Encyclopedia of Addictions

610 Pages·2009·3.13 MB·English

by  Kathryn H. Hollen

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
ADDICTIONS
Volume 1
A–N
Kathryn H. Hollen
GREENWOOD PRESS
Westport, Connecticut • London
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Hollen, Kathryn H.
Encyclopedia of addictions / Kathryn H. Hollen.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-313-34737-5 (set : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-313-34739-9
(vol. 1 : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-313-34741-2 (vol. 2 : alk. paper)
1. Substance abuse—Encyclopedias. 2. Compulsive behavior—Encyclopedias. I. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Behavior, Addictive—Encyclopedias—English. 2. Substance-Related
Disorders—Encyclopedias—English. WM 13 H737e 2009]
RC563.4.H65 2009
616.86003—dc22 2008034529
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available.
Copyright © 2009 by Greenwood Publishing Group
All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be
reproduced, by any process or technique, without the
express written consent of the publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2008034529
ISBN: 978-0-313-34737-5 (set)
ISBN: 978-0-313-34739-9 (vol. 1)
ISBN: 978-0-313-34741-2 (vol. 2)
First published in 2009
Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881
An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
www.greenwood.com
Printed in the United States of America
The paper used in this book complies with the
Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National
Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984).
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Dedicated to the mighty Howell sisterhood.
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Contents
List of Entries ix
Guide to Related Topics xiii
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xxi
The Encyclopedia 1
Appendices 403
Bibliography 553
Index 559
vii
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List of Entries
Abuse Cannabis
Acetaldehyde Carpenter, Karen
Addiction Chloral Hydrate
Addiction Liability Cigarettes
Addiction Medications Cigars
Addiction Medicine Cocaine and Crack
Addictive Personality Cocaine Anonymous
Agonists Codeine
Alcoholics Anonymous Codependency
Alcoholism Compulsions and Impulses
Alternative Addiction Treatment Compulsive Computer Use
Amphetamines Compulsive Eaters Anonymous
Anabolic Steroids Compulsive Shopping or Spending
Anhedonia Conditioning
Anorexia Nervosa Conduct Disorders
Antagonists Controlled Substances Act (CSA)
Anxiety Disorders Costs of Drug Abuse and Addiction
Anxiolytics Craving
Barbiturates CREB (cAMP Response Element-Binding)
Begleiter, Henri Protein
Behavioral Addictions Cross-Addiction and Cross-Tolerance
Behavioral Sensitization Cybersex Addiction
Benzodiazepines Decriminalization
Bidis and Kreteks Delta FosB
Binge and Heavy Drinking Denial
Blum, Kenneth Dependence
Brain and Addiction Depressants
Bulimia Nervosa Designer Drugs
Buprenorphine (Buprenex, Suboxone, Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
Subutex) Dextromethorphan (DXM)
Butorphanol Dextropropoxyphene (Darvon and
Caffeine Addiction Darvocet)
ix
List of Entries
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Levo-alpha-acetyl-methadol (LAAM)
Disorders Long-Term Potentiation
Disease Model of Addiction Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
Drug Administration Mann, Marty
Drug Classes Marijuana
Drug Interactions Medical Marijuana
Drug Nomenclature Mental Disorders
Drug Screening/Testing Meperidine
Drugged Driving Meprobamate
Dual Diagnosis Mescaline
Eating Disorders Mesolimbic Dopamine System
Ecstasy (MDMA) Methadone
Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine Methamphetamine
Exercise Addiction Methcathinone
Famous Addicts Methylphenidate
Fentanyl Mini Cigars
Flashbacks Minnesota Model
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) Monitoring the Future
Food Addiction and Obesity Morphine
Ford, Betty Nation, Carrie Amelia
Gamblers Anonymous Neuroadaptation
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) Neurotransmitters
Gateway Drugs Nicotine
Genetics of Addiction Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Ghutka Online Gaming
Hallucinogens Opiates
Hangovers Opium
Hard Drugs vs. Soft Drugs Oxycodone
Hard Liquor vs. Soft Liquor Oxymorphone
Hash (Hashish) and Hashish Oil Paraphernalia
Hemp Paraphilias
Heroin Pathological Gambling Disorder
Hookah Peele, Stanton
Hydrocodone Pentazocine
Hydromorphone Phencyclidine (PCP)
Hypersexuality Pipe Smoking
Ibogaine Pornography
Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs) Pornography Addiction
Inhalants Predatory Drugs
Insurance Coverage and Addiction Prescription Drugs
Intermittent Explosive Disorder Presynaptic Cell
Intervention Prevention
Intoxication Problem Drinking
Jellinek, Elvin Morton Prohibition
Jung, Carl Prometa
Ketamine Pseudoaddiction
Khat Psilocybin and Psilocin
Kleptomania Pyromania
x
List of Entries
Recovery Synanon
Relationship Addiction Television Addiction
Reward Defi ciency Syndrome Tiebout, Harry
Rush, Benjamin Tobacco
Secondhand Smoke Tolerance
Self-Injury, Self-Mutilation Tramadol
Serenity Prayer Treatment
Sexual Addiction Trichotillomania
Sexual Compulsives Anonymous Twelve-Step Programs
Shisha Volkow, Nora
Silkworth, William D. War on Drugs
Smith, Robert Holbrook (“Dr. Bob”) Wilson, William G. (“Bill W.”)
Smokeless Tobacco Withdrawal
Snus Women, Pregnancy, and Drugs
Stimulants Work Addiction (“Workaholism”)
Substance Addiction
xi