Electronics: A First Course, Third Edition

252 Pages·2011·5.18 MB·English

by  Owen Bishop

Electronics
A First Course
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Electronics
A First Course
Third Edition
Owen Bishop
AMSTERDAM(cid:1)BOSTON(cid:1)HEIDELBERG(cid:1)LONDON(cid:1)NEWYORK(cid:1)OXFORD(cid:1)PARIS
SANDIEGO(cid:1)SANFRANCISCO(cid:1)SINGAPORE(cid:1)SYDNEY(cid:1)TOKYO
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Secondedition2006
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Thirdedition2011
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Contents
Introduction vii 17. Charging Capacitors 59
What is Electronics? viii
How toUse this Book viii 18. Inductors 63
Part 1
19. Diodes 67
Electricity 1
20. Rectifier Diodes 69
1. Electrons 3
21. Light Emitting Diodes 71
2. Electric Current 7
Design Time 75
3. Cells and Batteries 9
22. Transistors 77
4. Current, Voltage and Power 13 Design Time 79
In the Lab: Building on Stripboard 80
5. Sources of Power 15
23. Transistor Action 87
In the Lab: Using a Multimeter 16
24. Transistor Switches 89
6. Power Equations 19
7. Alternating Currents 21 25. Thyristors 91
8. Mains Electricity 25 26. Field Effect Transistors 95
9. Plugs and Fuses 27
10. Electricity and Magnetism 29
Part 3
11. SI Units 35 Electronic Systems 101
Part 2 27. The Structure of a System 103
Electronic Components 39 Designing and Building Systems 104
28. Switches 105
12. Resistance 41
In the Lab: Testing Projects 108
13. Resistors 43
29. Light Sensors 111
14. More about Resistors 47
Design Time 115
15. Resistor Networks 49
30. Temperature Sensors 117
16. Capacitors 57 Design Time 118
v
vi Contents
31. Sound Sensors 119 46. Audible Output 193
32. Force Sensors 121 47. Mechanical Output 195
Design Time 122 Design Time 197
33. Magnetic Field Sensors 123
Part 4
34. Position and Vibration Sensors 125 Electronic Systems in Action 199
35. Moisture Sensors 127 48. Audio Systems 201
36. Interfacing Sensors 129 49. Radio Transmission 205
Design Time 132
50. Radio Reception 207
37. Amplifying Signals 133
51. Digital Communications 209
38. Timing 141
52. Computers 215
Design Time 149
53. Control Systems 219
39. Logic 151
Design Time 224
40. Logical Systems 159
54. Robotic Systems 225
Design Time 164
41. Logical Sequences 165
Supplements 229
Design Time 175
A. Symbolsused for Circuits 229
42. Storing Data 177 B. Symbols usedin Flowcharts 232
C. AnswerstoQuestions 232
43. Microcontrollers 181
Acknowledgements 235
44. Programs 185
Design Time 190
Index 237
45. Visual Output 191
Introduction
This is a complete introductory textbook intended for (cid:1) An abundance of practical examples, with numerous
courses leading to GCSE Electronics. It also caters circuit diagrams. Detailed instructions for simple
for the Electronics sections of GCSE Design and constructional techniques, and for test procedures
Technology (Electronic Products). It assumes no pre- appear in the ‘In the Lab’ sections.
vious knowledge of electronics or of the electronic (cid:1) An underlying emphasis on electronic systems.
aspects of physics. (cid:1) ‘Design time’ pages provide a wealth of practicable
Most of the text is divided into numerous short suggestions for circuits and projects that students
Topics. The topics are dealt with thoroughly, with can design for themselves. These are intended to
simple explanations and plenty of examples and illus- help students to prepare coursework projects for the
trations. This presentation has two advantages. It examination, as well as to promote understanding of
allows students to confine their attention to the partic- electronics theory.
ular topics found in a given specification. It also pre- (cid:1) The book is copiously illustrated with halftone and
sents the student with self-contained, easily line drawings, the circuit symbols following the
assimilable and readily testable segments of guide set out in the AQA GCSE Electronics specifi-
knowledge. cation. There are numerous photographs, including
The book is student-centred and it features: close-ups of electronics components, and illustra-
tions of constructional techniques.
(cid:1) Frequent ‘Self Test’ questions to allow students to
assess their progress. Whileupdatingthematerialfor this editionwe have
(cid:1) Sets of questions at numerous key stages in the taken intoaccount the increased emphasis on electronic
book, linking together the material of consecutive systemsinthelatestGCSEspecifications.Wehavealso
Topics. Answers to these and the Self Test questions tried to match the content of the book to the basic
are given at the end of the book, if they are numeri- requirements for a number of units of the EDEXCEL
cal or of few words. level2BTECFirstexaminationsinElectronics.
vii
viii Introduction
WHAT IS ELECTRONICS?
Electronics is about electrons.
It is about the ways we use electrons to do
useful and interesting things.
The photos on this page show some of the
things that we can do with electrons. Can
you work out what these things are?
Electronics makes a big
difference to all our lives.
Without electronics, our lives would be less
comfortable, less safe, less interesting and less
fun. Or do you
disagree? Talk
about it with
other students.
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK
Most of the book is set out as brief Topics. When
you open the book at one of these Topics, the pages
tell you all you need to know about one electronics
topic. As well as the text and pictures, there may be:
(cid:1) Things to do that help you to learn more.
(cid:1) Design tips to help you design and build your elec-
tronics project.
(cid:1) Self tests to find out how you are getting on.
Answers are at the back of the book.
In the Lab and Design Time pages provide you
Most students will need to work on most of the with advice and ideas for your project.
spreads. These cover all the essential topics for After every few spreads there is a batch of ques-
Electronics exams at Level 2. Your teacher will tell tions. The answers to these are on our website:
you which spreads, if any, you can leave out. http://www.elsevierdirect.com/companions/9781856176958.
Introduction ix
In addition, there are several features on the Also after each group of spreads are some pages
website to help you study electronics more effec- that give you more details or cover extra topics.
tively. These include animated diagrams of electronic These are mostly for students taking the Higher Tier
circuits in action. The interactive multiple-choice papers in the exam. They also cover topics that are
questions on the website are a novel and effective required by only one or two of the exam boards. Ask
way for you to test your understanding of the subject. your teacher which topics to study.