Elements of Product Lifecycle Management

364 Pages·2017·5.34 MB·French

by  Sergio Terzi

Elements of Product Lifecycle Management: Definitions,
Open Issues and Reference Models
Sergio Terzi
To cite this version:
Sergio Terzi. Elements of Product Lifecycle Management: Definitions, Open Issues and Reference
Models. domain_stic.inge. Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. English. ￿NNT: ￿. ￿tel-
00009559￿
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FACULTE DES SCIENCES & TECHNIQUES

U.F.R. Sciences & Techniques Mathématiques, Scuola di Dottorato di Ricerca
Informatique, Automatique Dottorato di Ricerca in Ingegneria Gestionale
Ecole Doctorale IAEM Lorraine, Politecnico di Milano
Département de Formation Doctorale Automatique XVII Ciclo

Doctoral dissertation
Thèse en co-tutelle
Tesi in cotutela

présentée pour l'obtention du titre de
presentata per l’ottenimento del titolo di

Docteur de l'Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy-I
en Automatique, Traitement du signal et Génie Informatique

Dottore di Ricerca in Ingegneria Gestionale
Politecnico di Milano, Italia

Sergio TERZI

Gestion du Cycle de Vie des Produits: Définitions, Problèmes Ouverts
et Modèles de Référence

Elementi di Product Lifecycle Management: Definizioni, Problemi Aperti
e Modelli di Riferimento

Elements of Product Lifecycle Management:
Definitions, Open Issues
and Reference Models

Public discussion on 27 May 2005

Members of the jury:
Reviewers: Jean-Pierre CAMPAGNE Professor, INSA de Lyon, France
President of the Jury

Stefano TONCHIA Associate Professor, HDR, Università di Udine, Italy

Examiners: Marco GARETTI Professor, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
Research Director

Gérard MOREL Professor, U.H.P. Nancy I , France
Research Director

Hervé PANETTO Associate Professor, U.H.P. Nancy I, France
Research Co-Director

Lucio CASSIA Professor, Università di Bergamo, Italy

Invited: Sergio CAVALIERI Associate Professor, Università di Bergamo, Italy

Coordinator of the PhD school: Giuliano NOCI Professor, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, UMR 7039, France
Department of Economics, Management and Industrial Engineering, Milano, Italy

To my wife

Not-forgetting my father

RESUME

Nos travaux de thèse contribuent au domaine de la Gestion du Cycle de Vie des Produits (PLM : Product Lifecycle
Management) selon deux objectifs : l’un concerne plus particulièrement l’analyse et l’état de l’art des concepts liés au domaine
du PLM alors que le second va chercher à tirer avantage de ces concepts pour la formalisation d’un metamodèle adapté à la
Traçabilité des produits tout au long de leur cycle de vie.
La gestion intégrée de toute information relative au produit et à sa production est une des questions majeure de l’industrie. Une
des réponses à cette question, actuellement d’actualité, concerne un paradigme naissant, défini par le vocable de Gestion du
Cycle de Vie des Produits (PLM : Product Life Cycle Management). Dans ce contexte, l’une des problématiques concerne la
traçabilité des produits tout au long de leur cycle de vie qui induit ainsi une nécessaire interopérabilité de l’information ainsi
que des efforts de standardisation. Afin d’assurer ces échanges d’information, notre contribution, basés sur la situation actuelle
des systèmes d’information d’entreprise (qui manipulent l’information sur les produits), doit aboutir à la définition d’une vue
holonique d’un modèle conceptuel orienté produit d’un système de production, formalisant la structure du système
d’information associé aux données de traçabilité des produits.

MOTS-CLES : HMS, PLM, traçabilité des produits, metamodèle, standards

ABSTRACT

The thesis contributes to the area of PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) as a two-layer topic: the first deals with a
definition of the boundaries of what is considered as PLM in the market, while, in a complementary way, the second deals
with the definition of a reference metamodel for product management and traceability along the product lifecycle.
Product and production management have become complicated processes where more problems are overlapping each other’s.
Product development might ever more take into account improved customers’ tastes and requests in a shorter time-to-market.
This way, the product lifecycle and its related management are becoming unavoidable key aspects, creating such a “product
centric” (or product-driven) problem. The integrated management of all the information regarding the “product” and its
production is one of the related questions.
One of the main issues concerning with the product management in a wider perspective (along a defined lifecycle), deals with
the traceability of the product. The problem of information exchange could easily arise and further standardization efforts will
be needed, so establishing a kind of barriers to the diffusion of the same holonic traceability. In order to reduce these further
barriers, but ever more in order to improve the currently definition and the study of Holonic product traceability, we are
looking to the current situation of enterprise information systems (where product information are resident) and trying to
elaborate it in an holonic view, creating a conceptual HMS product-oriented architecture.

