Encyclopedia of the History of Classical Archaeology

1330 Pages·1997·13.94 MB·English

by  Nancy Thomson de Grummond

An Encyclopedia
of the History of
Classical Archaeology
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An Encyclopedia
of the History
of Classical Archaeology
Edited by
Nancy Thomson de Grummond
~~ ~~~~~;n~~:up
LONDON AND NEW YORK
Copyright © 1996 by Nancy Thomson de Grummond
All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.
For information, write to:
Published by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, 0X14 4RN
270 Madison Ave, New York NY 10016
Transferred to Digital Printing 2011
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Encyclopedia of the history of classical archaeology
1. Classical antiquities—Encyclopedias
I. De Grummond, Nancy Thomson
937’.003
ISBN 1-884964 80 X (set)
1-884964-78-8 (vol.l)
1-884964-79-6 (vol.2)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.
First published in the U.K. and U.S.A., 1996
The paper used in this book complies with the
Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National
Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984).
Publisher’s Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint
but points out that some imperfections in the original may be apparent.
In memory of
Louise Ponder Thomson (1913-1994)
and
Alfred Valerie Thomson (1913-1993)
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Contents
Preface ix
Bibliographical Abbreviations xix
THE ENCYCLOPEDIA 1
Chronology of the History of Classical Archaeology 1213
Select Bibliography 1227
Joann McDaniel
Index 1233
About the Contributors 1307
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Preface
I entered upon it, as one does on a country newly discovered; without
any paths made and generally much embarrassed. Had any work of this
kind been published ... I certainly could have made this much more perfect,
with extremely less pains; whereas all I can beg for it now is, that the
difficulty of making one’s way almost everywhere, may be duly considered;
and that the many imperfections and errors which that must occasion, may
meet with the indulgence that the case deserves.
—J. Spence, Introduction to Polymetis (1747)
Since this is the first time an encyclopedia of the history of classical archaeology
has been prepared, it is appropriate to begin by describing the scope and meth­
odology of the work. It is necessary to explain first what is understood by
“classical archaeology.” The expression is used here to mean basically the study
of the visual remains of the ancient classical lands, Greece and Italy. Greek and
Roman material is central; but also included here are the prehistoric or proto-
historical cultures of the Bronze Age Aegean and of the Etruscans, which have
a relationship of continuity and overlapping with the succeeding cultures in
Greece and Italy, respectively, and the study of which is often inseparable from
the historical Greek and Roman periods. Also included are manifestations of
these cultures outside Italy and Greece proper; in France, for example, Roman
arches, amphitheaters and aqueducts that were known, reused, admired and stud­
ied are of significance for the history of the study of classical remains. Greek
temples and sites in Asia Minor were noted from the fifteenth century, and the
story of their systematic recovery and study in the nineteenth century constitutes
an important chapter in the history of archaeology. But other related archaeo­
logical spheres—Egyptian, Near Eastern, Phoenician, Celtic, Scythian, and New
World—are referred to only in passing, for to treat these fully would have meant
to write a very different book.