Table Of ContentАНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ДЛЯ ПЕРВОКУРСНИКОВ
_____________________
ENGLISH
FOR FRESHERS
Методическое пособие
2-е издание, стереотипное
Москва
Издательство «ФЛИНТА»
2014
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББК 81.2Англ-923
А64
С о с т а в и т е л и :
канд. филол. наук, доц. Н.Н. Зеркина
ст. преп., доц. О.Н. Минаенко
Р е ц е н з е н т :
канд. пед. наук, доц. Н.В. Харитонова
Английский для первокурсников. English for Freshers [Электронный
А64 ресурс] : метод. пособие / сост. Н.Н. Зеркина, О.Н. Минаенко. — 2-е изд.,
стер. — М. : ФЛИНТА, 2014. — 47 с.
ISBN 978-5-9765-2227-5
Целью методического пособия является расширение и систематизация
словарного запаса студентов; развитие лексических и грамматическихнавыков,
совершенствование навыков устной речи. Материалы пособия включают
аутентичные тексты из различных источников, разнообразные задания и
упражнения, предназначенные для аудиторной и самостоятельной работы
студентов. Курс расширяет представления студентов о странах изучаемого
языка, их социокультурных особенностях.
Для студентов первых курсов гуманитарных факультетов вузов.
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББК 81.2Англ-923
ISBN 978-5-9765-2227-5 © Зеркина Н.Н., Минаенко О.Н.,
составление, 2014
© Издательство «ФЛИНТА», 2014
2
CONTENTS
ОТ АВТОРОВ.....................................................................................................................................4
PART I.................................................................................................................................................5
Text I. A LETTER to MY BROTHER.......................................................................................5
Text II. STUDYING AT A BRITISH UNIVERSITY...............................................................7
Text III. “GAP YEAR”..............................................................................................................9
Text IV. OXBRIDGE...............................................................................................................11
Text V. STUDENTS’ STORIES (1)........................................................................................15
Text VI. STUDENT STORIES (2)..........................................................................................17
Text VII. SOME TYPES OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS FOUND IN ENGLAND...............19
Text VIII. SCHOOLDAYS......................................................................................................19
PART II. WORK BOOK...................................................................................................................23
Text I. (A LETTER to MY BROTHER)..................................................................................23
Text II–III. (STUDYING AT A BRITISH UNIVERSITY) (GAP YEARS)...........................25
Text IV. (OXBRIDGE)............................................................................................................30
Text V–VI. (STUDENTS’ STORIES).....................................................................................31
Text VII–VIII. (SOME TYPES OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS FOUND IN ENGLAND/
SCHOOLDAYS)......................................................................................................................35
ЛАТИНСКИЕ СОКРАЩЕИЯ.........................................................................................................40
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК........................................................................................41
ЛИТЕРАТУРА..................................................................................................................................46
3
ОТ АВТОРОВ
Данный практикум составлен с учетом специфики работы на не-
языковых факультетах и особенностей контингента студентов, а также
требований государственного стандарта, предъявляемых к содержа-
нию обучения английскому языку на не языковых факультетах.
Одной из задач курса иностранного языка в вузе является фор-
мирование интереса к иноязычной культуре. В практикуме эта задача
решается при помощи познавательных и занимательных текстов,
коммуникативных и личностно–ориентированных заданий.
Первая часть состоит из текстов и упражнений, которые дают
возможность проверить общее понимание прочитанного и закрепить
лексический материал текстов, развить навыки устной речи и перево-
да, закрепить знания грамматики, приобретенные в средней школе.
Определенная роль в пособии отводится для самостоятельного
развития грамматических навыков, что реализуется через дополни-
тельные упражнения по грамматике, содержащиеся во второй части
«Рабочей тетради». Организация материала «Рабочей тетради» в за-
данном формате1 позволяет экономить время на занятиях при выпол-
нении письменных заданий и облегчает их проверку. Данные упраж-
нения также могут быть использованы в качестве домашнего задания
или аудиторных контрольных заданий для проверки уровня овладе-
ния материалом студентами.
