Table Of ContentENCYCLOPEDIA OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL 
GOVERNANCE AND POLITICS
Encyclopedia of Global 
Environmental Governance and 
Politics
Edited by
Philipp H. Pattberg
Professor, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
and
Fariborz Zelli
Associate Professor, Lund University, Sweden
Cheltenham, UK • Northampton, MA, USA
© Philipp H. Pattberg and Fariborz Zelli 2015
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or 
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying, recording, or 
otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.
Published by
Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
The Lypiatts
15 Lansdown Road
Cheltenham
Glos GL50 2JA
UK
Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc.
William Pratt House
9 Dewey Court
Northampton
Massachusetts 01060
USA
A catalogue record for this book
is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015940685
This book is available electronically in the 
Social and Political Science subject collection
DOI 10.4337/9781782545798
ISBN 978 1 78254 578 1 (cased)
ISBN 978 1 78254 579 8 (eBook)
Typeset by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire
6
0
Contents
Alphabetical list of entries  x
List of figures and tables  xiv
List of editors and contributors  xv
Preface  xxx
PART I  CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
 1  Anthropocene and planetary boundaries  3
  Victor Galaz
 2  Consumerism  9
  Jane Lister
 3  Earth system governance  16
  Frank Biermann
 4  Environment and nature  22
  Paul Wapner
 5  Global environmental governance  28
  Philipp Pattberg and Oscar Widerberg
 6  Inclusive development  35
  Joyeeta Gupta, Vincent Cornelissen and Mirjam A.F. Ros-T  onen
 7  Liberal environmentalism and governance norms  45
  Steven Bernstein
 8  Risk  53
  Ortwin Renn
 9  Sustainable development  61
  Joyeeta Gupta and Isa Baud
PART II  THEORIES AND METHODS
10  Constructivism and sociological institutionalism  73
  Gerry Nagtzaam
11  Cost- benefit analysis  81
  Simon Dietz
12  Deep ecology  88
  Kate Booth
13  Deliberative policy analysis  96
  Hayley Stevenson
v
vi  Contents
14  Feminism  104
  Annica Kronsell
15  Governmentality  111
  Delf Rothe
16  Integrated assessment modeling  119
  Detlef van Vuuren and Marcel Kok
17  Neo- Gramscianism  127
  Chukwumerije Okereke
18  Neoliberal institutionalism  134
  Thijs Van de Graaf
19  Qualitative comparative analysis  141
  Olav Schram Stokke and Arild Underdal
20  Quantitative comparative analysis  148
  Sijeong Lim and Aseem Prakash
21  Simulations  156
  Walter F. Baber and Robert V. Bartlett
22  Teaching global environmental governance  161
  Maria Ivanova
23  World society  175
  David John Frank, Ann Hironaka and Evan Schofer
PART III  ACTORS
24  Civil society  185
  Karin Bäckstrand
25  European Union  192
  Camilla Adelle, David Benson and Andrew Jordan
26  Individuals  200
  Tom Oliver
27  International bureaucracies  206
  Bernd Siebenhüner
28  Media  213
  Marija Isailovic
29  Private sector  218
  Jonatan Pinkse
30  Religious movements  225
  Randolph Haluza- DeLay
Contents  vii
31  Scientists and experts  234
  Silke Beck
32  States  240
  Daniel Compagnon
33  United Nations  248
  Liliana Andonova and Kathryn Chelminski
PART IV  INSTITUTIONS
34  Clubs  261
  Sylvia Karlsson- Vinkhuyzen
35  International organizations  269
  Steffen Bauer
36  Mega- conferences  275
  Sander Chan
37  Private environmental governance  281
  Philipp Pattberg and Marija Isailovic
38  Public–private partnerships  289
  Ayşem Mert
39  Regimes  295
  Eleni Dellas
PART V  ISSUE AREAS
40  Air pollution  307
  Jørgen Wettestad
41  Arctic  315
  Oscar Widerberg
42  Biological diversity  322
  Kristin Rosendal and Morten Walløe Tvedt
43  Biosafety and genetically modified organisms  329
  Aarti Gupta
44  Chemicals  338
  Nils Simon
45  Climate change  347
  Pier Vellinga
46  Desertification  356
  Steffen Bauer
47  Fisheries and whaling  364
  Olav Schram Stokke
viii   Contents
48  Forestry  373
  Tobias Nielsen
49  Hazardous waste  380
  Katja Biedenkopf
50  Ocean space  388
  Jan Stel
51  Ozone depletion  398
  Sophie Godin- Beekmann
52  Phosphorus  404
  Dana Cordell and Stuart White
53  Renewable energy  416
  Kacper Szulecki
54  Water  422
  Erika Weinthal
55  Wetlands  431
  Kenneth Genskow and Kyle Magyera
PART VI  CROSS- CUTTING QUESTIONS AND EMERGING TOPICS
56  Effectiveness  441
  Steinar Andresen
57  Environmental policy diffusion  447
  Per- Olof Busch
58  Environmental policy integration  454
  Camilla Adelle and Måns Nilsson
59  Green economy  461
  Ulrich Brand and Miriam Lang
60  Institutional fragmentation  469
  Fariborz Zelli
61  Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals  478
  Marianne Beisheim
62  Orchestration  487
  Kenneth W. Abbott
PART VII  BORDERS AND INTERLINKAGES
63  Agriculture  499
  Dominic Moran
64  Food  504
  Jennifer Clapp
Contents  ix
65  Health  512
  Kristina Jönsson
66  Poverty  519
  Anne Jerneck and Lennart Olsson
67  Security  528
  Rita Floyd
68  Trade  534
  Robyn Eckersley
Index  545
Alphabetical list of entries
Chapter Author Nr Section Page
Agriculture Dominic Moran 63 Part VII Borders and  499
Interlinkages
Air pollution Jørgen Wettestad 40 Part V Issue Areas 307
Anthropocene and  Victor Galaz 1 Part I Concepts and  3
planetary boundaries Definitions
Arctic Oscar Widerberg 41 Part V Issue Areas 315
Biological diversity Kristin Rosendal and   42 Part V Issue Areas 322
Morten Walløe Tvedt
Biosafety and genetically  Aarti Gupta 43 Part V Issue Areas 329
modified organisms
Chemicals Nils Simon 44 Part V Issue Areas 338
Civil society Karin Bäckstrand 24 Part III Actors 185
Climate change Pier Vellinga 45 Part V Issue Areas 347
Clubs Sylvia  34 Part IV Institutions 261
Karlsson- Vinkhuyzen
Constructivism  Gerry Nagtzaam 10 Part II Theories and  73
and sociological  Methods
institutionalism
Consumerism Jane Lister 2 Part I Concepts and  9
Definitions
Cost- benefit analysis Simon Dietz 11 Part II Theories and  81
Methods
Deep ecology Kate Booth 12 Part II Theories and  88
Methods
Deliberative policy  Hayley Stevenson 13 Part II Theories and  96
analysis Methods
Desertification Steffen Bauer 46 Part V Issue Areas 356
Earth system governance Frank Biermann 3 Part I Concepts and  16
Definitions
Effectiveness  Steinar Andresen 56 Part VI Cross- Cutting  441
Questions and Emerging 
Topics
Environment and nature Paul Wapner 4 Part I Concepts and  22
Definitions
x