Table Of ContentE n c y c l o p e d i a o f
Criminal Justice
Ethics
E n c y c l o p e d i a o f
Criminal Justice
Ethics
VOLUME 1
Bruce A. Arrigo
EDITOR
University of North Carolina, Charlotte
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SAGE Publications Ltd.
Encyclopedia of criminal justice ethics / Bruce A. Arrigo,
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University of North Carolina, Charlotte, editor.
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volumes ; cm
London EC1Y 1SP
Includes bibliographical references and index.
United Kingdom
ISBN 978-1-4522-7411-9 (hardcover : alk. paper)
SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd. 1. Criminal justice, Administration of--Moral and ethical
3 Church Street aspects--Encyclopedias. I. Arrigo, Bruce A., editor.
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Indexer: J S Editorial 14 15 16 17 18 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Volume 1
List of Articles vii
Reader’s Guide xiii
About the Editor xviii
List of Contributors xix
Introduction xxv
Chronology xxxi
Articles
A 1 F 355
B 51 G 377
C 75 H 409
D 231 I 451
E 317 J 501
Volume 2
List of Articles vii
Articles
K 541 S 823
L 549 T 925
M 563 U 949
N 609 V 967
O 631 W 1007
P 639 Z 1041
R 769
Glossary 1045
Resource Guide 1051
Appendix A: Federal Bureau of Investigation Law Enforcement Bulletin: “Focus on Ethics” 1058
Appendix B: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, “Capital Punishment 2012” 1063
Appendix C: International Criminal Court, “Code of Judicial Ethics” 1082
Index 1089
Photo Credits 1158
List of Articles
A Border Patrol
Abortion Brutalization Hypothesis
Absolutism, Ethical
Abu Ghraib Prison C
Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Capital Punishment
Code of Ethics Castration of Sex Offenders
Accountability Causality
Age of Criminal Responsibility Child Abuse and Neglect
Alternative Dispute Resolution Choice and Action (Actus Reus)
Altruism Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
American Civil Liberties Union Citizenship
Amnesty International Civil Commitment
Animal Rights, Welfare, and Abuse Civil Disobedience, History of
Antiterrorism and Counterterrorism Class
Apartheid Clemency
Apartheid, Petit Closed-Circuit Television
Aristotle Codes of Conduct
Arrest Practices Codes of Conduct, Corrections
Atkins v. Virginia Codes of Conduct, Police
At-Risk Youth Collateral Consequences and Felony Convictions
Attorneys Collective Efficacy and Crime
Commonsense Justice
B Communitarianism
Bail Community
Battered Woman Syndrome as Defense Community Policing
Beccaria, Cesare Competency Restoration and Execution
Bentham, Jeremy Competency to Stand Trial
Biometrics and Identification Compstat
Blue Wall of Silence Computer Matching Technology
Boot Camps Confessions, Coerced
vii
viii List of Articles
Conscience as Internal Sanction Divine Command Theory
Conscientious Objection DNA Lab Accountability
Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Double Jeopardy
Education DREAM Act
Corporate Crime Drones, Police Use of
Corporate Violence Drug Enforcement
Corruption of Institutional Authority Drug Legalization
Crime Due Process Rights of Prisoners
Crimes Against Humanity DUI Penalties
Criminal Informants Duress and Coercion
Criminal Justice Ethics Duties
Criminal Profiling
Criminal Responsibility E
Criminology, Convict Early Release
Criminology, Critical Education, Continuing Legal
Criminology, Cultural Egoism and Self-Interest, Ethical
Criminology, Ultramodern Egoism and Self-Interest, Psychological
Criminology and Research Ethics Elder Abuse
Critical Incident Debriefing Electronic Monitoring Devices
Critical Pedagogy Elite Deviance
Cruel and Unusual Punishment Empathy
Culture Entrapment
Custodial Use of Force Ethnocentrism
Cyberbullying Euthanasia
Cyberpornography Evidence
Cyberstalking Exclusionary Rule
Cyberterrorism Excuses in Law
Expert Testimony
D Eyewitness Testimony
D.A.R.E.
Date Rape F
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Flag Burning
Death Row Florida v. Powell
Deception Forensic Hospitals, Maximum Security
Deceptive Interrogation Forensic Science
Decriminalization Forgiveness
Deleuze, Gilles Foucault, Michel
Demonology Free Will
Determinate and Indeterminate Sentencing Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Determinism
Deterrence G
Deviance Gambling
Digital Crime and Security Gang Subculture
Digital Evidence and Crime Scene Gender
Investigation Genocide
Dignity Gilligan, Carol. See Noddings, Nel, and
Dirty Harry Problem Carol Gilligan
Discretion Globalization
Discrimination Governmentality
Distributive Justice Graham v. Florida
List of Articles ix
Green Criminology Justifications in Law
Guilt, Legal Juvenile Detention Facilities
Guilt as Internal Sanction Juvenile Gangs and Delinquency
Gun Violence Juvenile Sentencing
Juveniles: Waiver or Transfer to
H Adult Court
Habeas Corpus Juveniles in Adult Courts
Habermas, Jürgen Juveniles in Adult Jails
Harm Principle
Harms of Reduction and Repression K
Hate Speech Kansas v. Hendricks
Hedonism Kant, Immanuel
Hegemony Knowledge
Heidegger, Martin Kohlberg, Lawrence
High-Profile Cases and “Justice for Sale”
Hobbes, Thomas L
Hostage Negotiations Lacan, Jacques
Human Rights Lawrence v. Texas
Human Trafficking Legitimacy
Hurricane Katrina Levinas, Emmanuel
Hypnosis and Recovered Memory Testimony LGBTQ Communities and Hate Crimes
I M
Identity MacIntyre, Alasdair
Ideology Mala in Se and Mala Prohibita
Immigration Law and Policy Malfeasance, Nonfeasance, and Misfeasance
Imprisonment Disparities, Mandatory Sentencing Laws
Race- and Class-Based Marx, Karl
Incapacitation Media and Crime
Innocence Projects Media in the Courtroom
Insanity Defense Medical Treatment, Prisoner Right to and Right
Institutional Morality to Refuse
Institutional Review Boards Mentally Ill Offenders in Jail or Prison
Institutionalization Merleau-Ponty, Maurice
Intellectual Property Rights Military Courts
Intensive Parole and Probation Supervision Mill, John Stuart
Intention Miller v. Alabama
Internal Review Practices Minimalism, Ethical
International Criminal Courts Miranda Warnings
Internet Child Pornography Moralism, Legal
Involuntary Outpatient Commitment Morality Versus Law
J N
Judicial Corruption Natural Law
Judicial Discretion Neighborhood Watch
Judicial Misconduct Neuroscience and Criminal Law
Juries, Duties and Rights of New Jim Crow, The
Jury Nullification Newsmaking Criminology
Jury Selection Nietzsche, Friedrich
Just Deserts 9/11 Commission Report