1 Заполни пропуски, выбери правильный ответ, закончи предложение и т.д.
4
PART I
Text I
1. Read a fresher’s1 letter and answer the questions
1) Where does Ann study?
2) What does she usually do?
3) Is there anything interesting in her students’ life?
A LETTER to MY BROTHER
Dear Bob,
I am a student of the Magnitogorsk State University. I am
happy. My dream came true. You asked me about my life. So here Моя мечта осущест-
вилась.
is the picture of what we usually do on weekdays. Every morning I
get up at 7, dress and have my morning meals. After breakfast I
leave my house and walk to the University. It takes me 5 minutes to У меня занимает …
чтобы добраться до
get to the University.
I come to the University at about 8 and go to the classroom. приблизительно в 8
After classes I usually go to the cafe for lunch and then to the li-
brary where I stay till late in the evening. We have lectures and
оставаться до позд-
tutorials every day. Usually I sit at the desk near the window. At 8 него вечера
o’clock a teacher comes into the classroom, greets us and the class
begins.
I would like to tell you about our last lesson of English. We
discussed “a gap year”. In Britain a gap year refers to a year off
промежуточный год
between leaving school and starting higher or further education, or
between finishing your education and starting work. Traditionally,
during this year young people travel and experience life in other познать, узнать по
опыту
countries, often by working there. How do you like this idea?
Here in Magnitogorsk I have many good friends among stu- друзья среди студен-
тов
dents but my best friend (his name is Alex) is a clerk in a big of-
мой лучший друг
fice. I met him at our cousin’s birthday party. He is 20 years old,
tall and handsome. He is not married.
As a rule we meet at the weekend. Alex and I often go to the
movies or discos and have a very good time together. I am sure
you’ll like him.
Как ты поживаешь?
How are you getting on, Bob? Is there any news from John?
Как у тебя дела?
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Best wishes,
Yours Ann.
1 Fresher — первокурсник
Sophomore — второкурсник,
Senior student — студент старших курсов,
Undergraduate — студент последнего курса,
Part-time student — студент заочного или вечернего отделения
5
PRACTICE
2. Find words which mean the same as:
a first year student to talk over
to go off to finish one’s studying at school
to go on foot to know troubles of life
to arrive to have no family of one’s own
to have a bite usually
to study on Saturday and Sunday
to say ‘Good morning’
3. Look back at the text and find examples of
1) Present Simple (Indefinite)
2) Past Simple (Indefinite)
3) Present Continuous
4. Work with a partner.
Ask and answer questions about Ann’s student life/ your groupmate’s life.
5. Write your own letter like this one about you students’ day to your friend.
Conversational English
Learn the dialogues by heart and dramatize them.
Hurry Up! The car is coming!
(Scene: a father and his son. The father's looking out of the window, the son is writing
something).
FATHER: What're you doing?
SON: I'm writing my paper.
FATHER: Well, stop now. And put your new jacket on.
SON: Why? What's happening?
FATHER: The Fedorovs are coming. They're having dinner with us,
SON: Fin sorry, Dad, but I have much work to do. Can't you have dinner without me?
FATHER: Well. They're bringing Nina to dinner too.
SON: Are they? Well, my work can wait after all. Just a minute, Dad, I’m brushing my
hair.
FATHER: Hurry up! Their car is just coming along the street.
I'll Do That, If I Remember
A: Will you be at the Club next Saturday?
B: Yes, if I'm in town, I'll go to the Club.
A: If you are at the Club on Saturday, you'll see
Boris.
B: Well, if I'm there, I may see him.
A: If you see him, tell him I'll come on Tuesday.
B: All right, I'll tell him that if I see him.
A: Say that I'll come if the weather is good.
B: I see. If I'm in town,* and if I'm at the Club, and if I see Boris, I'll tell him that you'll
come on
6
Tuesday, if the weather is fine.
