Table Of ContentYukitaka Kato · Michihisa Koyama
Yasuhiro Fukushima · Takao Nakagaki
Editors
Energy
Technology
Roadmaps of
Japan
Future Energy Systems Based on
Feasible Technologies Beyond 2030
Energy Technology Roadmaps of Japan
ThiSisaFMBlankPage
Yukitaka Kato (cid:129) Michihisa Koyama (cid:129)
Yasuhiro Fukushima (cid:129) Takao Nakagaki
Editors
Energy Technology
Roadmaps of Japan
Future Energy Systems Based on Feasible
Technologies Beyond 2030
Editors
YukitakaKato MichihisaKoyama
TokyoInstituteofTechnology KyushuUniversity
Tokyo,Japan Fukuoka,Japan
YasuhiroFukushima TakaoNakagaki
TohokuUniversity WasedaUniversity
Sendai,Japan Tokyo,Japan
ISBN978-4-431-55949-8 ISBN978-4-431-55951-1 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-4-431-55951-1
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016938072
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Foreword
TheSociety ofChemicalEngineers,Japan (SCEJ)will celebrate its80th anniver-
sary in 2016. The SCEJ is devoted to the development of Japanese industry and
society through technological developments based on chemical engineering.
Recenthumansocietieshaveexperienceddrasticchangesinlifestyle,socialstruc-
ture,andtheglobalenvironment.Withsuchchange,itisexpectedthatqualitative
transfiguration of chemical engineering technologies will be required to support
future industrial production and material and energy consumption in society. The
SCEJ has continued to foster new developments based on the VISION2023 pro-
posal. Following VISION2023, the Committee on Future Energy and Social Sys-
tems (FUENSS), SCEJ Center for Strategic Planning, planned a project toward
publication of a book envisioning future energy systems for Japan, based on
chemicalengineeringknowledge.Thisbookresultedfromthatplan,withacademic
andindustrialresearchersgivenfullsupportbytheSCEJ.
The energy system is a basic infrastructure for social activities. Research sub-
jectsforenergysystemsrangefromprimaryenergysuppliestoenergyconsumption
towastemanagement.Innovativetechnologiesarerequirednotonlyinenergyand
material conversion processes but also in carbon dioxide emission mitigation and
radioactive waste management associated with the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear
powerplantaccidentof2011.
Development of innovative technologies is needed to improve conventional
methods. These technologies should also be optimized for local consumers, with
minimizedriskandtechnologicalrobustness.Infutureenergysystems,renewable
energyresourcesshouldbefullyutilizedandconsumptionofhigh-densityconven-
tionalenergyresourcesminimized.Publicacceptanceismandatoryforachoiceof
technologyoptions.
Chemical engineering can overview relational energy systems, find the proper
control step in the system, and adapt optimized technologies to it. Chemical
engineering has great potential for solving problems during the establishment of
futureenergysystems.
v
vi Foreword
It is difficult to solve such problems solely through personal effort, so cooper-
ation between researchers in different fields will be required. This book proposes
potential technological options derived from discussions based on chemical engi-
neeringstandpoints,withstrongcooperationbetweendiverseresearchersinbroad
fields.TheassociatedtechnologiesarelargelytreatedinrelationtoJapanbutmay
be applicable worldwide. I hope that the technologies proposed in this book are
usefulcontributionstowardthedevelopmentoffutureenergysocieties.
President,TheSocietyofChemicalEngineers, KazuhiroMae
Tokyo,Japan
Preface
Japanhastheworld’sthirdlargestGDPand,fortunately,hasexperiencedeconomic
prosperity inrecent decades. Because the country has few fossil resources, indus-
tries have efficiently imported raw materials and offered industrial products with
high value and low cost. Japan has been successful through such industrial activ-
ities.However,stableresourceimportspresentarisk,andthecountryhasattempted
to reduce this risk. Very efficient use of these imports and saving of resource
consumption have been achieved, such that Japan has the most efficient energy
utilizationintheworld.
