Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery: Endocrine, Neuro-Ophthalmologic, and Surgical Management

385 Pages·2011·19.21 MB·English

by  Theodore H. Schwartz

Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery
Endocrine, Neuro-Ophthalmologic,
and Surgical Management
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THM_Schwartz_FM.indd ii Manila Typesetting Company 08/06/2011 03:02AM
Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery
Endocrine, Neuro-Ophthalmologic,
and Surgical Management
Theodore H. Schwartz, MD, FACS
Professor
Departments of Neurological Surgery,
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,
and Neurology and Neuroscience
Weill Cornell Medical College
Attending Neurosurgeon
Department of Neurological Surgery
New York–Presbyterian Hospital
New York, New York
Vijay K. Anand, MD, FACS
Clinical Professor
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York–Presbyterian Hospital
New York, New York
Thieme
New York • Stuttgart
American Association of Neurosurgeons
Rolling Meadows, Illinois
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Thieme Publishers, Inc. American Association of Neurosurgeons (AANS)*
333 Seventh Ave. 5550 Meadowbrook Drive
New York, NY 10001 Rolling Meadows, Illinois 60008-3852
*The abbreviation AANS refers to both the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and the American Association of Neurosurgeons.
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Managing Editor: Lauren Henry
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Endoscopic pituitary surgery endocrine, neuro-ophthalmologic, and surgical management / [edited by] Theodore H. Schwartz, Vijay K.
Anand.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60406-347-9 (alk. paper)
1. Pituitary gland–Endoscopic surgery. I. Schwartz, Theodore H. II. Anand, Vijay K., 1951-
[DNLM: 1. Pituitary Diseases–surgery. 2. Endoscopy–methods. 3. Pituitary Gland–surgery. WK 590]
RD599.5.P58E53 2010
617.4’40597--dc22
2010054493
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Printed in China
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ISBN 978-1-60406-347-9
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This book is dedicated to our patients, who have entrusted us with their health and with-
out whom this work would not be possible. We would also like to dedicate this book to
our wives, Nancy and Nanda, who have stood by our sides all along the way, providing us
with unending support.
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Contents
Continuing Medical Education Credit Information and Objectives ............................................................................................xi
Continuing Medical Education Disclosure ......................................................................................................................................xiii
Historical Perspective .............................................................................................................................................................................xv
Foreword ................................................................................................................................................................................................xvii
Preface .......................................................................................................................................................................................................xix
Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................................................................................................xx
Contributors ............................................................................................................................................................................................xxi
1 History of Pituitary Surgery ..............................................................................................................................................................1
Edward R. Laws Jr.
2 Anatomy of the Pituitary Gland and Parasellar Region .............................................................................................................9
Ameet Singh, Jonathan Roth, Vijay K. Anand, and Theodore H. Schwartz
3 Endoscopic Equipment .....................................................................................................................................................................23
Paolo Cappabianca, Luigi M. Cavallo, Felice Esposito, and Matteo G. De Notaris
4 Preoperative Endocrine Evaluation ..............................................................................................................................................34
John C. Ausiello and Pamela U. Freda
5 Radiographic Evaluation of Pituitary Tumors ............................................................................................................................43
Prashant Raghavan and C. Douglas Phillips
6 Indications for Surgery on Pituitary Tumors: An Endocrinologist’s Perspective ..............................................................62
David L. Kleinberg and Pietro Ameri
7 Indications for Surgery on Pituitary Tumors: A Neurosurgeon’s Perspective ...................................................................69
Rudolf Fahlbusch and Vincenzo Paternó
8 Histology of Pituitary Tumors ........................................................................................................................................................76
Theresa Scognamiglio and Ehud Lavi
9 Prolactinomas and Apoplexy ..........................................................................................................................................................87
Jeroen R. Coppens and William T. Couldwell
10 Acromegaly ..........................................................................................................................................................................................97
Brian J. Snyder and Kalmon D. Post
11 Cushing’s Disease ............................................................................................................................................................................109