A: Yes, that's what I ask you to tell him. B: Well, I'll do that, if I remember.
Dramatize the following scene:
Your friend and you are planning the coming weekend.
Just for Fun
Toо Big To Be Lost “ The elephant,” he said, “is such a large
The young teacher was giving her class animal that it is hardly ever lost.”
of young pupils a test at a natural his- A Friendly Young Man
tory. Charles had just entered the University.
“Now Bobby,” she said, “tell me where “ What’s your name?” the teacher asked.
the elephant is found.” “Charles,” was the answer.
The boy thought for a moment, then his “Charles what?” the teacher questioned.
face brightened. “ Oh, that’s all right,” he said, “just call
me Charles.”
Text II
1. Read the text and try to translate it without a dictionary.
STUDYING AT A BRITISH UNIVERSITY
If you want to go to (=enter) university, you must first pass examinations that
most students take at the age of eighteen (called ‘A’ level). Most students take three
‘A’ levels (three examinations in three different subjects) and they must do well in
order to get/obtain a place at university because the places are limited. At the mo-
ment, approximately 30% of young adults go to university in Britain.
If you get a place at university, the tuition (= the teaching) is free, and some
students also get (= receive) a grant (= money to pay for living expenses, e.g. food
and accommodation) as well. Students at university are called undergraduates while
they are studying for their first degree.
You can normally do/study these subjects at university but not always at school
Medicine law philosophy engineering
psychology sociology architecture politics
business studies agriculture history of art
Most university courses last (= go on for/ continue for) three years, some
courses last four years, and one or two courses, e.g. medicine, may be even longer,
during this period students can say that they are doing/studying history, or do-
ing/studying for a degree in history, for example. When they finish the course and
pass their examinations, they receive a degree (the qualification when you complete a
university course successfully). This can be a BA (=Bachelor of Arts) or a BSc
(=Bachelor of Science), e.g. I have a friend who has a BA in history, and another
who has a BSc in chemistry.
7
POSTGRADUATE COURSES
When you complete your first degree, you are a graduate. Some students then
go on to do a second course or degree (postgraduate course/ postgraduate degree).
These students are then postgraduates. There are three possible degrees
MA (Master of Arts) or MSc (Master of Science); usually one year
MPhil (Master of Philosophy); usually two years
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy); at least three years
When people study one subject in great detail (often to find new information),
we say they are conducting/ doing/ carrying out research (U); e.g. I’m doing some
research into the languages of different African tribes.
COMPREHENSION CHECK
2. What do you call
1) The money some students receive if they get a place at university?
2) The qualification you get at the end of university?
3) The name we give students during this period at university?
4) Teachers at university?
5) Students when they have completed their first degree?
6) Students studying for a second degree?
7) The study of one subject in great depth and detail, often to get new in-
formation?
8) The talks that students go to while they are at university?
Conversational English
Learn the dialogue by heart and dramatize it.
HOW'S PETER GETTING ON?
(Scene: a young man and a girl are talking.)
Andrew: Well, Ann, how's Peter getting on?
Ann: Fine, just fine. He's a student now.
Andrew: Oh, where does he study?
Ann: At Moscow University! He studies biology. He's keen on biology.
Andrew: I know he is. He must be quite at home at the University. I think he spends all his time in
the library and in the labs.
Ann: Well, he says he visits them very often... You know he's also interested in afts. So he often goes
to the Fine Arts Museum, to the Tretyakov Gallery, to various exhibitions.
Andrew: He finds time for everything... As they say, there are no flies on him.* He's fond of thea-
tre too. The Bolshoi Theatre is his favourite, isn't it?
Ann: It is. Nobody enjoys visits to the Bolshoi Theatre more than he does. He tells us a lot about
the history of this theatre and its company. He gives us real lectures at home.
Andrew: You are lucky to have a lecturer of your own!
Dramatize the following scene:
Your friend is a student of a British University. Ask him about his life.
