Table Of ContentPROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
109(4), 2007. pp. 868-871
ENDOBIA DONACIS ERDOS (HYMENOPTERA: EURYTOMIDAE) NEWLY
REPORTED FROM THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE, AND A REVIEW OF
THE GENUS
M. W. Gates and David. R. Smith
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U. S.
Department of Agriculture, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian
Institution, P. O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-mail:
[email protected]; [email protected])
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Abstract. The distribution of Endobia Erdos (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae),
containing the nominal taxa E. donacis Erdos and E. indica Mani and Kaul, is
reviewed. Endobia donacis is reported for the first time from the Western Hemisphere
(Fairfax Co., Virginia, USA). This species is discussed and its host associations
summarized. Endobia indica is synonymized with E. donacis (n. syn.).
Key Words: Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae, Endobia, new record, new
synonymy. Western Hemisphere
The genus Endobia Erdos is known recorded as having been received. Col-
from two species, E. donacis Erdos leagues in various institutions in India
(Fig. 1; Erdos 1964) and E. indica (Mani (University of Calicut [Kerala] and St.
and Kaul) (Mani et al. 1974), found in John's College [Agra]) have had no
the Mediterranean Basin, southeastern success in locating this specimen. The
USNM
Asia, and the Indian subcontinent (Bou- two paratypes deposited in the
cek 1983). No definitive host records bear a Boucek identification label that
have been reported for this genus, only reads "$ Endobia donacis Erdos, det. Z.
host associations as recorded in the Boucek 1986." Given that Boucek (1983)
specific treatment below. does not mention this material as part of
Endobia indica, known from India, his treatment of this genus and that it
was initially described in Isosoma Walk- was not transferred to Endobia until
er, later transferred to Tetramesa Walker 1994, we suspect that he discovered the
(Farooqi and Subba Rao 1986), and specific synonymy and simply never
finally to Endobia from Tetramesa (Nar- published this information.
endran 1994). The holotype was sup- The type species, E. donacis, is known
posed to be deposited in the National from southern France, southern India,
Museum of Natural History, Smithso- Burma, and Thailand (Boucek 1983).
nian Institution (USNM). However, only This species was originally described
two co-mounted cotypes, mislabeled as from southern France where it has been
"Holotype," were found in the type associated with dry stems of the giant
collection. Examination of the Smithso- reed Arundo donax L. (Cyperales: Poa-
nian Institution's Department of Ento- ceae) and a eurytomid feeding on its
mology accession records in its museum stems, Tetramesa romana (Walker) (Er-
catalog indicate that only a holotype is dos 1964). Endobia donacis was thought
VOLUME NUMBER
109, 4 869
V
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Fig. 1. Endobia donacis, female habitus.
to have been introduced through the Narendran's (1994) redescription of
activities of man to the Mediterranean Endobia donacis and, presumably, his
K
Basin from its native range in southern key separating it from indica, are
Asia (Boucek 1983). It remains possible based on a plesiotype ofE. donacis from
that this species is native to both the India, rather than material from the type
Mediterranean basin and the Indian locality in France or the type specimen.
subcontinent (Delvare, personal commu- After examination ofthe paratypes ofE.
nication). Records reported by Boucek indica, our measurements indicate that
(1983) indicate that possible hosts are the postmarginal vein is longer than the
bostrichid beetles, possibly Dinoderus stigmal vein (28:18), the postmarginal
minutus F. or D. brevis Horn. Both of vein isjust shorter than the marginal vein
these bostrichids commonly attack vari- (28:30), and the funicle possesses five
ous bamboos and are widely distributed segments. This information contradicts
throughout southern Asia, the Pacific all of the characters used to separate the
Basin, and have been introduced numer- two species offered by Narendran (1994).
