English Synonyms and Antonyms

575 Pages·2017·31.35 MB·English

by  Standard Educational Series

S E S
TA N D A R D D UCA T IO NAL E RI ES
N N N N
E GLISH SY O Y M S A D
N N
A T O Y M S
W
N N U
IT H O T E S O T H E CORRE CT S E
P P N
O F RE O SITIO S
Y
D C S
E SI G N E D A S A O M PA N I O N FO R T H E T U D
T B U S
A N D A S A E X T O O K FO R T H E SE O F C H O O L S
-
é
N
J A M E S C FE R A L D
.
EDI T YN NY NT NY E I TI N T ND D D ICT I N Y
S
O R 0F S O M S A O M S AND PR PO S O S IN T H E A AR O A R
, ,
W
NE Y O RK
W
F UNK A G NA L L S CO M PA NY
L O ND O N A N D T O R O NT O
1 8 9 7
v
W
C i ht b 1? db A GNA L L S COM PAN Y
opyr g y
.
,
H ll L d E
a on on ng
, , .
I
P TE D UN TED T TE
S
R N IN T H E I A S
.
P
REFACE
.
m
T h E li h l i li l i h i with
e n g s an guage s pecu ar y r c n syn ony s as
, ,
m m
such a h ist ory it could n ot fail t o b e Fro t h e t i e o f J ulius
, .
C B it R m N th m S D d N m
aesar r on s o an s or en axon s an es an or an s
, , , , , ,
fi h t i f tif i d tt li t h il f E l d w ith
g n g or y n g an se n g upon e so o n g an
, , ,
m
S t h d I i h t d i f t i t t h
co c an r s con en n g o r as ery o r e x s en ce acro ss e
m
t i b d d t h Ch l d ll f d i t th b t h
o un a n or er an e an n e an a en ce n o ge er y e
,
m
ld t b i fl h th ’ h E li h h t
sea co u n o ut n uen ce e ac o er s speec n g s erc an s
, . ,
v ,
il ld i d t l t d i w i d l i i
sa o rs so ers an ra e ers ra n g arr n g an exp or n g n
, , , , ,
v
m m
e ery cli e O f n ecessity b ro ugh t b ack n ew t er s o f sea an d
,
v
m
h f h d d b t tl fi ld E li h h l h
s ore o s o p an ca p an a e e n g s sc o ars a e
s
, .
t d i d G k d L t i f t h d d th l
s u e ree an a n or a ousan years an e an guages
,
m m
f th C ti t d f t h O i t i t t i E li h
o e on n en an o e r en n ore recen es n g s
.
v
m m
h h h i t d d w d f H b w G k d
c urc en a e n ro uce o r s ro e re ree an
, ,
m m
L ti th h Bib l d b k d t t F
a n roug e an prayer oo ser on an rac ro
s
, , v.
ll t h i it lt t h t th i l l k
a s resu s a ere s scarce y a an guage e er spo en
v
m m m
n t h t h t t ti i E li h h
a o n g e a as n o so e represen a e n n g s speec
.
m
T h i it f t h A l S t f l i l i
e sp r o e n g o = axon race as er u n an guage as n
.
v
m m m
w d h b j t d ll th i l t t
ar an co erce as su uga e a ese ar o us e e en s o
,
m
m m
id i ki t t h w k b t it l
on e o a n g n o a pa c or u a co pos e an guage
, v, .
A l S th ift fi d i ft l w d t h t i i ll
n g o = axon r n n g o en se era or s a or g n a y ex
,
v
m m
d th id h d t il d th t d iff t t f t h
presse e sa e ea as e a e e o eren par s o e
,
v
mm m
t it t d iff t i t h t w h l t
co on err ory or o eren ser ce so a e a e an a os
,
v
m m
l d i t f w d ki d d i i b t d i ti t i
un ex a p e ar e y o or s n r e n ean n g u s n c n
, v
m m
f i l h d f h th h t
usage or express n g a ost e ery s a e o u an o ug
, .
mm m
S l tw f h w d l k w
carce y an y o o suc or s co on y n o n as syn on y s
, ,
v
id ti l t i i ifi ti d i T h h t i
u
are en ca a o n ce n s gn ca on an n se ey a e cer a n
.
