Emperor and Ancestor: State and Lineage in South China

481 Pages·2007·2.37 MB·English

by  David Faure

Emperor and Ancestor

david faure
E M P E R O R and
A N C E S T O R
State and Lineage in South China
stanford university press 2007
Stanford, California
Stanford University Press
Stanford, California
©2007 by the Board of Trustees of the
Leland Stanford Junior University
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Faure, David.
Emperor and ancestor : state and lineage in South China /
David Faure.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn-13: 978-0-8047-5318-0 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. Kinship—China—Pearl River Delta—History.
2. Ethnicity—China—Pearl River Delta—History.
3. Inheritance and succession—China—Pearl River Delta—
History. 4. China—History—Ming dynasty, 1368–1644.
5. China—History—Qing dynasty, 1644–1912. I. Faure,
David. II. Title. III. Title: State and lineage in South China.
gn635.c5f38 2007
306'.0951—dc22
2006009696
Printed in the United States of America
Typeset at Stanford University Press in 10/12.5Sabon
for anna, gwen, and jill

Contents

Acknowledgments xi

A Note for the Nonspecialist Reader xiii
1 Introduction 1
Historical Geography
2 Exotic Guangzhou 17
3 Confucian Incursions 27
4 We and They 38
5 The Land 51
From Registered Households to Lineages
6 Early Ming Society 67
7 The Recession of Labor Service 79
8 The Yao Wars and Ritual Orthodoxy 93
9 Administrative Transition 109
Lineages Gentrified
10 Lineage Building: The Huo Surname of Foshan 125
11 Magnates on the Sands 136
viii / Contents
From Ming to Qing
12 Gentry Leadership in Local Society 151
13 The End of Empire 164
14 The Proliferation of Lineage Institutions 177
15 The Ordering of Community in Ritual Life 193
16 Incorporation: The Power of an Idea 218
17 A Note on Prosperity 233
The Nineteenth-Century Transformation
18 The Mulberry Garden Dike 253
19 From Paramilitary to Militia 273
20 Local Power in the Taiping Rebellion 291
21 The Foreign Element in Pearl River Delta Society 308
22 Contradictions of the Nation-State: The Backwardness
of Lineages 325
Epilogue
23 Beyond the Pearl River Delta 351
Notes 371
References 413
Glossary 447
Index 457
Maps and Figures
Maps
1 The Pearl River Delta 52
2 Guangzhou and the administrative counties of the Pearl
River Delta 54
3 Enclosure within the Mulberry Garden Dike 255
Figures
1 The “family temple” as defined by Ming dynasty statutes 106
2 Huo Tao’s representation of the three-compartment ancestral
hall amid village buildings 127
3 Dagang Market 198
4 The Mulberry Garden Dike 254