8
Text III “GAP YEAR”
1. In the newspaper article below, Billy Simpson, an ex-university student, gives his opin-
ion on a ‘gap year’.
A) What advantages and disadvantages do you think there might be in having a ‘gap
year’? Is it common in your country?
B) Do you want to travel and work in other countries for a year at this age?
2. Read the text, pay attention to the new words and phrases and compare what Bill says
with your ideas.
***
This is absolutely nothing at all to speak абсолютно нет никаких причин
about taking a year out between school and univer-
sity and using it to travel the world. Supporters of
the gap-year fraud claim that it broadens the mind.
сторонник; заявлять;
As if a broad mind were of any use at all in settling расширять кругозор;
down to the miserable grist of a workaday exis- быть необходимым; смириться;
tence – in life it is only those with the very narrow- жалкая рутина; серенькая жизнь
выживать
est horizons who survive.
The first disaster was that my chosen univer- катастрофа
sity insisted that I took a year off. “You will be настаивать
very welcome the next year”, they said. “But you
need to mature.” “Mature?” I was not a cheese. Did созреть, вполне развиться
достойный;
that I will venerable gentleman actually believe that
to pick up an exotic disease or lose my right arm подцепить
wrestling with an alligator in the Amazon was the
only way to make me a keener of Spenser1?
страстный поклонник
never know. All I do know is that I had the
prospect of 15 months before I started university
with nothing to do and no money. I really didn’t
want to travel. What is more, even if I had wanted
to go away I couldn’t have afforded.
позволять
They will say that they ‘worked’ for their round the
world air ticket meaning ‘ I earned nine pounds for
зарабатывать
walking the neighbour’s dog and my parents paid
the rest.’ It is they, and only they, who go away.
But, and here is the point, I learnt more about
life, death and the nature of humanity in the 15
сущность человечества
months that I spend working in London than any-
one who came back from the depths of South-East глубины
Asia. Far more enlivening to work a till in Harrods развлечение; заработать заначку
and see what happens to a posh woman when her шикарный,
credit card won’t work.
1 Spenser, Edmund: a 16th century English poet
9
Whatever you do in your gap year you do not
mature but merely age. And wherever you spend it просто стареть
your time is wasted. However good you might
think your gap year was, if you hadn’t taken it you
would be a year younger now.
PRACTICE
3. Find in the text English equivalents for the following Russian phrases and use them in
the sentences of your own
1) путешествовать по свету
2) расширять кругозор
3) жизнь принадлежит тем, у кого узкий кругозор
4) выбранный мною университет
5) будем рады видеть вас
6) сражаться с крокодилом
7) выгуливать собаку
8) потраченное зря время
4. Find as many facts in the text as you can to prove the following
Bill didn’t want to take a gap year
Bill had problems with applying for the university
5. Which of the titles do you think would be the best one for the article? Why?
- Diseases and alligators: The risk and rewards
- Foreign travel: No way to bridge the dreaded gap
- A gap year: Time off well spend?
6. Comment on the tone/ attitude of the article. Is it cynical? Light-hearted? Funny?
Find words or phrases to justify your choices.
Example:
He is quite cynical (it is only those with the very narrowest horizons who survive )
7. Group work .Which of Bill’s opinions do you agree or disagree with?
Conversational English
Learn the dialogue by heart and dramatize it.
1. Ask a friend of yours about his/her summer/winter vacation.
2. Tell your friend about one of your journeys.
I ENJOYED MY HOLIDAYS
(Scene: in the street. A young man and a girl.)
HELEN: Victor, Victor!
VICTOR (turning to her): Good Heavens! Is it you, Helen? You've become so pretty! And
you look the very picture of health.
HELEN: It's after my vacation. You look very well, too. Where did you go? To your grand-
parents?
VICTOR: No. I travelled again. You know I'm fond of travelling, don't you?
HELEN: So you travelled! What was it like? Did you travel by train or by bus?
10