Outlooks and discussion on Japan’s future energy system are important for
establishment of a bright future society, because the country needs to overcome
risks to the supply of energy. Energy technology developments are keys to this
energysystem. These technologies have great diversity and numerousaspects,and
eachcitizenhasanopiniononfutureenergysystems.Chemicalengineeringhasthe
potential to quantitatively give an overview and analyze and optimize complex
energysystems.AgroupintheDivisionofEnergyEngineering,SocietyofChemical
Engineers, Japan (SCEJ) has reviewed future energy systems based on chemical
engineeringperspectives.Booksdiscussingthepotentialofenergytechnologiesand
proposalsforafutureJapaneseenergysocietybasedonthisreviewwerepublishedas
afirsteditionin2005[1,2]andsecondeditionin2010[3].
Followingpublicationofthesecondedition,JapansufferedtheGreatEastJapan
Earthquakeon11March2011.Thiscaused adrastic changeinitsenergysystem.
The“UrgentProposalforEnergyCrisisinEastJapanAftertheGreatEarthquake”
[4]wassubmittedbysecond-editiongroupmembersinMarch2011.Thiswasthe
firstproposalonsustainableandfeasibleenergysupplyanddemandforovercoming
the crisis. This was followed by several other proposals from researchers and
academic societies. The Temporary Committee for Urgent Proposals for Energy
Systems After the Great East Japan Earthquake, SCEJ, organized in April 2011,
continued with proposal improvement and publicity. The Committee on Future
Energy and Social Systems (FUENSS), Center for Strategic Planning, SCEJ, was
vii
viii Preface
formally established for taking over the Temporary Committee and subsequent
discussionsonfutureenergysystemsin2012.
ThisbookwasplannedasanactivityofFUENSSandrepresentsthethirdedition
of the books. People were able to overcome difficult social situations after the
earthquake if they had hope. This book was designed to review the potential of
Japaneseenergytechnologiesbeyond2030,towardestablishmentofabrightfuture
societyinthecountry.ReducingenergyandmaterialconsumptionandCO emis-
2
sion mitigation are key global topics for future societies. High-quality industrial
technologies and methods cultivated from Japanese industrial developments have
greatpotentialtosolvecurrentproblems.
Nevertheless, the digitization of products has promoted their commoditization,
andithasbecomeeasyfornewcompaniestoentertheglobalmarket.Thus,Japanis
losing its global market for commodities such as home electric appliances. How-
ever,thecountryhasauniquemanufacturingmethodcalledSuriawaseorGijyutu-
no-Suriawase (optimized integration betweenrelatedtechnologies), and itsindus-
tries retain a large market share throughout the world, especially among material
industries[5,6].Suriawaseisharmonizedmatchingbetweenproductionprocesses,
from raw materials, components, and equipment to final products, through strong
mutualcommunicationandcooperationbetweenresearchers,engineers,andorga-
nizations. The value of final industrial products can be improved to world-leader
statusthroughcostreduction,applyingharmonizedadjustmentsbetweenprocesses
basedonSuriawase.Suriawaseeffortsbyresearchersandengineershaveachieved
high-quality industrial products, as typified by robust and low-cost automobiles,
high-quality and stable electricity supply infrastructure, punctual train operation,
andothers.
Suriawase shows mutual cooperation and improvement achieved by people
related to production processes, and have great potential for social contribution,
althoughtheabilityofindividualsislimited.Inthisbook,thesubjectisconfinedto
Japan for clear evaluation of the quantitative potential of energy technologies.
However,thesetechnologiescanbeusedglobally.Alltheauthorshopethatthese
technologies contribute globally, via mutual cooperation based on the Suriawase
approach.
ThisworkwassupportedbytheSocietyofChemicalEngineers,Japan(SCEJ),
MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number 26285080, and the Environment Research and
Technology Development Fund of 2011, No. RFe-11T1, Department of the Envi-
ronment,Japan.Onbehalfoftheeditorsandauthors,IamgreatlyindebtedtoProf.
Ian S. Metcalfe, Newcastle University, UK, for his comprehensive review and
effective comments on the book, and to all supporting individuals for their kind
assistance.
TokyoInstituteofTechnology,Tokyo,Japan YukitakaKato
Preface ix
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3. Kato Y, Yasunaga T, Kashiwagi (eds) (2010) HONEBUTO energy road map, 2nd edn
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