mm
d w ithi w h i h th i t h b l b t t
co o n groun n c ey are n erc an gea e u o u
v
id f th t h h it w i l i w ithi w h i h
s e o a eac as s o n spec a pro n ce n c
,
m m
th w d i t d F t h t w lit i
an y o er or co es as an n ru er ro ese o qua es
.
v
m
i t h t l f t ib ti t b t d
ar ses e grea a ue o syn on y s as con r u n g o eau y an
v
m
ff ti f i A i t h b l th k i
e ec en ess o express on s n erc an gea e ey a e po ss
v . ,
m m
b l t h t f d d i t b w h i h th d i t i f
e a ree o an ar e y y c e c on o an acco
li h d w it k d iff f m th w d if m it f
p s e r er or spea er ers ro e oo en un o r y o a
n
m m
l l d t A d i t i t d ifi t h b l t f
e ga o cu e s s n c an spec c ey en a e a as er o
. v ,
m m
t l t h i i t th t th t i th t
s y e o c oose n e ery n s an ce e o n e er a s e os
P
RE FA CE
.
m
f t i f h i t h h t T w it k t th b t
per ec rror o s oug O r e or spea o e es pur
.
m
h ld k w i th fi t l ll t h w d f w h i h
po se on e s ou n o n e r s p ace a e or s ro c
,
m
h h d th th t w h i
e ay c oo se an en e exac reason y n an y case an y
,
v
t i l w d h l d b h T i h k w l d i
par cu ar or s o u e c o sen o g e suc n o e ge n
.
m
t h t w di ti i t h ffi f b k f
ese o rec on s s e o ce o a oo O syn on y s
.
O f M ilt ’ di t i M ul w it
on s c on aca ay r es
v
m m
Hi t t lik i t ti It it li l i it b i i
s po e ry ac s e an n can a on s er es ess n s o ous ean ng
.
T m m
th an in its o ccul t power here would see at first sigh t to b e n o ore in his
. , ,
m
words than in oth er words But th ey are word s of en ch ant ent NO soon er are
. .
m
th ey pronoun ced th an th e past is present and th e distant near New for s of b eauty
, . v
m m
start at once into existen ce an d all th e b urial places o f the e ory gi e up th eir
,
C m
d ead h ange th e structure of the senten ce ; substitute one synony f or another and
. ,
th wh l fi t i d t d T h ll l it w d h wh h ld th
e o e e ec s es roye e spe oses s po er; an e o s ou en
.
m m m C m
h ope to conj ure with it would find h i self as uch istaken as assi in the
W B
A b i t l wh h t d i O h t ’ O l ’ t th d wh i h
ra an a e en e s o o cry ng pen ea pen ar ey o e o o r c
, , , ,
m m D m
b d d b t O S ’ T h i b l f il f d i h i tt t
o eye n o soun u pen esa e e sera e a ure o ry en n s a e p
.
m P L m
t t l t i t h i w d i ti t f th d i t i k b l
o ran s a e n o s o n c on so e par s o e ara se os s a re ar a e
i t f th i ”
ns ance o s
.
m
M l ’ w w iti b d i l f th t i it
acau ay s o n r n gs a oun n exa p es O a ex qu s e
v
m
i i i th h i f w d w h i h t b i
prec s on n e c o ce o or s c n e er see s o e prec se
, ,
m
b ut h as all th e aspect O f ab solut e free d o T hrough h is lan guage
.
m
hi s t h ough t b urst s upon th e in d as a lan d scape is seen in
m m
t tl f tl d b tif ll f t i h i h t A
s an y per ec y an eau u y ro a oun a n e g
, , .
v
lit tl f th h t li h t i f li it i th h i f
e aguen ess o o ug a s g n e c y n e c o ce o
,
m
w ord s w ould b e like a cloud upon t h e oun t ain o b s curin g t h e
,
m m
w ith d d h illi i t L t t th i
s cen e a a p an c n g s e an yon e ry e exper
.