ous times in the New World (Fisher Narendran reported that, after examin-
1950). Further, D. minutus has been ing the USNM's "holotype" of£". indica,
intercepted in stems of A. donax and it possessed a postmarginal vein distinct-
the reported host range of D. brevis ly shorter than the marginal vein, a stig-
indicates that A. donax may be an mal vein that was as long as the
acceptable host (Fisher 1950). postmarginal vein, and six funicular
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870 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
segments. He indicated he examined the and adjacent lots where E. donacis was
holotype from the USNM. Ifthis is true, collected are relatively well maintained
then he measured the same specimens we and landscaped with gardens and various
have studied. After examining paratype ornamental plants and shrubs. Within
m
material of E. indica and the holotype of 7 of the trap is a woodpile consisting
E. donacis, we consider the former of maple {Acer spp.; Sapindaceae), red-
a junior subjective synonym of the latter bud {Cercis canadensis L.; Fabaceae),
(n. syn.). dogwood {Cornus spp.; Cornaceae), and
Diagnosis. Endobia is readily sepa- pine {Pinus spp.; Pinaceae) in various
rated from other Nearctic genera of stages of decay. Silver maples {Acer
Eurytomidae by first funicular ~3X saccharinum L.), a holly bush {Ilex sp.,
length second funicular, chalice-shaped; Aquifoliaceae), cherry trees {Prunus ser-
pro- and metafemora enlarged, approx- otina Ehrh., Rosaceae), dogwood {Cor-
imately 2.5 and 2.1X as long as broad, nus spp.), and forsythia {Forsytliia sp.,
respectively; propodeum finely sculp- Oleaceae) also grow in the immediate
tured and biconvex, convexities separat- vicinity of the trap (38°50'N, 77°12'W).
ed medially by complete, deep median Various grasses, ferns, and weeds also
furrow. In the key to genera of Eur- grow next to the trap. A planting of
ytomidae in the Nearctic (DiGiulio bamboo, growing approximately 25 m
1997), Endobia keys to the second half uphill from the trap location, is infested
of couplet 9 with Tetrainesa. The afore- with boringinsectsand serves as a nesting
mentioned diagnostics serve to separate substrate for other arthropods. The
Endobia from Tetraniesa as the latter bamboo has been identified as Pseudo-
&
never possesses a chalice-shaped first sasajaponica (Siebold Zucc. ex Steud.)
funicular, enlarged pro- and metafe- Makino ex Nakai (Poaceae) and has
mora, or distinctly biconvex—propodeum. occupied its presentMloWcaGtion since before
First New World record. The newly 1965. During 2006, caged approx-
discovered specimens reported in this imately 150 infested stems ofP. japonica^
paper represent the first Western Hemi- 75 from each of two collection events in
sphere record of Endobia donacis. Only April and August, to determine if En-
seven specimens have been collected, but dobia was present. Unfortunately, no
they correspond well with the cotypes, specimens emerged from the samples. A
although there is some color variation specimen of P. japonica (voucher:
ranging from medium to very dark MWG-bamboo; SI Accession # US-
brown. Two females were first recovered 3459116) has been deposited in the
in August 2005 and five additional Smithsonian Institution Herbarium.
females were taken in July-August 2006
Acknowledgments
from a Malaise trap located in the
backyard of one of us (DRS) in a sub- We thank Paul Peterson (Department
urban residential neighborhood in east- of Botany, National Museum ofNatural
ern Fairfax County, Virginia. The Ma- History [USNM], Smithsonian Institu-
laise trap has been used in the same spot tion) for identifying the bamboo and
every year since 1980 and is emptied assisting us in accessioning the plant
weekly from the end of February sample. Csosz Sandor at the Hungarian
through the end of October. Natural History Museum secured the
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Habitat and hosts. The subdivision. loan of the Endobia holotype. Thanks
Holmes Run Acres, is located < 1/4 mile also are given to Natalia Vandenberg
east of the Gallows Road (Rt. 650) and (Systematic Entomology Laboratory
the Interstate 495 interchange. The yard [SEL], ARS, USDA, c/o USNM) for
VOLUME NUMBER
109, 4 871
discussions of potential host beetle dis- Farooqi, S. I. and B. R. Subba Rao. 1986. Family
tributions. M. G. Pogue (SEL), T.J. Eurytomidae,pp.247-258.InSubbaRao,B.R.
Henry (SEL), and E. E. Grissell (SEL, and M. Hayat, eds. The Chalcidoidea (Insecta:
Hymenoptera) of India and the adjacent
retired) provided comments on the man-
countries. Oriental Insects 20: pp. 1-430.
uscript and made suggestions for its Fisher, W. S. 1950. A revision of the North
improvement. American species of beetles belonging to the
family Bostrichidae. U.S. Department of Ag-
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tera). Entomologica Scandinavica 14: 186-194. new records of some known Chalcidoidea
DiGiulio,J. 1997.FamilyEurytomidae,pp.477-495. (Hymenoptera) from India. Memoirs of the
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