Charles A. Sansur, Stephen J. Monteith, and Edward H. Oldfield
vii
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viii viii Contents
12 Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Tumors ...................................................................................................................................119
Stephen J. Monteith, Jonathan H. Sherman, John A. Jane Jr., and Edward R. Laws Jr.
13 Clinical Management of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas ..........................................................................................126
Gabriel Zada, Jeroen R. Coppens, William T. Couldwell, and Martin H. Weiss
14 Neuro-Ophthalmologic Considerations ...................................................................................................................................132
Jacqueline M. S. Winterkorn, Richard L. Levy, and Marc J. Dinkin
15 Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach to the Sella ..............................................................................................................146
Lewis Z. Leng, Vijay K. Anand, and Theodore H. Schwartz
16 Clinical Pearls in Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery: A Neurosurgeon’s Perspective ...........................................................161
Paolo Cappabianca, Felice Esposito, Luigi M. Cavallo, and Isabella Esposito
17 Clinical Pearls in Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery: An Otolaryngologist’s Perspective ...................................................168
Dharambir S. Sethi and Beng Ti Ang
18 Virtual Endoscopy in Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery .............................................................................................................181
Stefan Wolfsberger and André Neubauer
19 3D Stereoendoscopic Pituitary Surgery ...................................................................................................................................195
Seth Brown, Vijay K. Anand, Jonathan Roth, and Theodore H. Schwartz
20 Endoscope-Assisted Transsphenoidal Surgery .......................................................................................................................202
Joshua R. Dusick, Manoel de Paiva Neto, Nasrin Fatemi, and Daniel F. Kelly
21 Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery in the Cavernous Sinus .........................................................................................................212
Giorgio Frank and Ernesto Pasquini
22 Microscopic versus Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery ................................................................................227
Jonathan H. Sherman, Stephen J. Monteith, Edward R. Laws Jr., and John A. Jane Jr.
23 Microscopic and Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery:
A Reasoned and Balanced Dialectic ...........................................................................................................................................237
Nathan C. Rowland, Ammara Abbasi, David V. LaBorde, and Nelson M. Oyesiku
24 Extended Endonasal, Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach versus Craniotomy for
Giant Pituitary Macroadenomas ................................................................................................................................................248
Christoph P. Hofstetter, Yaron Moshel, Michael Nanaszko, Vijay K. Anand, and Theodore H. Schwartz
25 Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Fractionated Radiation for Pituitary Tumors................................................................262
Bruce E. Pollock and Paul D. Brown
26 Atypical Adenoma, Pituitary Carcinoma, and the Role of Chemotherapy in the Management
of Refractory Pituitary Adenoma...............................................................................................................................................272
Tannaz Moin, William H. Yong, and Anthony Heaney
27 The Utility of Intraoperative MRI in Pituitary Surgery ........................................................................................................283
Rudolf Fahlbusch and Vincenzo Paternó
28 Limited Utility of Intraoperative MRI in Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery ..........................................................................295
Ilya Laufer, Vijay K. Anand, and Theodore H. Schwartz
29 The Role of Stereotactic Navigation in Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery ..............................................................................305
Abtin Tabaee, Vijay K. Anand, and Theodore H. Schwartz
30 Anesthesia Considerations .........................................................................................................................................................313
Patricia Fogarty Mack
31 Managing Postoperative Sinusitis ..............................................................................................................................................321
Ameet Singh, Madeleine R. Schaberg, Gurston G. Nyquist, and Vijay K. Anand
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Contents ix ix
32 Managing Carotid Injury During Transsphenoidal Surgery ................................................................................................328
Jared Knopman, Athos Patsalides, Y. Pierre Gobin, and Howard A. Riina
33 Managing Postoperative CSF leak ..............................................................................................................................................335
Paul A. Gardner, Carl Snyderman, and Juan Fernandez-Miranda
34 Postoperative and Neurocritical Care Management of Patients after Endonasal Endoscopic
Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery ...........................................................................................................................................340
Jeffrey P. Greenfield and Theodore H. Schwartz
Index ........................................................................................................................................................................................................348
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