v
m m m
t w i h lik G ’ El G ld ith ’ T l
en t a po e e ray s egy or o s s ra e
,
” V ”
ler or D eserted illage O f sub stit utin g o th er w ord s for t h o se
,
v
m
th t h h d h w ill di l i h w h f
e poe as c o sen an e rea y perce e o uc o
,
m
th h f th li d d t h i fi tit d f
e c ar o e n es epen s upon e r n e exac u e o
i
express on
.
m
I w d w h t w it d fi
n our o n ay en so an y are eager o r e an con
, ,
d t t h t th w it d w h th i di f th b
en a ey can r e an en e press s sen n g or y
,
m
t h e t on th at w h ich is called lit erat ur e b ut w h ich so eh o w lacks
,
vv
m mm m
t h i i t f i t lit it i f t h fi t i t t i
e pr n o or a y s o e rs por an ce o re e
,
m
th t d f d i t i t b h f h t i l lt
e s u y o syn on y s as a s n c ran c O r e or ca cu ur e
v .
m
P l t d t t i t b t d d t d b t th
re a en errors n ee a es o e n o e an correc e u e
,
t hi f E li h h i t h b t d f i t ll th t
eac n g o pure n g s speec s e es e en se aga n s a a
v v
m m
i i f i it b l l i T h t ff t i d
s n er or un su a e o r repu s e e o s e e c e con e n a
, , .
t i f b j t i b l w d h i th t it i t f d i
on O an O ec on a e or or p rase s a s n o oun n
h l l w k d t d t w h h l d t h i h
s c o ar y or s an a s u en o as o n ce earn e e r c
,
v v
t f i b t if l t d i w d t h t
s ores o gorous eau u exac an express e or s a
, , ,
v
m
k b l l i b th t f t t b d t h
a e up o ur n o e an guage s y a ery ac pu eyon e
,
m
h f ll t t ti t li i ti ti
reac O a e p a o n o n gu s c corrup on
.
PR
E FA CE
.
m
S i l i t ti i th f i f th
pec a n s ruc o n n e use o syn on y s s n ecessary or e
,
t h t f w t d t t h l ti l w d h b it
reason a e s u en s po ssess e an a y ca po e r an a
m
f i d i d t h ld i f t d fi iti i
o n requ re o o a success on o s epara e e n on s n
m m m
th ht t t h w ith h th d d t i
o ug a o n ce co pare e eac o er an e er n e
, ,
m
j t w h d h w th t d th l t
us ere an o ey par co pany an e person s eas
v
m m
b l t d th i th t i d f th i f t i
a e o o s are e ery o n es o s n n ee o e n or a on
.
m m
T h d i ti t i b t w w d i il i i ft
e s n c on s e e en or s s ar n ean n g are o en so
v
m
fi d l i t t th i it f th li h d
n e an e us e as o ax e n gen u y o e acco p s e
m
h l t w h l l h d d t h i t t f
s c o ar ye en c ear y appre en e ey are as por an or
m m
t h f l th i t d iff b tw i il
e purposes o an guage as e n u e eren ces e een s ar
m
b t f th o f h i t O ft d fi iti
su s an ces are o r e purp ses o c e s ry en e n on
.
m m
it lf i b t d b t h i f ki d d t d
se s es secure y e co par son o n re er s an
p m W
th e o in tin g o ut w h ere each d iffers fro t h e o t h er e per
.
v
m m m
i l l d b b tt w h t h w d i b
ce e ore C ear y an re e er e er a eac or s y
v v ,
m m
i i w h h d i id f t h f ki d d i
perce n g ere eac es ro an o er o n re ean n g
m m
j t w d b b tt th it ti d t f
us as e see an re e er e er e s ua on an con o ur o
m
d j t t i b id i th b d i f h
a acen coun r es y con s er n g e as oun ar es o eac
,
m
th th th b t t t t f t h l t it d d
o er ra er an y an exac s a e en o e a u e an
,
l it d f h t ti f t h t h ’ f
on g u e o eac as a s epara e por on o e ear s sur ace
.
m
T h t f t i d k d w it d t b
u
e grea ass o n ra n e spea ers an r ers n ee o e re
—
m
m
i d d i th fi t l th t t h ti
n e n e rs p ace a ere are syn on y s a sugges on
, ,
m
w h i h t h w ld t i f i i f t d fi i
c ey ou n o ga n ro an y prec s o n o separa e e n
m
ti i di t i T h d l b l t iti w ith w h i h
on s n a c on ary e ep ora e repe on c an y
.