KEYWORDS: HMS, PLM, products traceability, metamodel, standards

SINTESI

Nell’attuale contesto competitivo, il concetto di prodotto si è intrinsecamente arricchito di servizi e sistemi accessori, mentre i
relativi processi di sviluppo, produzione, distribuzione e dismissione hanno accumulato complessità. In questa visione
“prodotto-centrica”, la gestione efficiente ed integrata di tutte le informazioni che transitano nel ciclo di vita di un prodotto è
divenuta una chiave ineluttabile di successo. Sulla scia di questa visione, ha iniziato a diffondersi nel mercato un nuovo
approccio di gestione, che prevede un ri-orientamento dell’azienda al prodotto, con tutto quello che ne consegue in termini di
ristrutturazione dei processi e dei correlati flussi informativi. A supporto di questa visione sono ntervenute le mature
tecnologie informatiche, mentre tale tendenza è stata identificata con l’acronimo di PLM, come descritto nella prima parte
della tesi.
Sulla scia dell’’evoluzione PLM in corso, le aziende hanno cominciato a dotarsi di sistemi informativi sempre più integrati.
Quest’evoluzione non è certamente senza costo e senza rischi. In particolare, le moderne tecnologie non hanno ancora assolto
una integrazione ed interoperabilità completa e non consentono di rispondere appieno alle problematiche di controllo e
tracciabilità di ogni prodotto. Guardando al mondo della ricerca internazionale, in quest’area sono in corso importanti studi
sulla definizione del ciclo di vita del prodotto, noto come problema della tracciabilità di prodotto. Nella tesi, questo problema è
risolto tramite l’adozione di un approccio definito come paradigma “Holonico, (dalla comunità HMS - Holonic Manufacturing
Systems), ove un Holone è l’unità minima inseparabile di “prodotto fisico + informazione”. L’approccio Holonico promette di
risolvere buona parte dei problemi di gestione delle informazioni di prodotto, ponendo le informazioni stesse sul singolo
oggetto fisico. In tale contesto, nella sua seconda parte la tesi propone un modello di riferimento, corrispondente alla
formalizzazione in uno schema HMS-oriented delle informazioni di prodotto, ottenuta attraverso l’analisi degli standard ICT
attualmente consolidati sul mercato, ove queste informazioni sono residenti.

KEYWORDS: HMS, PLM, tracciabilità di prodotto, modello di riferimento, standard

Acknowledgements
I’ve to thank lot of persons for this thesis.

At first, I can’t avoid to quote full professors Marco Garetti and Gerald
Morel, who edified my research skills.
Then, professors Hervé Panetto and Sergio Cavalieri, who made the
agreement and encouraged me along these years.
I’ve also to thank professors Jean-Pierre Campagne and Stefano
Tonchia, who accepted to be the official reviewers of the thesis, with the
other members of the bi-lateral jury, prof. Lucio Cassia, and of the Italian
one, prof. Cristina Masella.
Also I’ve to thank prof. Giuliano Noci, the coordinator of the Italian PhD
school in my department, with Mrs Gisella Di Tavi and Annalisa Riccardi,
who always support Italian PhDs in the burocracy world.

At second, there are lots of guys who contributed to this thesis, in diverse
way:
(cid:131) Jacopo Cassina and Gianluca Chiari, who spend some months with
me in France,
(cid:131) Massimo Pilato, Alberto Codrino, Vincenzo Pagliarulo, who defined
PLM elements,
(cid:131) Andrea Camporini, Catia Bongiardina, Michele Lena, Michele Del
Viscio, who made the interviews,
(cid:131) Jeroen Gabriel, who made the simulation model on an industrial test
case,
(cid:131) Marco Macchi, Marco Taisch, Marco Montorio, Myrna Flores, Peter
Ball, Herbert Heinzel, Alexander Smirnov, John Stark, Paolo
Gaiardelli, Umberto Cugini, Matteo Pulli Umit Biticti, Mario Tucci,
Fabrizio Della Corte, Paul Valckenaers, Markus Rabe, Bernardo
Ferroni, Rosanna Fornasiero, Romeo Bandinelli, Trevor Turner and
the other members of IMS NoE, and in particular of Special Interest
Group 1 on PLM, who shared with me their ideas,
(cid:131) Roberto Pinto, Paolo Gaiardelli, Paola Benedetti, who accepted me
as their colleague at University of Bergamo and supported me in the
last days of the thesis,
(cid:131) Luca Visconti, Pietro Mezzanotte, Andrea Vanella who are now
contributing to the follow-up of this thesis.
(cid:131) Donatella Corti, Luigi Uglietti, Jean Simao, David Guyon and the
others, who shared with me the PhD period in Italy and in France

At last, but not at least, I’ve to thank who loves me, my wife, my mother,
my family, and always my father, who still is not here at my third thesis.

Sergio Terzi

Milan, March 2005
S
YNTHESIS
Synthesis of the research
The macro research context delegated to the PhD student has been
defined in December 2001, after a preliminary period carried out in France
and after that an organizational re-engineering had been carried out in
Politecnico di Milano. Taking advantage from the bi-lateral tutorship of the
thesis, the macro research has been identified in the area of PLM (Product
Lifecycle Management) as a two-layer topic: the first deals with a definition
of the boundaries of what is considered as PLM in the market, while, in a
complementary way, the second deals with the definition of a reference
metamodel for product management and traceability along the product
lifecycle. The two layers are interconnected, as it will be demonstrated in
the thesis, even if they clearly show two different point-of-views.
Research context ant thesis objectives
Within the actual competitive world, enterprises are ever more stressed
and subjected to high market requests. Customers are becoming more
and more pretentious in terms of products quality and related services.
The best product, at the lowest price, at the right time and into the right
place is the only success-key for the modern enterprise.
In order to maintain (or gain) competitive advantages, modern enterprise
has to manage itself along two main directions:
(cid:131) Improve internal and external efficiency, reducing all the not-relevant
costs.
(cid:131) Improve innovation: innovation of product, process, structure, and
organization.
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