACE
Enlightened Colonialism seekstobringtogethereighteenth-centurypoliti-
cal and intellectual history in a truly global framework. This bringing
together of several continents, empires, and fields of research would be a
Herculeantaskforasinglescholar.Consequently,itseemedtomealogical
step to seek the expertise of specialists from different continents and dis-
ciplines.Iwashappytowinovertothisprojecteminentandcreativescholars
from Europe and the Americas. In order to discuss our mutual ideas, I
organizedaworkshopinHalle,Germany,inJune2015.Thisbookislargely
–butnotexclusively–theresultofthiscollaboration,whichtookplacein
botharelaxedandconcentratedatmosphere.
Thisprojectwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthegenerousfundingof
the research program of the state of Saxony-Anhalt on the topic
“Enlightenment – religion – knowledge” (Landesforschungsschwerpunkt
“Aufklärung – Religion – Wissen”). I would like to thank in particular
AndreasPečarandAnnegretJummrichfortheirsupport.Iwouldalsoliketo
thank warmly the Interdisciplinary Centre for European Enlightenment
Studies (Interdisziplinäres Zentrum zur Erforschung der europäischen
Aufklärung,IZEA)inHalleforhostingtheworkshopandprovidingtechnical
support(andeverythingforthecoffeebreaks!);inparticular,RicardaMatheus
was of great help. Robert Bruns supported me very much in unifying the
citation style in the endnotes and in the bibliography and Jennifer Cash in
v
vi PREFACE
editingthelanguageofarticleswrittenmeanlybynon-nativespeakers.Lastly,I
wouldliketothankthePalgraveteam,especiallyPeterCary,MollyBeck,and
OliverDyer,forbelievinginthisprojectandmakingabookoutofit.
C
ONTENTS
Introduction 1
DamienTricoire
PartI The Inventionof the Enlightenment andthe Return
of AssimilationistPolicy
The Enlightenment andthe Politics ofCivilization:
Self-Colonization,Catholicism, and Assimilationism
in Eighteenth-CenturyFrance 25
DamienTricoire
Enlightened Colonialism?French Assimilationism,
Silencing,andColonial FantasyonMadagascar 47
DamienTricoire
PartII FromCivilizingto AssimilationistPolicy
PortugueseIndigenous PolicyandIndigenous Politics
in the Ageof Enlightenment:Assimilationist Ideals
andthe Preservationof Native Identities 73
Maria ReginaCelestinode Almeida
vii
viii CONTENTS
NewForms of Colonialismonthe Frontiersof Hispanic
America: Assimilationist ProjectsandEconomic Disputes
(Río de laPlata, LateEighteenth Century) 93
LíaQuarleri
PartIII The Invention ofIntra-European Colonialism
CivilizingStrategies andthe Beginningof Colonial Policy
in the Eighteenth-CenturyRussianEmpire 113
RicardaVulpius
CreatingDifferences for Integration:EnlightenedReforms
andCivilizingMissions in the EasternEuropean Possessions
of the HabsburgMonarchy (1750–1815) 133
Klemens Kaps
PartIV Towards CivilizingPolicyin the British Empire
“GraduallyReclaiming Them fromaStateof Barbarism”:
Emergenceof andAmbivalence in the Aboriginal Civilization
Project in Canada(1815–1857) 159
Alain Beaulieu
Europein anIndian Mirror:Comparing Conceptions
of Civil Government inAbuTaleb’sTravels (1810) 179
Sven Trakulhun
PartV Civilization, RacialOrder, andSlavery
Jean-François deSaint-Lambert andHisMoral conte“Ziméo”
(1769)in the Contextof Abolitionist andImperial Activities 205
AnjaBandau
CONTENTS ix
Slaveryand the Enlightenmentin Jamaicaand the British
Empire, 1760–1772:The Afterlifeof Tacky’s Rebellion
andthe Origins of BritishAbolitionism 227
Trevor Burnard
France, theAbolition of Slavery,andAbolitionisms
in the Eighteenth Century 247
Matthias Middell
Colonial Enlightenment andthe French Revolution:
JulienRaymondandMilscent Créole 269
Jeremy D. Popkin
BlackAthena in Haiti:Universal History,Colonization,
andthe AfricanOrigins of Civilization
in PostrevolutionaryHaitian Writing 287
DorisL.Garraway
Index 309