” “
li h tl d t d h w d l t l did
s g y e uca e person s use suc or s as e egan sp en
, ,
v
” ” ”
l w f l h id t t i d i t (f th t b
c e er a u orr e c o n ca e or ey can n o e
, , , . ,
v
m
id t ) l t h d f t i d bj t i
sa o express a os an y s a e o cer a n appro e or O ec o n a
v v
m
b l liti h w li it d b l t f l
e qua es s o s a e oca u ary a po er y o an guage
, , ,
m
w h i h it i f th fi t i t t t M w h t
c s o e rs por an ce o correc an y o are n o
.
v
m
i t h i w ld t b i d t l h w
g en o suc gross suse ou ye e surpr se o earn o
v
m m m m
ft th l li it d u b f w d i th t t t
O en ey e p oy a ery e n er o or s n e a e p
v
t i t t t t h h t d f li lik th t w h t i
o g e u eran ce o oug s an ee n gs so un e a a s
,
m
th i h t w d i t f it b t h w
e r g or on on e o ccas on us o n ecess y e e ron g
m m m
w d t th ti S h i l i
or a an y o er es uc person s are s p y un con sc o us
.
m m
f th f t th t th th w d f ki d d i f
o e ac a ere are o er or s o n re ean n g ro
v
m U
w hi h t h i h t h t h i t d S t t f
c ey g c oose as e n e a es sur eyors O
“ ”
A l k f d th h d d i t t f th f i id w
as a o un e s u er n g en an o e r g zon e rap
v
m
i hi lf i f d w i fi f ti k with
p n g se n urs an co er n g o er a re O s c s
m
t h d l i b th hi f t
un ouc e co a n es en ea s ee
s
.
v v
m
Such po ert y O f lan guage is alw ays acco pani ed w ith po erty
u
m
f th h t O w h i t t t th w d f wi d l
u
o o g n e o s co n en o se e sa e or or e y
.
v v
m
d iff t id h ith b d t f t
eren eas as e er n e er O ser e or soon co es o orge
t h t th i d iff b tw th id h h t i
a ere s an y eren ce e een e eas or per aps e re a n s
v
PR F
iii E A CE
. .
v v
m
i f d iff w h i h h t t t t d fi t
a ague n ot on o a eren ce c e n e er a e p s o e n e o
m m
h i self an d d i ly h in ts t o o th ers b y ad d in g t o h is in ad equat e
,
m ”
w d h h k w i th h l
or so e suc p rase as yo u see or you n o n e e p
,
m m
l tt t t i j t i t th i d b u t i w h t d
ess a e p o n ec n o an o er n y s gg es on a a e
m m
t w d w ld b l hi i l d d i t i tl t S h
qua e or s ou en a e s p y an s n c y o say uc
.
m m m
i d bl th ld f A f i i w h i h t h i t i w
a n rese es e O aps o r ca n c e n er or as
v v
m
fill d w ith l d w h d di h l d
e c o u y spaces ere o ern sco eiy as re ea e
,
v
m m
t l k f t il l i d i h t i O i ffi f
grea a es er e p a n s an g y r ers n e a n O ce o
, , .
v
m
b k f i t l t h th t d
u u u
a o o o syn o n y s s o re ea o s c person s e n s spec e
v
i h f t h i w l d w h i f w d i i
r c e s o e r o n an guage an en a ser es o or s s g en
m m m
t h f w h i h th h th w ith i t lli t h i f
e ro c ey ay c oo se en n e gen c o ce o
, . ,
m
w d t h f it l ti f t h d iff
o r s ere co es o n ecess y a c earer percep o n o e er
f th id t h t t b d b t h d iff t
en ce o e eas a are o e expresse y o se eren
w d T h i d l f l t d d i tl
or s us co p ousn ess an c earn ess o an guage en rec y
. ,
t o affluen ce an d precision O f th o ugh t
.
m m
H th i i t t f li t f l ifi d
en ce ere s an po r an use o r ere s s o c ass e syn
m
lik R t ’ T h d th w k f S l d F l
o n y s e oge s esaurus an e or s O o u e an a
,
v v
N
l w t i th d f e t d t w ld d i
o s o on e n a o usan o a rage s u en s o u e er s
.
v
b i d d t t d f h d i t i th t th fi f
co er y n epen en s u y o t e c on ary a ere are
, ,
m
t f b tif l tw t f b i i fi ft
een syn on y s or eau u en y o n e or eg n n n g een
s
v , ,
v
for ben e o len ce t w en t y for f rien d ly an d th irty se en for pu re
s
, , .
v
m m m
T h t i f h b i t f ib l f l
e ere en on o suc n u ers O pen s s as o po ss e u
v v
m m
f d d i t f t t w h i h w ill h f
n ess ree o an ar e y o u eran ce c a e or an y
, . ,
v
t h ff t f l t i
person s e e ec o a re e a on
.
m m
B t it i ll i t t t t h t h t t
u s equa y por an o eac a syn on y s a re n o
i d en tica l an d t o explain w h y an d h o w th ey d ifi er A perso n o f
.
v
ext en si e read in g an d st ud y w ith a fin e n atural sen se o f lan guage
, ,
m h
w ill ft fi d ll th t h w t i th li t w i h ll t
O en n a a e an s n e ere s c re ca s o
,
v
m m m
h i t h i t w d B t f t h t j it
s e ory e appropr a e or u o r e as a o r y
. ,
m m m
th i d d w k t h t t t
ere s n e e e so e o r a co pares or co n ras s syn on y o us
m
w d l i t h i d iff f i d h w
or s exp a n s e r eren ces o ean n g or usage an s o s
, ,
m m
i w h t t i th t h b t fitl d T h i
n a con n ec on s o n e or e o er ay e os y use s
.
m
i th f t h t w k t b id t l t i f
s e purpo se O e presen or o e a gu e o s e ec o n ro
,
v
th i d t f E li h h
e ar e reasures O n g s speec
.
m m
Th i w k t t w it h i 37 5 th 7 500
s or rea s n pages ore an syn on y s
.
v v
It h as b een t h e stud y o f t h e aut h or t o gi e e ery d efin it ion o r
d i t i ti i th f w t ib l w d i t t w ith l
s n c on n e e es poss e or s con s s en c e arn ess
m m m
f t t t d t h i t l f f b t
o s a e en an s n o ere y or eco n o y O spac e u
, ,
m m
b ecause such con d en se d st at e en t s are o st easily appreh en d ed
m m
d b d
an re e ere
.
v
m m
T h th d f ll w d h b t l t f f
e e o o o e as een o se ec ro e ery group o syn
m m
w d t w t t d w d t h i f w hi h
on y s on e or or o con ras e or s e ean n g o c
, ,
PR
E FA CE
.
v
m m m
b tt l d b l d fi iti t t t th i
ay e se e y c ear e n e s a e en us secur n g so e
,
m
fi d i t i t t w h i h ll th th w d f th
xe po n or po n s o c a e o er or s o e group ay
v
b e re ferred T h e great source o f aguen ess error an d perplexit y in
. , ,
m m
m d i i f i t h t t h w it l i t
an y scuss o n s o syn o n y s s a e r er ere y assoc a es
,
w
m
t id l l t d ith th di ff t w d lid i f
s ray eas o o se y con n ec e e eren or s s n g ro
,
m m
syn o n y t o syn on y w ith n o d efin ite poin t o f d epart ure or return
,
v
m m
so th at a s o o th an d at first sigh t pleasin g st at e en t really gi es t h e
m
in d n o d efin ite rest in g place an d n o sure con clusion A true di s
s
.
m m
cussion of syn on y s is d efin it ion b y co pariso n an d for t h is t h ere
,
W
m m m
u t b thi d fi it w ith w h i h t h t h
s e so e n g e n e c o co pare en e
.
m
t d d i tt l d i t i di ff t i ti b d t
s an ar s se e appro x a o n o r eren a o n can e e er
,
m m
i d w ith l d t i t It i t h t t ll
n e c earn ess an cer a n y s n o en oug o e so e
.
o
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t N w B i ht N Y S t 4 1896
es e r g o n ep
, . . , . , .